浙江大学医学院的系列医学2版.ppt

1,CardiovascularSystem,JingLiApr.20.2010jing.liDepartmentofHumanAnatomy,Artery,2,Artery,Characteristics:SymmetryInthetrunkofthebodyconsistparietalandvisceralbranchesShortestpossiblecourseRunonflexorsurfacesUsuallydonotpassdirectlythroughmuscles,avoidingcompressionTogetherwiththeveinsandnervesinasheathoffasciatoformneurovascularbundle,3,Artery,ArteriesofpulmonarycirculationArteriesofsystemiccirculation,4,Arteriesofpulmonarycirculation,PulmonarytrunkArisesfromrightventricleBifurcatesinferiortoaorticarchintorightandleftpulmonaryarteries,oneforeachlung,5,Arteriesofpulmonarycirculation,arterialligament动脉韧带,6,Arteriesofsystemiccirculation,Aorta主动脉originbranchesascendingaorta升主动脉aorticarch主动脉弓descendingaorta降主动脉,头臂干brachiocephalictrunk颈总动脉commoncarotida.锁骨下动脉subclaviana.胸主动脉thoracica.腹主动脉abdominala.髂总动脉commoniliaca.,7,Arteriesofsystemiccirculation,Bloodsupply：颈总动脉headandneckcommoncarotida.锁骨下动脉upperlimbsubclaviana.胸主动脉thoraxthoracicaorta腹主动脉abdomenabdominalaorta髂外动脉lowerlimbexternaliliaca.髂内动脉pelvisinternaliliaca.,8,Ascendingaorta,rightcoronaryarteryleftcoronaryartery,9,Aortaarch,brachiocephalictrunk（头臂干）右颈总动脉右锁骨下动脉leftcommoncarotida.（左颈总动脉）leftsubclaviana.（左锁骨下动脉）,1,2,3,10,commoncarotidartery,Branchesinternalcarotidartery颈内动脉externalcarotidartery颈外动脉,甲状软骨,carotidsinus颈动脉窦,颈总动脉末端和颈内动脉起始部膨大部分。压力感受器。血压增高时兴奋，可反射性地引起心跳减慢、末梢血管扩张，血压下降。,一个扁椭圆形小体，借结缔组织连于颈动脉杈的后方。化学感受器。感受血液中CO2,O2分压和H+浓度变化。当血液中CO2增高或O2分压降低时，反射性地促使呼吸加深加快。,carotidglomus颈动脉小球,甲状腺,11,externalcarotidartery,Branches:superiorthyroida.甲状腺上动脉linguala.舌动脉faciala.面动脉occipitala.枕动脉posteriorauriculara.耳后动脉maxillarya.上颌动脉superficialtemporala.颞浅动脉,12,externalcarotidartery颈外动脉,Middlemeningealartery脑膜中动脉,13,subclavianartery锁骨下动脉,originMainbranches,椎动脉vertebrala.胸廓内动脉internalthoracica.甲状颈干thyrocervicaltrunk,axillaryartery,14,axillaryartery腋动脉,thoracoacromiala.胸肩峰动脉lateralthoracica.胸外侧动脉subscapulara.肩胛下动脉posteriorhumeralcircunflexa.旋肱后动脉,Mainbranches,15,brachialartery肱动脉,pathwayMainbranchesdeepbrachiala.肱深动脉,前臂出血的压迫止血点。测血压的听诊部位及其血管。,radiala.桡动脉ulnara.尺动脉,肱动脉,肱深动脉,桡动脉,尺动脉,16,radialartery桡动脉,Superficialpalmarbranch掌浅支Principala.ofthumb拇主要动脉常选切脉部位(位置、血管名称),ulnarartery尺动脉,Commoninterosseousa.骨间总动脉Deeppalmarbranch掌深支,17,superficialpalmararch掌浅弓,由尺动脉末端与桡动脉掌浅支吻合而成。位于掌腱膜深面，弓的凸缘约平掌骨中部。,18,deeppalmararch掌深弓,由桡动脉末端和尺动脉掌深支吻合而成。弓的凸缘在掌浅弓近侧，约平腕掌关节高度。,19,descendingaorta降主动脉,thoracicaorta胸主动脉abdominalaorta腹主动脉,20,thoracicaorta,Parietalbranches壁支posteriorintercostala.肋间后动脉subcostala.肋下动脉superiorphrenica.膈上动脉Visceralbranches脏支bronchiala.支气管动脉esophageala.食管动脉pericardiala.心包动脉,21,Abdominalaorta,Parietalbranches:1、inferiorphrenica.膈下动脉2、lumbara.腰动脉3、mediansacrala.骶正中动脉Visceralbranchespairedun-paired,1,2,3,22,Visceralbranches,1,2,3,Abdominalaorta,Paired：1,middlesuprarenala.肾上腺中动脉2,renala.肾动脉3,testicularorovariana.睾丸动脉(或卵巢动脉)Unpaired：celiactrunk腹腔干T12superiormesenterica.肠系膜上动脉L1inferiormesenterica.肠系膜下动脉L3,23,celiactrunk腹腔干,胃左动脉leftgastrica.肝总动脉commonhepatica.-肝固有动脉properhepatica.（肝左、右动脉、胃右动脉、胆囊动脉）-胃十二指肠动脉gastroduodenala.(胃网膜右动脉、胰十二指肠上动脉)脾动脉splenica.胰支胃后动脉胃短动脉胃网膜左动脉,24,superiormesentericartery肠系膜上动脉,jejunal,ileala.空、回肠动脉ileocolica.回结肠动脉(阑尾动脉)rightcolica.右结肠动脉middlecolica.中结肠动脉,25,inferiormesentericartery肠系膜下动脉,leftcolica.左结肠动脉sigmoida.乙状结肠动脉superiorrectala.直肠上动脉,26,Commoniliacarteries髂总动脉,internaliliaca.髂内动脉externaliliaca.髂外动脉,27,internaliliacartery,Parietalbranches：闭孔动脉obturatora.臀上动脉superiorgluteala.臀下动脉inferiorgluteala.,28,internaliliacartery,Visceralbranches:umbilicala.脐动脉uterinea.子宫动脉internalpudendala.阴部内动脉inferiorvesicala.膀胱下动脉inferiorrectala.直肠下动脉,29,internaliliacartery,Visceralbranches:umbilicala.脐动脉uterinea.子宫动脉internalpudendala.阴部内动脉inferiorvesicala.膀胱下动脉inferiorrectala.直肠下动脉,30,externaliliacartery,femorala.股动脉popliteala.腘动脉posteriortibiala.胫后动脉anteriortibiala.胫前动脉dorsala.ofroot足背动脉,31,femoralartery,deepfemorala.股深动脉Perforatinga.穿动脉腹壁浅动脉旋髂浅动脉,至腘窝移行为腘动脉压迫止血点,32,popliteala.腘动脉,pos