牛津英语8B英文教案全套.doc

Unit 1 Past and presentPeriod 1 Comic strips & welcome to the unitTeaching goals To introduce the concept of situations that started in the past and are continuing at present To introduce the grammatical concept of the present perfect tense by focusing on a timeline.Teaching proceduresStep 1 Having a brainstormingHow do you come to school every day? I come by bike. /by bus /by car.How does your father go to work? He goes to work by car. /He takes a car to work. Step 2 Presenting forms of transportTheres too much traffic in Nanjing. But people began to take the underground in 2005. The underground has been in use since 2005. Its fast and convenient. Now, lets learn something about transport at different times. (Show the pictures)What are their names? (light rail, double-decker)I want to draw a timeline for the different forms of transport in Beijing. Use the information from Part A to complete the timeline. 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 light rail taxi bus coach/plane underground double-decker trainStep 3 Having a discussionDiscuss the transport at different times. The bus has been in use since 1958. People have taken the bus since 1958. Step 4 Listening to and reading a dialogueIn the past, people took the bus to work. But at present, more and more people can take the taxi /underground/double-decker car/ to work. The transport has changed a lot. What about our old friends Eddie and Hobo? Have they changed a lot? Lets go on to listen to and read the dialogue on page 6 between Eddie and Hobo. Then answer the following questions: 1. Wheres Hobos food? Is it in the bowl now? Why not? (Because Eddie has eaten it.) 2. Why has Eddie eaten his food? (Because Eddie was hungry.)3. What did Hobo think of Eddie in the past? (Hobo thought Eddie was kind in the past.)4. What does he think of Eddie now? (Hobo thinks Eddie is bad now. So he doesnt want to play with him any more.) 5. Why does Eddie say that Hobo has changed a lot, too? (Because Hobo wanted to play with him in the past, but now he doesnt.)Step 5 Listening and reading aloudListen to the tape, and try to read aloud the dialogue on page 6 to the tape. Step 6 Finding and writing expressionsYou are to go over page 6 and 7 again to find out and write down all the useful expressions. Make sentences of your own with them after class. Step 7 Acting out the dialogueIn pairs act out the dialogue. Step 8 Doing homeworka. Read the comic strips and try to recite it. b. Try to revise the phrase and sentences in this period.c. Do translation:1. 我的玩具飞机在哪儿？2. 你的妈妈怎样去上班？ 乘坐地铁。3. 我再也不想跟你玩了。4. 自从年人们就可以乘坐轻轨了。5. 我们应该对父母要友善。 新课标第一网Period 2 Reading I(Times have changed)Teaching goals To recognize types of questions used in interview To recognize extended answers to raise questions To infer general meaning from the title and the context To guess meanings of specific words from the context To identify true or false statements based on the reading passageTeaching proceduresStep 1 Having a revisionTalk about the transport at different times. Step 2 Talking about pictures (Show two pictures to the students.) Picture 1: A small town with some restaurants, shops, a small post office and an old cinema. Near the river, there was a steel plant. Talk about the picture, and teach the new words: restaurant, cinema, steel plant.What do you think of the steel plant? The factory often threw away useless things into the river in the past. (The factory used to dump the waste into the river.) The waste made the river dirty. (The waste polluted the river.) The government got to know the danger and it took action to get rid of the pollution to protect the river. (The government realized it was a serious problem and took action to reduce the pollution.)It has changed a lot. What has it turned into? Picture 2: A town with a large shopping mall, a theater and a central park. What do you think of the central park? Its nice to have a large area without building. (Its nice to have open space.) People can meet in the park to play cards and play the Chinese chess. But people have to move out. So its hard for them to meet friends. Maybe they will sometimes feel a little unhappy because of that. (They will feel a bit lonely from time to time.) Step 3 Reading to find out the new wordsThere are some new words in the dialogue on page 8. But dont be worried about their meaning. Just read the dialogue for the first time to find out and circle all the words you dont know. Now guess the meaning of the words from the context. Now go to page 10 to finish Part B in pairs. Read the passage again, and then tell if the sentences in Part C on page 10 are true or false. Step 4 Finding and writing expressionsGo over page 8 and 9 again to find out and write down all the useful expressions. Make sentences of your own with them after class. Step 5 Listening and readingListen to the tape and read aloud the dialogue to the tape, and then try to help Millie complete sentences in Part D on page 11. (Keys: 1. moved 2. see 3. lonely 4. cards 5. chess 6. park 7. open 8. gardens)Step 6 Filling and retellingGo to page 8 to read the dialogue, finding out the changes to Sunshine Town and filling in the table below.Step 7 Consolidation 快速阅读课文，然后根据短文的内容，选择正确的答案。