2010届高考单项选择解题指导课件.ppt

2010届高考单项选择解题指导,江苏省镇江一中高三英语备课组,众观历年高考英语试题，单项选择题在其中占有举足轻重的地位，考查的主要是英语基础知识，但是该题型得分率并不高，究其原因，主要是答题者没有掌握一定的答题技巧，不能灵活做题。因此，在老师平时的各种练习或试题评讲过程中，我们应在老师的指导下学会从多角度去分析单项选题，掌握一些解题技巧，养成良好的解题习惯，提高解题能力,力争做到举一反三，一题多用，达到事半功倍之效果。Everypointcounts.,单项选择题,还原再现法,语境分析法,标点提示法,克服思维定势法,依据习惯用法,结构简化法,结构简化法即去掉句子的修饰或插入成分，找出句子主干，从而简化句子结构。,StrategyOne,1.Theexcitingmoment_atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.comes,welookedforwardto,2.Thewriter，whomIoftenrefertoatthemeetings,_famousforthoseworksAisBareCamDwere,(,),3.Heoftenstandsagainstthefenceandtalksendlesslywithmyfather_gardeningproblems.AtoBtooCaboutDoff,(,),StrategyTwo,还原再现法即通过转换句型还原句子本来面目，以便理解句意，从而降低难度。一般有以下6种情况。,如：1.Whomwouldyouratherhave_withyou?A.togoB.goC.goneD.going,分析：测试的知识点是使役动词have后跟非谓语动词形式作宾语补足语的用法。havesb.dosth.拓展：havesb./sth.done/havesb./sth.doing/havesb./sth.todo,还原为：Youwouldratherhavewhom_withyou.,一、将疑问句改成陈述句,1.Timeshouldbemadegooduseof_ourlessonswell.A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.learns,Weshouldmakegooduseoftime_ourlessonwell.,C,二、改被动句为主动句,1.Itwas_theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathomeArepairBrepairingCtorepairDinrepair,还原为：Theoldmanspentthewholemorning_theoldclockathome,判断一个句子是不是强调句型的最佳办法-去掉题干中的Itis(was).that(who)，如果句子仍然成立-表达完整的意思，则是强调句型；否则，则不是强调句型。,三、强调句型还原成简单句式,注意比较下面例子：2.Itwas2004_youjoinedthefootballclubItwasin2004_youjoinedthefootballclub.AwhoBthatCwhenDwhich,分析：第一句运用还原法，去掉Itwas.(that)即可看出句意不完整(2004前需加in)，故此句不是强调句型，而是一个含有when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句。第二句则明显是一个强调句。,C,B,whatlittleTomsaidtohismothersounded!AWhatreasonableBHowareasonableCHowreasonableDWhatareasonable,WhatlittleTomsaidtohismothersounded!很容易发现sound之后应接形容词作表语。,四、感叹句还原为陈述句,ThatwaswehadinLondon3yearsago!AwonderfultimeBawonderfultimeCwonderfulDwonderfully,可还原为：WehadawonderfultimeinLondon3yearsago。可看出该复合句中有一固定搭配hadawonderfultime（玩得愉快），定语从句中省略了关系代词that。,五、固定短语还原,六、还原省略成分,1.-Whatmadeyousohappy?-_.A.Becauseofmypassingtheexam.B.Ipassedtheexam.C.BecauseIpassedtheexam.D.Mypassingtheexam.,(mademesohappy),2.Iftheweatherisfine,wellgo.If_,_.A.not,notB.no,noC.not,noD.no,not,Ifitischeap,Illbuyit.Ifnot,not.Ifyoustudyhard,youllsucceed.Ifnot,not.,语境分析法即根据实际语境，找到关键信息，从而准确答题。,StrategyThree,1.（原题）-WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?-_wayasyouplease.(2004福建)（改编）-WhichofthetwowaysshallItaketothevillage?-_wayasyouplease.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Either,D,C,不同的语境传达不同的信息,注意比较:,2.（原题）HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?Ihavenoidea.He_itthismorning.（NMET2004全国II）A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone,C,A,（改编）HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?Yes.He_itthismorning.,即根据句子中的标点符号，如逗号，分号，破折号等，从而正确理解句子含义。,标点提示法,StrategyFour,1.Tomhasmanyfriends;_canhelphim.A.fewofwhichB.fewofwhomC.fewofthatD.fewofthem,2._isknowntousall，Aliceisthemostbeautifulgirlinourschool.A.ItB.ThatC.AsD.which3._isknowntousallthatAliceisthemostbeautifulgirlinourschool.A.ItB.ThatC.AsD.which,C,A,StrategyFive,克服思维定势法即解题时不能按照已有的思维模式，不能受母语思维或自己已有的英语知识的干扰而产生思维定势，而是要仔细分析句子，从而不落入出题人的圈套。,1.Thecountrylifehewasusedto_greatlysince1992.(2005山东卷)A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged,解析易受sbbeusedtodoing的影响而误选C。根据句意和结构可知,hewasusedto为定语从句，修饰先行词thecountrylife。此空格应填谓语动词。,2.Mr.Smithis_agoodteacher_weallrespect.A.such,thatB.such,asC.so,thatD.so,as,3.Mr.Smithis_agoodteacher_weallrespecthim.,A,4Isthereashoparound_wecanbuysometoiletarticles?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what,StrategySix,依据习惯用法即根据英语语言的习惯用法，避免汉语式表达。,1.-Itsgettinglate.ImafraidImustbegoingnow.(2004全国）-OK._A.Takeiteasy.B.Goslowly.C.Staylonger.D.Seeyou.,2.Illcometoseeyouif_.A.youreconvenientB.itisconvenientforyouC.youfeelconvenientD.itisconvenientwithyou,3.Hewantstomovehouse,becausehehatesthe_here.A.crowdedtrafficB.crowdedtrafficsC.busytrafficD.busytraffics,一.应注意全面审题,克服顾前不顾后或只顾结构和形式、不考虑语言意义和情景提示的思维习惯;二.充分依据题中信息找出提示，或者全面考虑找出暗示;三.特别注意主从句、插入语、时态、标点符号和一些复杂成分的干扰。,Practicemakesperfect!,Summary,1._smokingherewillbefined.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.Whoever2.Isthisthefactory_wevisitedlastweek.A.whereB.inwhichC.theoneD.that3.Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek.A.whereB.inwhichC.theoneD.that,Pleasehaveatry.,5.Imetseveralpeoplethereandtwoof_wereforeigners.A.whomB.themC.whoD.which,4.Imetseveralpeoplethere,twoof_wereforeigners.A.whomB.themC.whoD.which,6.Tomwasingreatneedofmoney,sohe_$5,000forhiscar.A.paidB.tookC.costD.spend7.Whowouldyourather_yourepairyourCDplayer?A.helpB.helpedC.helpingD.tohelp,8.Maryisverycleverand_worthteaching,butherbrotherisnot.Look,heisnow_asleepinclass.A.very,veryB.much,veryC.well,veryD.well,fast,9.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay_matters.thatB.whatC.whichD.this10.Th