2011高考英语必看之-定语从句.ppt

,林南仓中学英语组王玉海,定语从句TheAttributiveClause,定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”1.从句的位置:2.构成：,先行词之后,关系词,关系代词关系副词,HowmanykindsofAttributiveclausesarethere?,定语从句,TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句,TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句,关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因,who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，ofwhichwherewhenwhy,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,themachine,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,that/which,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,that/which,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,that/who/whom,Thegirl,Correctmistakes,1.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.2.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.3.Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore.4.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.,whom,whose,it,who,关系词的用法,关系代词,1.All_canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?,that,that,先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,关系代词,1.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,关系代词,Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.,that,先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时,引导定语从句用that。,关系代词,1.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing_sufferspain,death,harm,etc.,that,that,先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.,关系代词,1.Who_youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?2.Who_youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?,that,that,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that,1.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_costmemorethan100Yuan.2.MrSmith,_gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.3.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,_Ihaventmetforalongtime.,关系代词,which,who,Who/Whom,在非限制性定语句中，指物用which，指人用whowhom,As引导的非限制性定语从句,Theearthisround,_isknowntoall._isknowntoall,theearthisround_isknowntoallthattheearthisround.,as,As,It,主语从句,ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,As引导的限制性定语从句,As引导的限制性定语从句,Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllikeit.,as,that,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,定语从句,结果状语从句,1.Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon_shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.,关系代词,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,注意：如何判断介词,Thisisthebook_whichyouasked,1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,for,注意：动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前,2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_whichIamnotveryfamiliar.,with,3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,Thisisourclassroom,_whichthereisateachersdesk.,inthefrontof,关系副词,AfterlivinginParisfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when,B,先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句,在从句做状语,关系副词,Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear,_forthefirsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when,D,先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，在从句作状语。,关系副词,Thisisthereason_Ididntcomehere.A.whatB.whyC.whichD.when,B,先行词是表示原因的词，用why引导定语从句，在从句作状语。,whose引导的定语从句,表示所属关系,Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.,whose,Thereareinthisclass20students,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.ThebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose,注意1,区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句：Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。,Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.,状语从句,定语从句,注意2：,指时间或地点作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentwithyou.Illneverforgetthetime_wasspentwithyou.Thisisthemuseum_Ivisitedlastyear.,when,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,注意3：,why引导的定语从句,Thisisthereason(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.,which/that,why,注意4：,定语从句中的动词的数,Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho_(have)gottheteacherspraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_(have)gottheteacherspraise,has,have,Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho_thepianowell.A.playsB.playC.playingD.areplaying3.Inthedarkstreettherewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom4.Thatscientist_workissucce