1. Mr Chen _ the place called Sunshine Town _.A. knows, very well B. knows, a little C. doesnt know, very well D. doesnt know, at all2. Mr Chen first lived near Sunshine River in the north of the town with _ . A. his wife B. his children C. his cousins D. his parents3. Now, theres a large shopping mall and a theatre in the town, and the town center has turned into a _.A. cinema B. central park C. market stall D. a post office 4. Its pleasant to meet friends in the new park to _.A. play cards and Chinese chess B. walk the dog C. talk with each other D. play games 5. Near Sunshine River, there once was a steel plant. _ got to know pollution was a very serious problem.A. The factory B. The people C. The government D. Mr ChenPeriod 3 Reading II(Times have changed)Teaching goals To figure out the structure of each passage To understand and use the expressions in the text To practice the main language points of the context To retell the passage in their own words, following the structure of the passagesTeaching proceduresStep 1 Reading the passages aloud To begin with, turn to page 8 and read the passage aloud again to the tape. Step 2 Having a revision1. What was the Sunshine Town like in the past? In the past, 30,000 people l_ in the town. They h_ some small restaurants, shops and markets stalls. There once was a steel p_ near Sunshine River. The poison k_ fish and plants and p_ the river. The p_ was a very serious problem. 2. What about the Sunshine Town now? Now, there is a large shopping mall and a theatre in the town and the town has t_ into a park. People often m_ their friends there. And the government took action to r_ the pollution, and the river is b_ clean again. 3. What about Mr. Chens life now? Its better in some w_. Its nice to have o_ space and pretty gardens. However, many of his old friends have m_ to other areas. He f_ a bit lonely from time to time. But its great that sometimes they come b_ to see him. Step 3 Explaining the language points1. In fact, I was born here/ and have lived here/ since then. 2. We lived together/ till 1965/ when I got married. 3. Has Sunshine town changed/ a lot? 4. The factory used to dump its waste/ into the river. 5. The government took action/ to reduce the pollution. 6. I feel a bit lonely/ from time to time. Step 4 Doing practicesFirst fill in the blanks on page 11 in Part C. Then make a similar dialogue in pairs. Step 5 Finishing the exercisesGet the students to finish the following exercises without looking at the book to check if they have grasp the language points or remember the sentences. 1. 我和我的父母一直住在一起直到1965年我结婚为止。2. 阳光城镇改变了许多吗？ 3. 镇中心已经变成了一个中心花园。4. 阳光河旁边曾经有过一个钢厂。 5. 工厂过去常常把废弃物倒进河里。6. 政府意识到废物中的毒物污染了河流，采取措施减轻污染。Step 6 Finding and writing expressionsGo over page 10 and 11 again to find out and write down all the useful expressions. Make sentences of your own with them after class. Step 7 Reading aloud Read aloud the passage again together, trying to learn the passage better. Step 8 Doing homeworka. Learn the reading passage by heart. b. Tell your parents or your friends about changes to Sunshine Town. Period 4 VocabularyTeaching goals To develop an understanding of the opposites. To use appropriate adjectives to express positive and negative meanings. Teaching proceduresStep 1 Having a brainstorming Say the first sentence; one of the students says the second sentence as soon as possible. My ruler isnt long. Its _. (short) My bag is heavy. Its not _. (light)Im happy today. Im _today. (sad/unhappy) The train travels fast. The bike goes _. (slow) This solution is correct. This solution is _. (incorrect/ wrong)Step 2 Having a revisionAsk the students to make sentences with the opposites. Then write them on the blackboard. Ask the students to read them aloud. Step 3 PresentingComplete the sentences with proper words. 1. 商店有两件毛衣，红的便宜，蓝的贵。There are two sweaters in the shop. The red one is _, and the blue one is _.2. Jim是阳光中学的学生。他认为语文简单，英语难。Jim is the student in the Sunshine School. He thinks Chinese is _, English is _.3. 过多的甜食对人们的身体不健康，我们应该多吃健康的食品。Too much sweet food is _ for people, we should eat more _food. 4. 城里的孩子很幸运。在贫困地区的一些孩子很不幸，他们没钱上学。The children in the cities are _. Some children in the poor areas are _ because they dont have money to go to school. 5. 乘火车旅行很愉悦，乘坐长途汽车很不开心。Its _ to travel by train. Its _ to travel by coach. Step 4 Practicing Millie wrote about the interview on the computer, but Andy changed the file and made nine mistakes when Millie was not around. Please read Millies profile and underline the wrong words. (Show the students the passage on page 12) Step 5 Playing a gameOpposite SnapPrepare eight sets of cards. Divide the class into eight groups. Give each group a set of cards. Each set consists of 10 pairs of opposites. Ask students to shuffle the cards and redistribute them evenly. In each group, students take turns to read out one of their cards. If a student has the card with the opposite meaning, he/ she says “Snap!”, taking both cards and placing them face up on the table. If the student who reads out the word has the opposite card in his/her hand, he/ she says the words aloud and places both cards face up on the table and the next student reads out a word. At the end of the game, when all the cards are on the table, the student in each group with the most sets wins.Step 6 Doing homeworka. Read and learn these words and sentences by heart: write an article on for, have an interview with, live here for a short time, askabout, look unhealthy, be lonely from time to time, miss ones friends, feel happy about, enjoy the changes, tell sb. ones future plan, move next tob. Translation 1. 对老年人大叫是不礼貌的。 2. 在两小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。3. 那两个双胞胎看起来一样，但他们穿着不同的毛衣。4. 学生们都不喜欢他，因为他很不诚实。5. 今天外面是冷还是热？