陕西省汉中市铺镇初级中学中考英语专题复习动词课件.ppt

动词,动词的分类,1.系动词2.实义动词（及物和不及物）3.助动词4.情态动词,系动词：连系表语的词。系动词有词义，不能独立做谓语。Heiswrong.(系词+表语做谓语),一、系动词,be（am,is,are,was,were）感官动词(look,smell,taste,sound,feel,seem)表示发展变化的词(turn,get,keep,become),系动词,他是强壮的。Heisstrong.你必须保持健康。Youmustkeephealthy.树叶变绿了。Theleavesturngreen.莉莉似乎很生气。Lilyseemsveryangry.,Exercise,1.Autumniscoming,theleaves_yellow.2.Thegirl_beautiful.3.Thefood_delicious.4.Autumniscoming,it_colderandcolder.5.Thatsong_well.,turn,looks,tastes,gets,sounds,二、实义动词,能独立做谓语的词，按句法作用分为及物和不及物动词。,Ihither.Hecuthisfinger.Thesunrises.,及物vt.,不及物vi.,及物vt.,A-A-A,hurt-hurt-hurt（受伤、伤害）,A-B-B,say-said-saidstand-stood-stoodspend-spent-spentthink-thought-thoughtbuy-bought-boughtbring-brought-broughtcatch-caught-caughtteach-taught-taught,hold-held-heldlend-lent-lentsend-sent-sentleave-left-leftmeet-met-metsweep-swept-sweptsleep-slept-sleptkeep-kept-kept,A-B-C,Orise-rose-risenwrite-wrote-writtenspeak-spoke-spokensteal-stole-stolenOride-rode-riddenOdrive-drove-drivensing-sang-sung,Otake-took-takenOgive-gave-givenfly-flew-flownOknow-knew-knownOthrow-threw-throwneat-ate-eatenforget-forgot-forgotten,三、助动词,Ilikeit.其中like是实意动词，如何变否定疑问.用do来帮助它，我们把do、does、did等称为助动词。Idontlikeit.Doyoulikeit?,助动词，无词义，不能独立做谓语，帮助构成时（态），语（态），否（定句）和疑（问句）。常见助动词有五个，be,do,have,shall,will.be构成被动与进行，do构成疑问和否定have构成现在完成时，shall,will表示将来时,be(am/is/are/was/were),1.Iamwateringtheflowers.帮助构成（现在/过去）进行时。2.Tomwashitbyhisfatheryesterday.帮助构成被动语态。小测试：SheisLily.(is是助动词吗？)答案：NO.,have/has/had,Ihaveabook.其中have是助动词吗？答案：NO.have/had+V.过去分词现在完成时/过去完成时其中have是助动词吗？答案：YES.,will/shall,用于一般将来时态。will用于所有人称，shall只用于第一人称。Shewillfinishherhomeworkintenminutes.ShallItakeanumbrella?,四、情态动词,ShecanspeakFrenchandIcant.什么叫情态动词？表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等情感或状态。,情态动词的特征,HecanspeakEnglishwell,butIcant.Wemuststayhere.情态动词有词义，不能单独做谓语，无人称和数的变化，后面必须接动词原形。,can/could/beableto,1.三个都表“能力”could是can的过去式。eg:IcouldntspeakEnglish.IcanspeakEnglishnow.将来能力使用shall/will/beableto.eg:IwillbeabletospeakFrench.,2.can/could表“请求、允许”could比can更委婉。eg:CouldIborrowyourbook?3.can/could表“怀疑、推测”可能性cantbeeg:ItcantbeLilysbag.,may/might,1.表“请求、许可”might比may更委婉、客气。eg:MayIcomein?MightIcomein?2.“可能”，表推测。可能性maybemightbeeg:Hemaycometomorrow.Hemightcometomorrow.,must/haveto,必须,不得不,1.must表个人意志和主观上的必要，意为“必须”“应该”用于一般现在时；Imustgonow.2.haveto表客观上的必要。意为“必须”“不得不”除可用于现在时外，还可以表将来时shall/willhaveto和过去式hadto。,1.这台电视机不能用了，我们必须买台新的。ThisTVdoesntwork.Wehavetobuyanewone.2.那时我们必须买台新的。Wehadtobuyanewone.3.我们将不得不买台新的。Wewillhavetobuyanewone.,I_studyhard,becauseIwanttogotoBeijingUniversity.I_goshopping,becausethefridgeisemptynow.,must,haveto,should/would/oughtto,1.Youarehismother,you_lookafterhim.2.Youareastudent,you_studyhard.3.Shewouldbegladifyou_helpher.,应该,愿意,理所应当,oughtto,should,would,情态动词表推测,mustbe,cantbe,maybe,mightbe,dare,need,既可作情态动词，又可作行为动词。做情态动词，无人称、数变化，主要用于否定句和