中考英语一轮复习八下Units7-8课件.ppt

第十四讲八年级(下)Units78,1.task(近义词)n.work/job2waitressn.男服务生waiterv.等候wait3annoyadj.生气的；恼怒的annoyedadj.使生气的；使恼怒的annoying4polite(反义词)adj.impoliteadv.有礼貌地；客气地politely5behaviorv.举止；表现behave,12clearlyadj.清楚的clear13winnerv.赢；获胜win14suggestn.建议；提议suggestion,1.butthereareotherplaceswheretalkingloudlyisnotallowed.(Unit7)allow意为“允许”，具体用法如下：allowsb.todosth.允许某人干某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事beallowedtodosth.被允许做某事allowsb.sth.allowsth.tosb.给某人某物；让某人得到某物Myparentswontallowmetostayoutlate.,我的父母不允许我在外面待很晚。Wedontallowsmokinghere.我们不允许在此吸烟。Thestudentsareallowedtodesigntheirownuniforms.学生们被允许设计他们自己的校服。,2.itisbettertokeepyourvoicedowninpublicplaces.(Unit7)(1)Itsbettertodosth.相当于hadbetterdosth.意为“最好干某事”。本句也可表达为：youdbetterkeepyourvoicedowninpublicplaces。(2)keep.down意为“控制；抑制”，与keep连用的短语还有：keepoff意为“(使)离开；(使)不接近”；keepout意为“不让进入”；keepon意为“继续(做某事)”等。如：,Keepyourdogoffthegrass.别让你的狗进入草地。Keepthatdogoutofmystudy.别让那条狗进入我的书房。Itwasraininghard，buttheykeptonworking.雨下得很大，但他们仍继续工作。,【辨析】voice，sound，noise与shout四者都可以表示“声音”，区别如下：voice指人的嗓音或说话、唱歌时发出的声音，也可指鸟鸣声。Ididntrecognizehervoiceonthetelephone.sound泛指人们听到的大自然的任何“声音”。可以指人和动物的声音，也可以指物体碰撞发出的声音等。Soundtravelsslowerthanlight.,noise指人们不愿听到的、不悦耳的“噪音”，如嘈杂声、喧哗声、吵闹声等。Thereissomuchnoiseinthisrestaurant，Icanhardlyhearyoutalking.这个餐厅太吵了，我几乎听不到你说话。shout指人或动物的叫喊，也可指予以警告或引起注意而发出的叫喊。Suddenly，thepatientraisedashoutofpain.突然，病人发出痛苦的叫声。,3Later，thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.以后，这份礼物或许会被赠送给别人。(Unit8)这是一个含有情态动词may的被动语态的句子，其中giveaway是固定短语，意为“赠送；分发”。如：Mr.Brownoftengivesawaymoneytothepoor.布朗先生经常把钱分给穷人。,【拓展】give构成的短语：giveup放弃；中止givein让步；屈服giveout分发；发出(气体、光、热等)giveback归还Myfatherhasgivenupdrinking.我父亲已经戒酒了。Thesungivesoutlightandheat.太阳发出光和热。,4IntheUSA，somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthanbuythemgifts.在美国，一些人要求家人和朋友把钱捐给慈善机构而不是给他们买礼物。(Unit8)ratherthan是一个并列连词，用法比较复杂，现归纳如下：,ratherthan与would连用时，构成“wouldrather.than.”句式，意为“宁愿而不愿”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。如：Iwouldratherstayathomethangotothepark.我宁愿待在家里，也不愿去公园。,ratherthan不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式等。如：Heisanexplorerratherthanasailor.与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。ratherthan后可跟带to或不带to的不定式。,ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。如：YouratherthanIaregoingtothezoo.是你而不是我要去动物园。5Instead，makingamealisenough.相反，做顿饭已经足够了。(Unit8),insteadadv.意为“代替；取而代之的是”，在句中充当状语，常用在句末。如：HedidnttraveltoDalian，butwenttoHangzhouinstead.他没有去大连旅行，反而去了杭州。,【辨析】instead与insteadofinstead意为“代替”，是副词。在句中作状语，通常位于句尾。位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开，在顺接句子中作“代替”讲，而在转折句子中作“然而”讲。insteadof是介词短语，其后要接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。用insteadof时，of后面的事情是不去做的。