高英课件ADE-7-everyday_use_for_your_grandma.ppt

UnitSeven,EverydayUseforyourgrandmama,AliceWalker,ImportantandDifficultpoints,ThecomprehensionofthewholestoryTheunderstandingofcertainexpressionsTheappreciationofthewritingtechniqueColloquial,slangyorblackEnglishCulturaldifferencebetweennationalitiesintheUS,Introductoryquestions,1WhyisthisauthorfamousintheU.S.?Whatarehermajorcontributions?2.Howmanymaincharactersareincludedinthisstory?Canyousaysomethingaboutthecharacterofeachfigure?Mama-Wangero(Dee)-Maggie-3.Whatisthemainplotofthisstory?Andwhatisreflectedinit?,Themeofthestory,Everydayuse,astoryaddressesitselftothedilemmaofAfricanAmericanswho,instrivingtoescapeprejudiceandpoverty,riskaterriblederacination根除,asundering分离fromallthathassustainedanddefinedthem.,ThestorypraisesthesimplicityandpracticalityofMaggieandhermother,alongwiththeirallegiancetotheirspecificfamilyidentityandfolkheritageaswellastheirrefusaltochangeatthewhimofanoutsideworldthatdoesntreallyhavemuchtodowiththem.,Titleexplanation,Throughthetitleofhershortstory,AliceWalkerconceptuallyexpressesherwarinessoftheBlackPowerMovement.Duringthemid-1960s,youngblackAfricanAmericansproclaimedtheywouldnolongerbeoppressedbytheircurrentlifestyleandbegantocelebrateAfricanculturebyexploitingitforexoticnamesandethnicappeal.,However,bydiscardingtheirsouthernUnitedStatesroots,theyadoptaculturethatdoesnotbelongtothem,thusabandoningtheuniqueanddefiningaspectsoftheirownculture.,Throughafamilysinteractions,AliceWalkerconveysthatthepurestandmostsincerewaytocelebrateonesheritageisbytreatingitnotasatopicofstudybutratherasawayoflife.,Theimportanceofnames,objects,andtheirimplicationsofsocietalchangesaremanifestedinthetitle,“EverydayUse.”,Thetitlepresentsthereaderwiththecentralconflictofthestory:asasocietyevolvesinsophisticationshouldtheyhonortheirheritagebyplacingtheirculturalrelicsonashelftobeadmired,or,ratherhonortheirculturebyputtingtheseobjectstoeverydayuse.,Thisconflictisevidentthroughthemothersdecisiontogivethe_toMaggieaswellasDeesdecisionchangehernametoWangero.,quilts,Deesfamilyslifestyleisbothsimplisticandpractical.Theirwayoflifeissparseduetotheirlowsocio-economicstatus,andthustheyseenoneedforthefrivolousaspectsoflifesuchasshoppingtripsordinnerintown.Therelicsoftheirlifestylewerevaluedfortheusefulnessandindependencetheyallowedthefamilytohave.,Forexample,whenthemothertellsDeethatshewillnotgiverherthequiltsmadebyGrandmaDee,DeerespondsthatMaggie“wouldbebackwardsenoughtoputthemtoeverydayuse.”(Walker,335)Themotherresponds,Ireckonshewould,GodknowsIbeensavingemforlongenoughwithnobodyusingem.Ihopeshewill!”(Walker,335),ThisquotedemonstratesthatMaggieandhermothervalueitemsfortheirusefulness.Bycontrast,Deewantedtohangthesequiltsonherwallbecausetheyhadbeenmadeen-voguebytheBlackPowerMovement,demonstratingthatshedoesnotunderstandhercultureanditscorevaluesof,simplicityandpracticality.,ashortstory-character,action,conflicts,climaxanddenouementdeinu:m:,Itiswrittenin1973andisincludedintheNortonAnthologyofShortFiction.Itsoneofthebest-writtenshortstoriesbyAliceWalker,describingthreewomen.,Themotherisaworkingwomanwithoutmucheducation,butnotwithoutintelligenceorperception.Sheisthebreadwinnerofthefamilyand,morethanthat,sheisindeedacreatoranddefenderofherculture.,SheworkshardtosendDeetocollegeandpreparefortheyoungerdaughterswedding.shefeelssorryforDeesgettingafarfromherculture,whilesheisalsoproudforherachievements.Shelivesahumblelife,butshenevercomplainsandiscontent,tolerantwiththecondition.,Canyoumatchthedescriptionsofcharacterwiththefiguresinthisstory?,Shehasasimple,unsophisticatedviewofheritage,andshowsdisdain轻蔑forthematerialisticconnectiontoherheritage.Sheatfirstseemsshallowinmanyaspects.Thenshebecomesamorecomplexcharacter,however,asthestoryunfolds.Blessedwithbothbrainsandgoodlooks,sheemergesassomeonewhoisstillstrugglingwithheridentityandheritage.,Sheistimid,passive,introverted,unconfident,submissive,clumsy,poor-tastedgirl,tolerantandcanswallowanyinsult.sheisproudofherabilitiesandaccomplishmentsinthewhitepeoplessociety.Sheisstout,big,fat,hard-working,unrefined,andsheisbread-winnerandprotectorofthefamily.,Pre-readingQuestions(brainstorm),1.Whatdoyouknowabouttheblackculture?