专四语法第14节-反意疑问句.doc

专四语言知识之反意疑问句一、知识要点反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句 ( Tag Question )， 主要由“陈述部分+附加疑问部分”构成。(一) 疑问部分的主语附加疑问部分的主语通常和陈述部分的主语一致， 但需注意下列情况：1. 陈述部分的主语是 everything, something, nothing 等指物的合成词时，附加疑问部分的主语用it; 当陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, somebody, someone, nobody, no one 等指人的合成词时，由于这些词未指明性别，因而附加疑问句部分的主语也应用未指明姓名的they。Everything is arranged in a good order, isnt it? 一切都安排得井井有条，是不是？Someone has broken the glass, havent they? 有人打碎了杯子，是吗？No one knows the history of this museum, do they? 没有人知道这座博物馆的历史，是吗？2. 当陈述部分是there be 句式，附加疑问部分的主语也用there。Theres something wrong, isnt they? 出错了，是吗？3. 当陈述部分的主语是不定式，动名词，从句或this/that 时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。Seeing is believing, isnt it? 眼见为实，不是吗？This is not as beautiful as that, is it?4. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时， 疑问部分的主语可以用one （正式场合），也可以用you （非正式场合）。One can not survive without water, can you /one? 人没有水就无法生存，是不是？5. 当陈述部分是主从复合句，附加疑问句部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语一致；但是，当陈述部分的主句是第一人称主语+think, believe, suppose, suspect, expect等结构时，附加疑问部分往往与宾语从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系， 但要注意否定的转移。但当陈述部分为非第一人称主语+think, believe, suppose, fancy, imagine, expect + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词保持一致。If you had come yesterday, you might have seen him, mightnt you? 如果你昨天来了， 可能就会见到他，是不是？They dont believe shes an engineer, do they? 他们不相信她是工程师， 是不是？I dont think he will arrive here in time, will he? 我想他不会按时到， 是不是？（二）特殊反意疑问句1. 祈使句中的附加问句（1）“祈使句+附加疑问” 构成的附加疑问句中，疑问部分一般用will you, wont you, would you; 否定的祈使句之后的附加句只可用 will you。如：Sit down, wont you? 请坐。 （wont you）表示邀请Be quiet, would you? 安静， 好吗？Dont move the CD, will you? 不要动那张CD， 好吗？（2）在以Lets 开头的祈使句之后，附加疑问部分用shall we。 如：Lets go shopping, shall we? 我们购物去，好不好？2. 当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词：few, little, seldom, hardly, rarely, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither 等， 疑问部分需用肯定结构。Few people know him, do they? 几乎没有人认识他，是不是？He seldom gives his wife a present, does he? 他很少送礼物给妻子，是不是？3. 当陈述部分带有表示“有”含义的动词 have/ has/had 时，附加疑问部分既可以用have/has/had, 也可以用 do/does/did; 如果含义不是“有”，则必须用do/does/did。You had breakfast, didnt you? 你吃了早餐，是不是？He has a good memory, hasnt/ doesnt he? 他记忆力很好，是不是？4. 陈述部分是I am 结构，疑问部分在正式场合用am I not, 非正式的口语中用arent I。Im late, am I not/arent I ? 我迟到了，不是吗？5. 陈述部分是I wish 句式， 表示询问或征求意见时，疑问部分用may I 。I wish to shake hands with you, may I ? 我希望与你握手，可以吗？6. 陈述部分带有情态动词时， 附加疑问部分助动词的选择：陈述部分含有ought to, 附加疑问部分用 ought 或should;We ought to go there, oughtnt / shouldnt we? 我们应该去那里，是不是？陈述部分含有used to, 附加疑问部分用 used 或did;He used to smoke forty cigarettes a day, usednt / didnt he? 他过去每天都要抽40根烟，是不是？陈述部分含有need 或dare, 附加疑问部分常用need 或dare; 当dare, need 为实义动词时， 疑问部分用助动词 do/does/did;He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢这么说，是不是？She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家，是不是？陈述部分含有must时， 附加疑问句部分通常用must；但如must 作“有必要”解时， 也可用 neednt； 表“一定，肯定”推测意义时， 也可根据上下文用其他动词。You must go now, mustnt / neednt you? 你现在必须走，是不是？He must have waited here for a long time, hasnt he? 他一定在这里等了很久了， 是不是？You must have got up late this morning, didnt you? 今天早上你肯定起晚了，是不是？二、 练习真题：1. There used to be a petrol station near the park, ?A. didnt it B. doesnt it C. usednt it D. didnt there2. When you have finished with that video tape, dont forget to put it in my drawer, ?A. do you B. will you C. dont you D. wont you 3. She seldom goes to the theatre, ?A. doesnt she B. does she C. would she D. wouldnt she4. