英语介词的使用方法.ppt

介词,（一）表示时间的介词in,on,at,after,in用于较长一段时间,星期,月份,季节,年,朝代、世纪或泛指的早、午、晚等。eg:in1988,inthe21stcentury,inwinter,inMarch,intheday，inthemorning,on具体某一天或具体某一个早、午、晚。onSaturdayevening,ontheMayseventh,onawindynight,ontheafternoon,onOctober31stat表示时刻、时间的某一点以及年龄。ateightoclock,attheendof,atthismoment,atthistime,attimes/atatime/atonetime，attheageof,in+一段时间，表示一段时间之后，与动词将来时连用。after则常用于过去时。比较：Hewillbebackintwodays.Hecamebackaftertwodays.易错题：-_willthefilmstart?-Intenminutes.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar,On+具体某一天/节日易错题：-Whenwereyouborn?-Iwasborn_themorningofMay7th,1995.A.inB.atC.onD.by,常见的搭配还有onacoldmorning/onasunnyafternoononahotsummernight,注意：atnight=inthenightatnoonatthis/thattimeatChristmas区别onChristmasDayeg.1._themorning2._Mondaymorning3._arainyevening4._3:505._20026._themorningofApril107._spring8._night9._thistime10._March,in,on,on,at,in,on,in,at,at,in,（一）表示时间的介词for，since，duringfor+一段时间常表示“持续了一段时间”,since+时间点/+完成时during则表示在期间+一般时态,HehasbeeninBeijingfor3years.HehasbeeninBeijingsince3threeyearsagoIwasinBeijingduringlastsummer.,since，for常与现在完成时连用，提问时用howlong.,（二）表示地点的介词in/on/atat与小的地点连用,有“在某一点”的含义。atthestation/airport/atthecinema/arriveatavillagein与大的地方连用或表示在一个立体空间内”的含义。intheroom/arriveinabigcityon表示沿途/沿着边onthesideoftheroad/ontheright/leftonthebankoftheriver,eg.1)Hearrived_Shanghaiyesterday.2)Theyarrived_asmallvillagebeforedark.3)Thereisabighole_thewall.4)Theteacherputupapicture_thewall.,in,at,in,on,（三）in/to/on表示方位in表示一个地方在另一个地方的范围内to表示两地相隔on-表示两地相邻ShanghaiintheeastofChina.JapanistotheeastofChina.KreaisontheeastofChina.,in,on,to,（四）across/through,cross表示”越过、穿过”cross:动词“跨过，越过”=go（动词）acrossacross:（表面）跨过through:（内部）穿过，贯穿介词eg.1)Canyouswim_theriver?2)Theroadruns_theforest.3)_thebridge,youllfindacinema.,accross,through,Cross,（五）between:在（两者）之间among:在（三者以上）之间1)AbigcrowdofpeoplewerewaitingforLiLidaonthebeach._themwerehisparents.2)Tomsits_LucyandLily.注意：课间休息_,Among,between,breaktimebetweenclasses,（六）with/in表示穿衣。in+颜色表示穿衣/带帽With+具体衣服/眼镜等Thegirlingreenlooksverybeautiful.Thegirlwithgreenskirtlooksverybeautiful.TheladywithglassesisLucysmother.Theboyinthehatismyneighbour.,（七）by/in/with表示通过是使用某物in-in+材料/语言/inink/inEnglishwith-with+具体工具withapenby-by+名词表方式byhand/byphone1)Pleasewritetheletter_apencil.2)Pleasespeak_aloudvoice.（八）表示方式by/oninby+n.(运输工具）如：bycar/ship/planein/on/+the/a/an+交通工具如：inacar/onaplane,with,in,（九）over,above与on表示“在上”的区别。over指没有接触面的正上方,反义词是under。above指没有接触面的上方,在高一些的位置,反义词是below。on指有接触面的,在的表面上。Theplaneisabovetheclouds.Thebridgeisovertheriver.Thecupisonthetable.,（十）of/to/for表示事物之间的关系of-所属关系。如：ThedooroftheroomThefriendofmyfathersto-两物之间的联系Thekeytotheexercise这个练习的答案Thekeytothedoor门的钥匙Theanswertothequestionfor表示用途Theticketsforthegame,（十一）Except/besides/exceptforexcept表示除了，不包括在内besides-除了包括，还有。exceptfor除去的内容和主语不是同一类。,IcanspeakJapanese,_EnglishandChinese.Whatdidyouwant_these?Igotoschooleveryday_Sunday.Nobodycame_me.Yourpictureisgood_someofthecolours.Smithisagoodman,_hisbadtemper.Themoviewasgood_theending.,除了这些东西外，你还要什么？（包括these）,除星期天之外，我天天上学。,除了我之外没人来,你的画很好，除了有些颜色不好,史密斯除了脾气不好外，是个好人。,这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。,除了英语和中文，我还会说日语。,besides,besides,except,except,exceptfor,exceptfor,exceptfor,（十二）with的一些用法1）在.下withherhelp2)随着withthedevelopmentofChina.（十三）towards与to的区别以wards