实用大学英语写作.ppt

CollegeEnglishPracticalWriting,-CET-4/6-,一概况,1.要求：考生在写作方面能做笔记，写提纲，能就一定的话题或提纲在30分钟内写出不低于120词的短文，另外，考生能够写短信和便条。并且，写出的文章要内容切题，文字通顺，表达正确，语义连贯，无重大语言错误。,2.CET-4写作演变与趋势,二评分原则,1.CET-4检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规定的四级教学要求，对作文的评判以此要求为准则。,2.CET-4作文题采用总体评分(GlobalScoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分(AwardScores)，而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。,3.该给高分的给高分，包括满分；该给低分的给低分，包括零分。,三评分标准,1.满分15分。2.阅卷标准共分五档次：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分，依作文水平可在本档次内上下浮动1分。,3.细化评分标准：,2分-条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。,5分-基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。,8分-基本切题。有些地方表达不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。,11分-切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14分-切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。,4.字数不足酌情扣分,四题型把握,1命题范围（1）学习与校园生活（2）社会发展变化（3）常识、格言()社会热点,2.命题体裁,（1）论说文（2）记叙文（3）图表作文（4）应用文,3.作文类型模块化,（1）对立观点型（2）问题解决型（3）说明利弊型（4）阐述主题型（5）图表八股型（6）应用直白型（7）夹叙夹议型,五写作步骤,1审题2构思3选择合适框架4下笔5检查修改,六高分要诀-闪光点的凸现,句型的使用连贯性的处理遣词干涩、枯燥文句的处理语法规范的文句,1.以there开始的句型2.以数词和量词开始的句型3.以介词开始的句型4.以副词和副词短语开始的句型,句型的使用,句型的使用,5.以although,if,when,while,nowthat,since及as引导的句型6.it做形式主语和做形式宾语7.反问句8.非谓语做状语9.倒装,句型的使用,10.Themore,themore11.虚拟语气12.插入13.并列14.强调15.各种修辞手段,连贯性的处理,举例asanillustration;toillustrate;namely;asaproof;incidentally;agoodcaseinpoint;specifically;forinstance;forexample;suchas,连贯性的处理,次序first(ly);firstofall;firstandforemost;firstofall;inthefirstplace;inthebeginning;tostartwith;tobeginwith;presently;currently;atpresent;temporarily;immediately;comparativelyeventually;lastbutnottheleast;lately,连贯性的处理,原因for;as;since;nowthat;onaccountof;giventhat;owingto;dueto;thanksto;because;becauseof;inthat;consideringthat;seeingthat,连贯性的处理,强调aboveall;understandably;obviously;asamatteroffact;literally;surely;actually;factually;virtually;truly;theoretically;particularly;inparticular;predictably;practically;undoubtedly;,连贯性的处理,增补besides;equallyimportant;inaddition;furthermore;whatsmore;moreover;additionally;inotherwords;likewise;toputitanotherway;torepeat;,连贯性的处理,对比或对照bycontrast;incontrast;conversely;yet;ontheotherhand;otherwise;whereas;notonly,butalso;bycomparison;inthesameway;inthesamemanner;while;meanwhile;atthesametime;instead;onthecontrary;similarly;likewise;unlike;,连贯性的处理,转折或让步afterall;although;butfor;though;clearly;inspiteof;nevertheless;however;still;exceptfor;onthecontrary;orelse;inasense;otherwise;yet;atanyrate;inanycase;Itistruethat,but;Truethat,but,连贯性的处理,结论或结果accordingly;asaresult;consequently;inconsequence;therefore;inthisway;hence;forthis(these)reason(s);inshort;ashasbeenmentioned/noted/statedabove;eventually;intheend;inaword;allinall;,连贯性的处理,结论或结果inbrief;inconclusion;toconclude;onthewhole;atlength;personally;insum;tosumup;insummary;briefly;ingeneral;generally;generallyspeaking;,遣词,因为关于经常很;非常越来越应该当前;现在许许多多大部分一些,onaccountof;owingto;inthat;seeingthatconcerning;surrounding;regardingfrequently;commonly;normallyexceptionally;significantly;extremelyincreasingly;anincreasingnumberofbesupposed/expected/obliged/todocurrently;presently;atpresentagreatmany;manya;alargenumberofAvast/AnoverwhelmingmajorityofAnumberof;quiteafew;,干涩、枯燥文句的处理,1.句型延伸Heisastudent.2.添加副词与形容词W