Period 5 Grammar ITeaching goals To learn the spelling of the past participles of verbs To recognize contexts for the use of the present perfect tense To use the present perfect tense to talk about events that starts in the past and are connected to the present To understand adverbs of time and use them with the present perfect tenseTeaching proceduresStep 1 Learning about the present perfect tenseHere is a brief review of the form and function of the present perfect tense. The present perfect is used when the time period has not finished: I have seen three movies this week.(This week has not finished yet.) The present perfect is often used when the time is not mentioned: Gerry has failed his exam again. The present perfect is often used when the time is recent: Ikuko has just arrived in Victoria. The present perfect is often used with for and since. Greg has lived here for 20 years. Greg has lived here since 1978. The present perfect is formed like this: have plus past participleStep 2 Having a revisionWhat did you do last night? What did your mother do two weeks ago? What did you father do last year? Work in pairs to talk about the thing they did in the past. Step 3 Doing practice Eddie was born four years agopast present We use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past. Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born. Eddie has lives with Millie for four years. past presentWe use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and are continued to the present. We have known that Hobo was very angry, because Eddie has eaten his food. (Eddie ate the food in the past and now Hobo does not have anything to eat. ) We also use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past and have connection with the present. Step 4 Drawing a conclusion We make positive statements and negative statements using the present perfect tense like this: have /has (+not) + Past participle We usually use these forms when we speak: hasnt = has not, havent = have not Look up the past participles in the dictionary if necessary. There is also a table of irregular verbs on page 112. We ask and answer questions using the present perfect tense like this.Have I /you/we/they arrived? Yes, I/you/we/they have. No, I/you/we/they havent/have not. Has he/she/it arrived? Yes, he/she/it has. No, he/she/it hasnt/has not. Step 5 Doing practice Mr Wu asks the students to complete the sentences using the present perfect tense. Completer the sentences in Part A1 on page 14. Millie and Sandy are talking about an exhibition of the history of Beijing. Complete the conversation in Part A2 on page 15. Step 6 Presenting We can use some typical time expressions with the present perfect tense. Show the table on page 16 to the students. Explain the use of the following time expressions: already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, for, sincealready, just, ever and never usually come after have or has while yet comes at the end of a sentence. Step 7 Doing practice Daniel and Simon are talking about different forms of transport. Complete the conversation on page 17 using the present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets and the correct time expressions. Step 8 Doing homeworka. Review the use of the present perfect tenseb. Fill in the blanks with the right tense of the verbs. 1. Eddie _ (be) born four years ago. 2. Eddie _ (live) with Millie since he was born. 3. Mr Smith _ (not come) back yet. 4. _ they _ (see) any exhibition recently? 5. - _ you _ (finish) your work? - No, I havent. Period 6 Grammar IITeaching goals To consolidate the present perfect tense To learn to use time expressions with the present perfect tenseTeaching proceduresStep 1 Having a revisionHave a dictationWrite down the past participle of the following verbs. 1. repair 2. marry 3. see 4. change 5. turn 6. pollute 7. feel 8. throw 9. write 10. make Step 2 Talking about the present perfect tenseWe use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past. We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and continue to the present. We also use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past but with connection with the present. Whats the form of the present perfect tense? Have /has (+not) + Past participleWhat typical time expressions can we use with the present perfect tense? already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, for, sinceStep 3 Finishing exercisesChoose the correct adverbs of time to complete the sentences.1. Have you done your homework _? (for, just, already)2. I have _been to Chengdu. (ever, never, yet)3. He has _washed the dishes. (already, ever, for) 4. He has worked there _he left school. (already, just, since) 5. She has known Sam _nine years. (for, never, since) 6. They have _arrived. (ever, just, yet) Step 4 Doing practices Make a dialogue like this: A: Have you ever finished your homework? B: Yes, I have. /No, I havent. A: When did you do it? /When will you do it? B: I did it last night. /Ill do it tomorrow. Step 5 Playing a game1. Play the game in order to familiarize students with sentences using the present perfect tense. Write down the following sentences on the blackboard. 1. has traveled to Beijing2. has seen the Space Exhibition3. has kept a rabbit as a pet4. has been to beaches5. has slept in the tent6. has spoken to the foreigners7. has written a poem8. has worked in a hospitalThe students ask each other: “Have you ever ?” At last, the student makes the sentences like this: Jim has traveled to Beijing. 2. The aim of the game is to help students to tell the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. Work in pa