Heistootiredtogo；letmegoinstead.他太累了，去不了，让我去吧。,Wewentthereonfootinsteadoftakingabus.我们没乘公交车，而是步行去了那儿。有时二者可以进行转换。如：Shewentswimminginsteadofplayingtennis.Shedidntplaytennis.Shewentswimminginstead.她去游泳了，而没有打网球。,6ThiskindofcontestencouragespeopleinChinatospeakEnglish.这种比赛鼓励中国人讲英语。(Unit8)encouragesb.todosth.意为“鼓励某人干某事”。如：Peter，myEnglishteacher，neverfailstoencourageustostudyhard.我的英文老师彼得总是鼓励我们要好好学习。,【拓展】couragen勇气；胆量；encouragedadj.受鼓舞的；encouragingadj.鼓舞人心的encouragesb.insth.在某方面鼓励某人Myparentsalwaysencouragemeinmystudy.,八年级下(78单元)(训练时间：60分钟分值：100分),基础知识过关一、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词(8分)1Itisp_tosay“Please”whenyouaskforsomething.2WhatsthedifferencebetweentheA_elephantsandAfricanelephants?3Icannota_youtodothat.4Bec_thatyoudontdropit.5Thisletterisp_,_andIdontwantanyoneelsetoreadit.,polite,Asian,allow,careful,personal,6Isthereanythings_inthepaperstoday?7Wer_muchhelpfromourteacher.8Icantdecidewhichonetoc_.二、根据汉语提示完成句子(14分)1她请求邻居把收音机关小点声。Sheaskedherneighborto_theradio.2孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳。Thechildren_manyseashellsattheseashore.3起初我不知道怎样做，但渐渐地我就习惯了。,special,received,choose,turndown,pickedup,_Ididntknowhowtodoit.ByandbyIhavegotusedtoit.4我们得谨慎，免得让人听见。Wemust_toletnobodyhearaboutthis.5我从来没听过这样的事。Inever_suchathing.6这位老教师把他的全部藏书捐送给了学校。Theoldteacher_allhisbookstotheschool.7他太累，在汽车里睡着了。Hewassotiredthathe_inthecar.,Atfirst,takecare,heardof,gaveaway,fellasleep,三、句型转换(10分)1Couldyoupickupthepaper？(改为同义句)_upthepaper?2Wouldyoumindwearingthatoldhat？(改为否定句)Wouldyoumind_thatoldhat?3Whydontyougetherascarf？(改为同义句)_getherascarf?4Ishouldgetmymothersome_flowersonMothersDay.(就画线部分提问)_you_yourmotheronMothersDay?,Wouldyoumindpicking,notwearing,Whynot,Whatshould,get,5Bettywassoangrythatshecouldntsayaword.(改为同义句)Bettywas_angry_sayaword.综合能力提高一、单项选择(10分)1Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?_Itsnotallowedhere.AOfcoursenot.BBetternot.CYes,please.DNo,notatall.【解析】考查交际用语。由答语“这儿不允许。”可知，,too,to,回答是否定的。故用Betternot.意思是“最好不要。”【答案】B2(2011清远)Iwanttowatchthebasketballmatch.Wouldyouplease_theTV?AturnonBturnoffCturndownDturnup【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意为“我想看篮球赛，请打开电视，好吗？”“打开”为turnon。【答案】A,3WouldyoupleasebringyourCDsboughtinHongKongtometomorrow?Idliketohavealook._.Iwillintroducesomethingtoyou.ANotatallBNoproblemCNowayDNevermind【解析】考查交际用语。由答语“我将向你作一些介绍。”可知，答语是肯定的，故用Noproblem.意为“没问题。”【答案】B,4Thisboxis_heavyformetocarry.Canyouhelpme?Certainly.AsoBmuchCveryDtoo【解析】考查too.to.的用法。too.to.表示“太而不能”。句意为“这箱子太重了我搬不动，你能帮我吗？”“当然可以。”【答案】D,5Jenny,please_youryoungsistercarefully.OK,Mum.AtakeafterBtakecareofCtakefrom【解析】考查固定短语。takecareof意为“照看，照顾”。句意为“杰尼，请小心照看你的妹妹。”“好的，妈妈。”故选B。【答案】B,6(2011贵阳)“Foryourcomingvacation，why_comingtoGuiyang？”“Goodidea！”