英语语法-长难句分析.ppt

长难句分析,长难句分析,从结构上来说除了谓语动词，其他的成分都可以用从句或者非谓语动词来充当,从功能上说,主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句,名词从句,英语有三大复合句,形容词性从句、关系从句,定语从句,状语从句,长难句分析,Tomisatopstudent,togetherwithmysisterstudyinginthisschool,whoalwaysgetsthefirstplaceinanyexam.,长难句分析,英语长难句的特点：结构复杂逻辑层次多常须根据上下文做词义的引申常须根据上下文对指代词的指代关系作出判断并列成分多修饰语多特别是后置定语很长习惯搭配和成语经常出现,长难句分析,英语长难句的分析方法：找出主谓宾，即主干找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词分析从句和短语的功能分析句中是否有固定搭配或固定词组,长难句分析,Weliveasocietyinwhichthemedicinalandsocialuseofsubstances(drugs)ispervasive（普遍广泛的）:anaspirintoquietaheadache,somewinetobesociable,coffeetogetgoinginthemorning,acigaretteforthenerves.在我们生活的社会里，物质（药品）被广泛地运用于社交和医疗，比如说服用阿司匹林来缓解头疼，喝酒来应酬，早晨喝咖啡来提神，吸烟来镇定情绪等。,长难句分析,Thisaddedironsupplementsthesmallamountofironthatnaturallyoccursingrain.,这些额外的铁增加了谷物中自然出现的含铁量。,长难句分析,Thiswillbeparticularlytruesinceenergypinchwillmakeitdifficulttocontinueagricultureinthehigh-energyAmericanfashionthatmakesitpossibletocombinefewfarmerswithhighyields.,这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。,pinch拧，掐，匮乏yield生产，产量infashion以方式,长难句分析,Ingeneral，thetestsworkmosteffectivelywhenthequalitiestobemeasuredcanbemostpreciselydefinedandleasteffectivelywhenwhatistobemeasuredorpredictedcanbenotwelldefined.,(thetestwork),一般来说，当所需要测定的特征能被精确界定时，测试最为有效;而当所测定或预测的东西不能被明确界定时，测试效果最差。,长难句分析,Butevenmoreimportant，itwasthefarthestthatscientistshadbeenabletolookintothepast，forwhattheywereseeingwerethepatternsandstructuresthatexisted15billionyearsago.,但更重要的是，这是科学家们所能观测到的有关过去的最为遥远的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前（宇宙云）的形状和结构。,长难句分析,Asaresultoftwoorthreecenturiesofscientificinvestigation,wehavecometobelievethatnatureisunderstandableinthesensethatwhenweaskherquestionsbywayofappropriateobservationsandexperiments，shewillanswertrulyandrewarduswithdiscoveriesthatendure.,由于两三个世纪以来的科学研究成果，我们逐渐相信，如果运用合适的观察和实验方法向大自然探究问题，她会真心实意地给我们答复，并且以永垂不朽的发现来报答我们。从这个意义上来说，大自然是可以认识的。,习题,Oneresultofthisemphasisonacollegeeducationisthatmanypeoplegotocollege_.A.thatdonotbelongthereB.whichdonotbelongthereC.whodonotbelongthereD.asdonotbelongthere,C,习题,Weshalltake_wethinkpropertocopewiththesituation.A.suchmeasuresB.whatmeasuresC.samemessuresD.whichmeasures,B,习题,Hehasluckyenoughtosellhiscarforexactly_hehadpaidforit.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as,C,习题,Thousands,_werefromthesurroundingtowns,cametowatchtheperformance.A.ofthosemanyB.manyofthoseC.ofthemmanyD.manyofwhom,D,习题,Icantunderstandwhy,butsuddenlyIhadthisfeeling_wasgoingtohappen.A.somethingterribleB.whichsomethingterribleC.wheresomethingterribleD.thatsomethingterrible,D,习题,Itseemsprobable_producingenoughfoodforeveryone.A.whethertheworldcangoonB.iftheworldcangoonC.howtheworldcangoonD.thattheworldcangoon,D,习题,Thelatestroundofconsumer-spendingnewswasgood_stockshadanotherbubblingdayyesterday.A.suchgood,inthemarketseyes,thatB.sogood,inthemarketseyes,thatC.verygood,inthemarketseyes,thatD.toogood,inthemarketseyes,that,B,习题,“Iwontforgetagain,Ipromise.”“You_!”A.mightnotB.couldnotC.dbetternotD.wont,C,习题,Sheneverlaughed,_losehertemper.A.orsheeverdidB.nordidsheeverC.ordidsheeverD.norsheeverdid,B,习题,Neitherrain,norsnoworsleet（冰雹）_thepostmanfromdeliveringourletters,whichwesomuchlookforwardtoreceiving.A.iskeptB.arekeepingC.keepsD.keep,C,长难句的类型一复杂的修饰成分1.从句2.介词短语3.分词4.不定式,长难句分析,长难句的类型一复杂的修饰成分Themethodthatacommunitydevisestoperpetuateitselfcomesintobeingtopreserveaspectsoftheculturallegacythatthatcommunityperceivesasessential.devise设计perpetuate保持culturallegacy文化遗产,长难句分析,长难句的类型二大段的插入语和同位语Moreover,Icanfeelstrongemotionsinresponsetoobjectsofartthatareinterpretations,ratherthanrepresentations,erpretation解释representation描述,长难句分析,长难句的类型三后置Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmitted.sexratio性别比率Favored有利的Descendant后代Genecopies基因的备份Transmit传播,长难句分析,长难句的类型三后置读法：按正常语序读。正常语序：Thatsexratiowhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsthatanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmittedwillbefavored.,长难句分析,长难句的类型四省略Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhav