比较级和最高级归纳总结.ppt

Unit7Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?,Grammarfocus,Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?Qomolangma.HowhighisQomolangma?Its8,844.43metershigh.Itshigherthananyothermountain.,Whichisthedeepestsaltlakeintheworld?TheCaspianSeaisthedeepestofallthesaltlakes.DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld?zxxkYes,Idid.ItsmucholderthantheUS.,大多数形容词有三个级。1.原级:Structure:as.as.像.一样e.g.TimisastallasTom.2.比较级(用于两者之间的比较):Structure：形容词比较级than.e.g.Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,3.最高级(用于三者或三者以上的比较):Structure:the+形容词的最高级of/in.e.g.Tomistheheaviestinourclass.Heisthemostpopularinourschool.,规则变化1)一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词/副词比较级er，最高级est。如:clevercleverercleverestfewfewerfewestsmallsmallersmallest等。,形容词、副词的比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化,2)以e结尾的词，比较级r，最高级st即可。如：nicenicernicestcutecutercutestlargelargerlargest3)以辅音字母y结尾的变y为ier或est如:easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest再如：early,busy,heavy,dirty,lazy也如此。,4)重读闭音节，单辅音结尾的，双写这个辅音字母er或est的词：fatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottestredredderreddestwetwetterwettestbigbiggerbiggestzx。xk,5)多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前more构成比较级，themost构成最高级。如：beautifulmorebeautifulthemostbeautiful又如:delicious,popular,important,interesting,expensive,creative双音节的词如:carefulmorecarefulthemostcarefulusefulmoreusefulthemostuseful,少数单音节词也是这样，如：pleasedmorepleasedthemostpleasedtiredmoretiredthemosttiredb)不规则变化：goodbetterbestwellbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremost,farfartherfarthest(距离远)farfurtherfurthest(程度深)oldeldereldest(长幼)oldolderoldest(年龄),二、用法1.比较级表示两者(人或事物)的比较。eg.IamtallerthanTom.Mydressismorebeautifulthanhers.2.最高级表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较,其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个时,用最高级。最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the,后面可带of(in)短语来说明比较的范围。如：Sheistheyoungestintheclass.Jasonisthetallestofthethree.Whosehandwritingisthebestofall?,3.在形容词比较级前还可用much,even,still,alittle来修饰,表示“的多”,“甚至”,“更”,“一些”。如：Thiscityismuchmorebeautifulthanbefore.Shesalittlemoreoutgoingthanme.Itsalittlecoldertoday.4.“比较级and比较级”意为“越来越”。多音节比较级用“moreandmore形容词原级”形式。如：Itsgettingworseandworse.Thegroupbecamemoreandmorepopular.,5.“Which/Whois+比较级？”比较A、B两事物,问其中哪一个较时用此句型。如：WhichT-shirtisnicer,thisoneorthatone?Whoismoreactive,MaryorKate?Whichoneismorepopularamongstudents,goingtoconcertsorgoingtomovies?,6.使用形容词比较级时需注意以下几点：1)than后面接代词时,一般要用主格形式，但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。如：MybrotheristallerthanI/me.2)当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much,alot,alittle,abit,even,still等来修饰形容词比较级。注意:比较级不能用very,so,too,quite等修饰。如：HeismuchmoreseriousthanSam.,3)形容词比较级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比较的人或事物,但在上下文明确的情况下,形容词比较级可单独使用。如：Mysisteristall,butmyauntistaller.我姐姐个子高,但我姑姑个子更高。,原级比较,表示两者之间没有差别时,使用原级比较：主语(第一个人物)+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+第二个人物+.如：Heisasexcitedashisyoungersister.他和他妹妹一样兴奋。Lilyrodeherbikeasslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢。Theypickedasmanyapplesasthefarmers.他们摘的苹果和农民一样多。,表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型:主语(第一个人物)+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+asHeisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.他没他妹妹那么兴奋。Lilydidnotrideherbikeso/asslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢。Theydidntpickso/asmanyapplesasthefarmers(did).他们摘的苹果不如农民多。,三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。例如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.,最高级的用法,2.最高级可被序数词以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notquite，notreally，nothinglike等词语所修饰。例如：Thishatisbyfarmuchnearlyalmostnotnearlybynomeansnotquitenothinglikethebiggest.Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat?,3.表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。4.形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。e.g.Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.5.作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。e.g.Ofalltheboyshecame(the)earliest.,比较级考点比较级修饰问题alittle,abit,even,still,much,alot,far等可修饰比较级。e.g.TomisalittletallerthanJim.Thisbookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.,中考链接,同级比较e.g.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinXian.Ourschoolisbiggerthanyours.the+比较级e.g.Lucyisthefatterofthetwogirls.,“a/an+比较级”表示“又一，再一”e.g.Lilyhasadoll,butshewantsabiggerone.隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g.Whorunsfaster,LucyorLily?Youdbettercomeearliernexttime.Heworkedhardlastterm,butheworksevenharderthisterm.,越来越.比较级+and+比较级b.the+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子e.g.Itsgettingcolderandcolder.Themoreyouexercise,thebetteryouare.,2.最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the；副词的最高级前省略the。范围问题e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.,“.之一”问题e.g.Beijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.“the+序数词+最高级”e.g.Ithinkheisthesecondtallestboyinhisclass.,3.比较级和最高级的转换e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthananyotherstudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthanalltheotherstudentsintheclass.=NootherstudentsaretallerthanTom.,总结：anyother+名词单数theother+名词复数否定+比较级=最高级比较级+极限=最高级,同级比较as+adj./adv.+ase.g.SheisasthinasLily.HewritesascarefullyasLinda.not+as/so+adj./adv.+ase.g.TonydidntrunsofastasCarter.,1.Ourfamilyhasboughtacarsowecantravel_thanbefore.（2008陕西）mosteasilyB.lesseasilyC.easilyD.moreeasily2.Myfathertoldmeastorylastnight.Itis_oneIveeverheard.（2009陕西）thefunniestB.funniestC.funnierD.thefunnier,学以致用,D,A,3.The_friendsyouhave,the_youwillbe.（2010陕西）A.more,happyB.many,happyC.more,happierD.many,happier4.Whenheheardacryforhelp,heranoutas_ashecould.（2011陕西）hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.slowly,C,B,5.ThisplaceisnotbigenoughforLucysbirthdayparty.Weshouldfinda_one.（2012陕西）bigB.smallC.biggerD.smaller,C,Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.,bigmuchpopularlongoldhigh,1.TheAmazonRiverisoneofthe_riversintheworld.Itsalittle_thantheYangtzeRiver.2.Qomolangmais8,844.43meters_.Itsoneofthemost_placesforseriousmountainclimbers.,longest,longer,high,popular,4a,3.Nooceanintheworldisas_asthePacificOcean.4.AlthoughJapanis_thanCanada,itis_smaller.,big,older,much,太平洋,n.大海；海洋,Writetwocomparisonsabouttwotopics.Writetruefacts.,Tworivers:_and_,e.g.,4b,TheYangtzeRiverisalmostaslongastheAmazonRiver.TheAmazonislongerthantheYangtze,buttheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.,theYangtzeRiver,theAmazonRiver,Twocities:_and_1._.2._.,Twoanimals:_and_1._.2._.,Writefivequestionsusingcomparisons.Thenaskyourpartneryourquestions.,Writing,1._2._3._4._5._,e.g.,4c,Whatisthehighestbuildinginourcity?,Exercises,1.Sheis_than_.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/u