AnotconsiderBdontconsiderCtoconsider【解析】这里考查的是whynotdo结构，B和C选项的结构都是错的。【答案】A,7(2011广安)Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?_.Pleasedoitnow.AOfcoursenotBYes，IdoCCertainly【解析】考查情境交际。根据句意“我打开窗户你介意吗？”“当然不介意。打开就行”。A是委婉的回答。【答案】A,8(2011安顺)Dinnerisready.Helpyourself!Wow！It_delicious.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtocookit?AtastesBlooksCsoundsDfeels【解析】考查词义辨析。根据句意“你能告诉我怎样做的吗？”说明它应该尝起来非常美味。【答案】A,9_listeningandspeakingmore,wehavemanyotherwaystoimproveourEnglish.ABesidesBExceptCButDFor【解析】考查词义辨析。besides“除了之外，还有”；except“除了”，but“但是”；for“为了”。故选A。【答案】A10(2011哈尔滨)Englishpeoplecantgiveuphamburgersorfriedchickenbecausetheyredelicious.However，theFrencharechanging.Theyarentinterestedin_foodlikebefore.AfastBhealthyCnatural,【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意为“英国人依然留恋汉堡和炸鸡，因为它们非常美味。而法国人在改变。他们不再像从前那样对快餐感兴趣了。”故选A。【答案】A二、完形填空(30分)(2011宁波)WhenIwasabout12yearsold，Ireallywantedanewbike！I_1_myparentsmybirthdaywish，butIknewtherewaslittlehopebecausemyfamilycould_2_havethatmoney.Onmybirthdaymyparentstoldmetheyhadmy_3_outsideinthebackyard.AtonceI_4_outtotheyard.,love，itdoesntmatterwhatitisinfact.Whatmattersisthelovethatisinit.Iliketorememberthis_14_becausegivingagiftisnotaboutmoney.Itsabouthowmuchloveyoucanfeelfromit.Doremember，agiftthat_15_twodollarsisntanylessvaluable(有价值的)thanonethatcostsonehundreddollars，orevenmore.1A.talkedBspokeCsaidDtold【解析】本题考查易混动词辨析。talk，speak，say和tell这四个动词中只有tell能跟双宾语。此处句意为“我告诉了我父母我的生日愿望”。故选D。【答案】D,2A.hardlyBquicklyCslowlyDeasily【解析】本题考查副词的用法。句意为“但是我知道几乎没有希望，因为家里几乎没有买自行车的钱。”hardly“几乎不”，符合句意，故选A。【答案】A3A.guitarBgiftCcakeDcard【解析】句意为“在我生日那天，我的父母告诉我他们给我买了礼物，放在外面的后院里。”gift“礼物”符合题意。【答案】B,4A.rushedBrodeCclimbedDcame【解析】因为父母赠给礼物，“我”的心情很激动，所以急切地冲向后院，故选A。【答案】A5A.andBorCbutDbecause【解析】那儿尽管有辆自行车，但却不是“我”理想中的自行车，表转折关系用but。故选C。【答案】C6A.excitingBinterestingCrelaxingDdisappointing,【解析】那辆又旧又破的自行车不是“我”理想中的自行车，所以disappointing“令人失望的”符合题意。故选D。【答案】D7A.likedBhatedChurtDthanked【解析】联系上下文可知，那辆自行车尽管又旧又破，却满载着父母的爱，“我”却感到失望，这伤害了“我”父母的感情。故选C。【答案】C8A.onBinCatDfor【解析】本题考查介词的用法。ononesface是固定短语，意为“在某人脸上”。故选A。,【答案】A9A.gotinBgotonCgotoffDgotup【解析】本题考查由get构成的动词短语的用法。getin“收获，进入”；geton“上车”；getoff“下车”；getup“起床，起来”。由句意“我上了那辆旧自行车并骑着它”可知选B。【答案】B10A.surprisedBexcitedChappyDbad【解析】本题考查表达人的感受的形容词的用法。因为“我”的失望让父母也感到失望，所以“我”骑在自行车上心情不好，故选D。【答案】D,11A.lookaheadBlookbackCcomeupDcomedown【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。lookahead“向前看”；lookback“向后看”；comeup“过来”；comedown“下来”。句意为“所以我带着微笑尽可能快地骑车，头也不回”lookback符合句意。【答案】B,12A.anythingBnothingCsomethingDeverything【解析】本题考查不定代词的用法。anything“任何东西/事情”；nothing“没有东西/事情”；something“某种东西/事情”；everything“一切东西/事情”。由句意“随着时间的推移，我开始明白我父母给了我比一辆生锈的旧自行车更多的东西”知选C。【答案】C,13A.loveBmoneyCfriendshipDknowledge【解析】根据下文“Whenyougivesomethingoutoflove，itdoesntmatterwhatitisinfact.Whatmattersisthelovethatisinit.”