状语从句特殊情况总结.ppt

,状语从句,特殊情况总结,一、只用that引导定语从句的情况1.当不定代词如anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时,只用that.e.g.Iknowanythingthatyoudontknow.2.先行词是all,every,any,no,little,much等词或被它们所修饰时,只用that.Allthathetoldmeisexciting.,3.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,theone,thelast,oneof修饰时,只用that.Heistheonlypersonthatisforyou.4.先行词为序数词,数词,形容词最高级或被它们所修饰时,只用that.e.g.Itsthefirsttimethatmymotherlefthome.5.先行词既有人,又有物时,只用that.ShetoldsomethingsandpersonsthatIhadneverheard.,6.当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时,用that以避免重复.e.g.Whoisthemanthatyouwenttotheparkwith?7.Therebe句型中用that.Theressomethingstrangethatyoudontknow.8.先行词被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰时,只用that.Itsthefirstmostfamousbookthatwaspublishedatthattime.,二.只用which或whowhom,不用that的情况1.在由“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句中,只能用which指物,用whom指人.ThisistheroominwhichIoncelived.ThisismyfriendwithwhomIgotoschooleveryday.2.当定语从句修饰的先行词已有限定的修饰词时必须用which,不用that.Whatsthenameofthegirlinyourclasswhichrunsfastest?,3.当在非限定性定语从句中时,只能用which.Thehouse,whichisfivehundredyearsold,isveryfamous.4.先行词是one,ones,anyone,those时,用who不用that.Thosewhoworkharderwillgetthejob.三.关系副词的用法1.where在定从中作地点状语,它引导的定从修饰表地点的先行词IvebeentotheplacewhereIwasborn.,2.when在定从中作时间状语,它引导的定从修饰表时间的先行词.ImethimintheyearwhenIworkedinTianjin.3.why在定从中作原因状语,它引导的定从修饰表原因的先行词,常见的是reason.Thatsthereasonwhyhewasangry.,when,where,why在定从中常和“介词+which”结构交换使用.when=onwhich;where=inwhich;why=forwhich.e.g.Tianjinistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.Doyourememberthedaywhen(onwhich)youjoinedtheclub?,四.判断定从中的关系代词与关系副词的方法1.看从句中的谓语动词.及物动词后面无宾语就必须要用关系代词,及物动词后面有宾语时可能用到关系副词;不及物动词后面无介词要用关系副词,有介词要用关系代词.e.g.(误)IllneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.(正)IllneverforgetthedayswhichIspentinthecountryside.,2.关系词的选择依据在从句中所作的成分.作主,定,宾语时用关系代词(who,whom,whose,that,which等);作状语时用关系副词(when,where,how,why等)e.g.1.Isthishospital_youvisitedtwoyearsago?whereb.thatc.onwhichd.theone2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?a.whereb.thatc.onwhichd.theone,d,a,1.Sorry,wedonthavethecoat_youneed.a.whatb.whoc.whomd.which2.Ipreferthemusic_isquietandgentle.a.whob.thatc.whatd.whose3.Thebuilding_theyliveinisveryhigh.a.whatb.whichc.whend.who4.Haveyoubeentotheplace_Ioncevisited?a.inwhichb.wherec.aboutwhichd.which,d,b,b,d,1.Doyouknowtheboy_fatherownsabigcompany?whob.whichc.thatd.whose2.Manypeople_havebeentoAustraliaoftensayitisagoodcountry.whob.whomc.whichd.whose3.Iwanttoknowthereason_hew