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ?A. hadnt she B. hasnt she C. wouldnt she D. didnt she5. I suppose that he is just joking, ?A. dont I B. isnt he C. isnt it D. is it6. Do help yourself to some fruit, you ?A. cant B. dont C. wouldnt D. wont 7. When you have finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on my desk, ?A. do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you 8. A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, ?A. need it B. neednt it C. does it D. doesnt it9. When you have finished with the book, dont forget to return it to Tim, _? A. do you B. will you C. dont you D. wont you 10. When you have finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _?A. will you B. do you C. dont youD. wont you11. Nobody heard him sing,_? A. did they B. did he C. didnt they D. did one模拟题：12. There used to be a power station in the countryside, ? A. didnt it B. wouldnt there C. shouldnt it D. usednt there13. There is little exciting news in todays paper, ? A. isnt there B. is there C. is it D. isnt it14. There are many books in his study, ?A. arent they B. are they C. arent there D. are there15. There used to be a well here, ? A. usednt it B. didnt it C. didnt there C. shouldnt there16. She rarely shows herself in public, ? A. doesnt she B. would she C. does she D. wouldnt she17. Nothing can prevent you from realizing your ideal, ? A. isnt it B. cant it C. can you D. can it18. He had little idea that it was getting so late, ? A. didnt he B. wasnt it C. did he D. was it19. Few of the students have read this book, ? A. havent they B. have they C. dont they D do they20. He is unable to handle such a case, ? A. isnt he B. is he C. cant he D. can he21. You missed the early bus this morning, ? A. did you B. didnt you C. havent you D. have you22. Everyone has climbed up to the top of the mountain, ? A. havent they B. dont they C. wont he D. doesnt he23. Somebody borrowed my pen yesterday, ? A. did they B. do he C. didnt they D. dont he24. No one knows the history of the statue, ? A. does he B. doesnt he C. do they C. dont they25. Everything is ready, ? A. is it B. isnt it C. arent they D. are they26. When it comes to the end of the meeting, dont forget to make a conclusion, ? A. could you B. should you C. do you D. will you 27. It is a fine day today. Lets go to the park for boating, ? A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. do we28. Do try your best to finish it, ? A. cant you B. dont you C. wouldnt you D. wont you29. Let us have a look at your book, ? A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. wont you30. What I said is what you want to say, ? A. wasnt it B. didnt you C. isnt it D. dont you 31. Swimming alone in the river is dangerous, ? A. is it B. do they C. dont they D. isnt it 32. I wish to go home with you, ? A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I 33. I wish to have a word with you, ? A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I 34. He ought to attend the meeting, ? A. should he B. ought he C. shouldnt he D. wouldnt he35. The child ought to be punished, ? A. should he B. ought he C. wouldnt he D. oughtnt he36. Youd rather go to theater with him this evening, ? A. are you B. hadnt you C. dont you D. wouldnt you37. You must work hard next term, ? A. need you B. mustnt you C. would you D. will you38. You must go home right now, ? A. must you B. need you C. neednt you D. shouldnt you39. He must be the man in charge of the firm, ? A. mustnt he B. neednt he C. isnt he D. shouldnt he40. You must have heard the news, ? A. havent you B. mustnt you C. shouldnt you D. wouldnt you41. He must have gone to the cinema last night, ? A. mustnt he B. hasnt he