以及“Itsabouthowmuchloveyoucanfeelfromit.”可知他们给“我”上了一堂关于爱的生活课，故选A。【答案】A14A.ideaBnewsCadviceDstory【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。根据短文内容可知这是发生在作者生活中的一件事，而不是“想法”“新闻”或“建议”。故选D。【答案】D,15A.spendsBcostsCpaysDoffers【解析】本题考查易混动词辨析。spend，cost，pay这三个词都有“花费”的意思，但只有cost的主语是物，有“价值，值钱”的意思，根据句意“一件价值两美元的礼物”可知选B。offer“提供”，不符合题意。【答案】B三、阅读理解(8分)(2011温州)DIY，whichmeansDoItYourself，isquitepopularinUK.LotsofstoresandsupermarketssellDIYthings.TVprogramsshowpeoplehowtoDIY.,EnglishpeoplelikeDIY.ThereisasayinginUK“AnEnglishmanshomeishiscastle”Hugenumbersofpeoplespendtheirholidaysmakingtheirhomesbeautiful“castles”Ifthereisanythingthatneedsfixingaroundtheirhouses，suchaspaintingthewallsorputtinginanewshower，theywilldothejobsthemselves.TheyshareDIYexperienceswiththeirfriends.MoreandmorepeoplehavediscoveredthejoyofDIY.SometimespeoplealsoDIYforsavingmoney.Withtheeconomicdownturnatpresent，manypeoplecannotaffordtobuyabiggerhouse.Theyarelookingathowtheycanmaketheirhousesbetterwithoutspendingalotofmoney.,ItisnotsurprisingthatDIYissopopular.DIYcanbedifficult.ThereisahugemarketforDIYfurniturewhichpeopleneedtoputtogetherthemselveswithafewbasictools.However，peopleoftenfinditnoteasytobuildapieceoffurniturebecausetheycantunderstandtheinstructions.Sometimestheinstructionsaresimpleandclear，butthefurnitureitselfisdifficulttobuild.Onethingisforsure，thoughmostDIYprojectsarestartedwiththebestintentions，manyofthemmaynotgetfinished.DIYcanalsobedangerous.Forexample，anythingelectricalshouldbedone,byaprofessionalworker.Unluckily，manypeopledontcareaboutthiswarningandputthemselvesindanger.Itisreportedthatinjustoneyearover230,000peoplewerehurtwhiledoingDIYinUK，including41,000whofelloffladders.Therefore，DIYcanbringusfunandhelpussavemoney，butitisnotalwaysaseasyasitisthoughttobeifwebiteoffmorethanwecanchew.MaybefactoriesshouldmakeproductsthatareeasierandsaferforustoDIY.,1HowdomanyEnglishpeoplespendtheirholidaysaccordingtothepassage?AMakingtheirhomesbeautiful.BVisitingtheirfriends.CTravellingallovertheworld.DMakingalotofmoney.【解析】由第二段的第三句“Hugenumbersofpeoplespendtheirholidaysmakingtheirhomesbeautifulcastles”可知许多英国人利用假期时间使他们的房子变美，故选A。【答案】A,2WhydoEnglishpeoplelikeDIY?AManystoressellDIYthings.BDIYcanbringthemfun.CTVprogramsteachthemtoDIY.DAllDIYprojectsareeasy.【解析】根据第二段中“MoreandmorepeoplehavediscoveredthejoyofDIY.”可以判断英国人喜欢DIY的原因是DIY能给他们带来乐趣。故选B。【答案】B,3Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?ADIYisawasteofmoney.BItisalwaysdifficulttoDIY.CWeshouldbecarefulwhiledoingDIY.DItsverysafeforustoDIY.【解析】根据第三段的内容“DIYcanalsobedangerous.”和“Itisreportedthatinjustoneyearover230,000peoplewerehurtwhiledoingDIYinUK，including41,000whofelloffladders.