英语语法-非谓语.pptVIP

welcome,非谓语动词（复习）NON-FINITEVERBS,近五年非谓语动词在高考中的复现率,一、形式,二、功能,todo,tobedoing,tohavedone,tobedone,tohavebeendone,doing,havingdone,beingdone,havingbeendone,done,现在分词与动名词的基本形式你知道吗？,那么简单，谁不知道。是由动词末尾加-ing形式构成，因此又叫动词的-ing形式。V+-ing,千万要注意V-ing形式的规则:,不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。,三、功能比较,（一）不定式、动名词做主语的区别：,1、动名词充当的主语一般表示抽象的、一般的、经常性的行为。,不定式表特定、具体的行为，特别是表将来的或一次性的行为。,2、在某些结构中，做主语的动名词和不定式是特定的，一般不能随意替换：,1）在句子主语和表语同时使用非限定动词时，两者必须一致，不能交叉使用。,eg.Seeingisbelieving.,Tolearnistouse.,2)在含有no这一否定词的句子里，一般用动名词作主语，但含not的句子则用不定式作主语。,eg.Itisnogooddrinkingsomuch.,Itisnoteasytofindajob.,3)“疑问词+不定式“作主语时，不定式不能用动名词替换。,eg.Whattodonexthasntbeendecided.,（二）不定式、动名词作宾语的区别：,1、动名词表示一般的、经常性的行为，不定式表示特定的、具体的行为。,eg.Ilikeswimming,butIdontliketoswimtoday.,2、一般介词后面不可用不定式作宾语，（except,but除外）,eg.Hehasnochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.,Ihatethekindofpersonwhodoesnothingbutlookon.,3、及物动词后一般可用动名词或不定式作宾语，但,1)advise,consider(考虑),enjoy,escape,excuse,delay,deny,dislike,finish,keep,include,miss,mind,practise,stand(忍受),suggest(建议),risk,imagine,admit,canthelp+doing,2)agree,dare,decide,hope,determine,elect,choose,expect,fail,long,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,wish+todo,4、有些及物动词可接动名词和不定式，但意义不同。,rememberforgetregret,stopgoon,trymean,needwantrequire,（三）非谓语动词作表语的区别：,eg.Ourplanistofinishtheworkatonce.,Herjobwaslookingafterthepigs.,Hisreportisinteresting.,Thecupsarebroken.,说明其具体内容,说明其具体内容,表示其性质、特征，与主语有主谓关系,表示其所处的状态，与主语有动宾关系,多表将来,无时间性，可与主语换位,表当时,表当时或过去,名词,名词,形容词,形容词,（四）非谓语动词作定语的区别：,总是位于其后,多位于其前,或前或后,或前或后,多有动宾关系（vi.+介词）,表示其性能、用途,多有主谓关系,vt.有动宾关系,多表将来,无时间性,表进行中,多表完成,不定式,eg.ameetingtobeheldtomorrow,ameetingbeingheldnow,ameetingheldyesterday,asleepingcar,asleepingboy,aroomtolivein,abrokencup,（五）分词、不定式作补语的区别：,有主谓关系,有主谓关系,有动宾关系,表已完成；一次性动作,正在进行；延续性动词,已完成，多表状态,注：、keep后只能用分词作宾补，不能用不定式,eg.ImsorryIvekeptyouwaiting.,2、接不带to的不定式做宾补的动词有：see,watch,notice,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,have,letmake,（六）不定式和分词作状语的区别：,不定式作状语通常表示目的、结果、程度及形容词后状语。,分词作状语表示时间、条件、原因、或伴随方式。,eg.TogetthereontimeIgotupveryearly.,GuidedbytheParty,hefoundtherightway.,Beingverysmall,computersarewidelyused.,Youarebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatmeeting.,非谓语动词对比练习Dec.5,20011.Hewants_(clean)thehouse.2.Thehousewants_(clean).3.Heneeds_(repair)hisbike.4.Hisbikeneeds_(repair).5.Headvised_(make)anexperiment.6.Headvisedus_(make)anexperiment.7.Theyareconsidering_(travel)alloverthecountry.Theyareconsideringhow_(travel)alloverthecountry.,toclean,cleaning,torepair,repairing,making,tomake,traveling,totravel,9.Try_(knock)atthebackdoorifnoonehearsyouatthefrontdoor.10.Hetried_(escape)butfailed.11.Shecouldnthelpme_(work)outtheproblem.12.Shecouldnthelp_(laugh)onhearingthegoodnews.13.Imeant_(help)you,butIcouldnt.14.Todosuchathingmeans_(waste)time.15.Iremember_(see)himsomewherebefore.16.Pleaseremember_(close)thedoorwhenyouleave.,knocking,toescape,towork,laughing,tohelp,wasting,seeing,toclose,17.Iregret_(miss)thegoodchance.18.Iregret_(say)thatImtoobusytohelpyou.19.Theteachermademe_(answer)thequestionatonce.20.Iwasmade_(answer)thequestionatonce.21.Hesuggested_(go)forapicnic.22.Hesuggestedthatwe_(go)forapicnic.23.Wouldyoulike_(swim)withme?24.Ilike_(swim),butIdontlike_(swim)today.25.Heprefers_(watch)TVto_(see)films.,missing,tosay,answer,toanswer,going,go,toswim,swimming,toswim,watching,seeing,26.Heprefers_(watch)TVthan_(see)films.27.Whenclassbegan,theyallstopped_(talk).28.Whentheymetinthestreet,theystopped_(talk)forawhile.29.Aftertherain,wewenton_(work)inthefield.30.AfterhehadlearnedEnglish,hewenton_(learn)German.31.Heusedto_(get)upearlywhenhewasinthearmy.32.Heisusedto_(work)withtheradioon.33.Computersareused_(teach)Englishinourschoolnow.,towatch,see,talking,totalk,working,tolearn,get,working,toteach,34.Everybodywas_(surprise)atthe_(surprise)news.35.Therewasa_(frighten)lookonhisfacewhenheheardthe_(frighten)noise.36.Whatyousaidwas_(please)tous.37.Wearemuch_(please)withwhatyouhavesaid.38.Chinaisa_(develop)countrywhiletheU.S.A.isa_(develop)one.39.Wesweptthe_(fall)leavesinspiteofthe_(fall)rain.40._(see)fromthetopofthemountain,Wuzhoulooksmorebeautiful.,surprised,surprising,frightened,frightening,pleasing,pleased,developing,developed,fallen,falling,Seen,_(see)thepolicemancoming,thethiefranawayquickly.42.Heisverylazyandheoftenhashisclothes_(wash).43.Heissolazythatheoftenhashismother_(wash)hisclothes.44.Theteacherhadme_(take)therubbishaway.45.Thefatherhadhisson_(stand)asapunishment.46.Thechildrenthemselveshadtomakeahouse_(live)in.Thismademe_(feel)verysad.,Seeing,washed,wash,take,standing,tolive,feel,47.Theboyisalways_(worry)hismotherbynotworkinghard.48.Theboyisalways_(worry)abouthismothershealth.49.Theyare_(seat)meansTheyare_(sit).50.A_(lose)childmeansa_(miss)child.,worrying,worrid,seated,sitting,lost,missing,Toteachismyjob.,Weliketoplayfootball.,Yourtaskistocleantheclassroom.,Doyouhavean