(askyourselfwh-questions)2.Whatisthesituationoftheblackcultureinthewhiteworld?3.Whatcanyoupredictaboutthestorybyreadingthetitle?4.DoyouknowanynovelsorstoriesbyanyAfro-Americanwriters?Haveyoureadany?,1.AliceWalkerandherLiteraryCreations,Novelist;poet;biographer;editor;civilrightswarrior(?),novelist;poet;biographer;editor;civilrightswarrior,AliceWalkerwasbornonFebruary9,1944inEatonton,Georgia.Herparentswerepoorsharecroppers(佃农).Astheeighthandyoungestchildinthefamily,shegrewupinthemidstofviolentracism,whichcombinedwithherfamilyspovertyleftapermanentimpressiononherwriting.Shewasalsoactiveinthemovementsforcivilandwomensrights.,MainLiteraryCreations,1970:TheThirdLifeofGrangeCopeland1976:Meridian1973:BiographyofLangstonHughes1973:LoveandTrouble:StoriesofBlackwomen1982:TheColorPurple1989:TheTempleofMyFamiliar,Thisbook,easilyhermostpopularnovel,wonherthePulitzerPrizein1983andtheAmericanBookAward,despitethatcriticsagainaccusedherofportrayingblackmentooharshly.TheColorPurplewassoonmadeintoamotionpicture,producedbyQuincyJonesanddirectedbyStevenSpielberg.AremarkablefeatureofAliceWalkerswritingisthewayitdrawsonelementsofherlifeandincorporatesthemflawlesslyintohernovels.HercharactercanbeseeninTheColorPurpleviathecharacterofCelie,whosuffersfromalackofbeautyyetstillmanagestogrowstrongerinspiteofthat.,2.AmericanBlacksanditsCulture,TodayAmericanblacksseemtoenjoyfreedomintheMeltingPot,butAmericanblacksstillholdtheirowndistinctivefeaturesinmanysocialways-initshistory,religion,music,artandliterature.,Religion:theybelievemostlyAfricanreligionsandtheyworshiptheirownGodandestablishtheirowncommunitychurches.TheirGodisdifferentfromtheimageinwhitepeoplesmind.Itisnotatall,whiteman,butthosetotem（图腾）inAfricanreligions.,Music:ThesongsofblackslavesistheoriginofBlackAmericanliterature.Oraltraditioncamefirstintheformofsongs,balladsandspirituals,inshort,folkliteratureinitsvariousmanifestation.,Literature:ManygreatAfro-AmericanwritersareworthmentioningespeciallytheHarlemRenaissances.哈莱姆文艺复兴Blackpeoplehavebeenoppressedsohardthattheycannolongerstandandtheydontwanttotoilinfettersanymore:theywant“togo”,whichisanotherwayofsaying“freedom”and“emancipation”.ThisistheessentialspiritrunningthroughBlackAmericanliterature.,Americanquilts(patchwork),Mrs.JohnsondecidesthatMaggiespracticalapproachtoheritageisbetterthanDeessuperficial,impersonalconceptofheritage,Symbolicmeaningofthequilts,ThequiltsthatWangerocovetslinkhergenerationtopriorgenerations,andthustheyrepresentthelargerAfricanAmericanpast.Thequiltscontainscrapsofdresseswornbythegrandmotherandeventhegreat-grandmother,aswellasapieceoftheuniformwornbythegreat-grandfatherwhoservedintheUnionArmyintheWarbetweenthestates.Thevisitorrightlyrecognizesthequiltsaspartofafragileheritage,Thetitlepresentsthereaderwiththecentralconflictofthestory:,Asasocietyevolvesinsophistication，shouldtheyhonortheirheritagebyplacingtheirculturalrelicsonashelftobeadmired,or,ratherhonortheirculturebyputtingtheseobjectstoeverydayuse.Throughafamilysinteractions,AliceWalkerconveysthatthepurestandmostsincerewaytocelebrateonesheritageisbytreatingitnotasatopicofstudybutratherasawayoflife.ThisconflictisevidentthroughthemothersdecisiontogivethequiltstoMaggieaswellasDeesdecisiontochangehernametoWangero.,ThecharacterofDee,Theelderdaughter,Dee,isdeeplyinfluencedbythewhitepeoplesculturethoughfromablackfamily.Sheis,inthecore,asambitiousandaggressiveasawhiteperson.Severalyearsofcollegeeducationentitledhertolookdownuponherhometownfromthestandingpointofcitycivilization.Shehatesalmostallthatshewasbornwith:thepooroldhouse,herplain-looking,stoutmother,herlamesister,andalotelse.,Sheisnotasingle-sidedperson,though.,Howevermaterialisticsheis,sheknowsthatshecannotchangehercolor.Thusshesometimestriestofindheridentityfromwhatshethinksisstillworthappreciationoftheblackculture.Forexample,theoldbench,thechurn,thedasher,andthetwoquilts.Shedeemsthosethingsaestheticsymbolicoftheblackculture.Deewantedtohangthesequiltsonherwallbecausetheyhadbeenmadeen-voguebytheBlackPowerMovement,demonstratingthatshedoesnotunderstandhercultureanditscorevaluesofsimplicityandpracticality.,Sheischarming,plumpanddominant.Sheisconfident,strong-willed,lucky,aggressive,anddetermined.shelearnstheblackheritageandkeepsitinmind,thoughshedoesnothavemuchconfidence.Sheisashamedofhavingablackworkingmotherandlivingintheoldhouse.Shecanbeseentorepresentamaterialistic,complex,andmodernwayoflifewherecultureandheritagearetobevaluedonlyforaestheticappeal.,Herchangeofname,Backgroundknowledge:Duringtheblackpowermovementinthemid-1960s,youngblackAfricanAmericansproclaimedtheywouldnolongerbeoppressedbytheircurrentlifestyleandbegantocelebrateAfricanculturebyexploitingitforexoticnamesandethnicappeal.TherewasanincreasedtendencyofAfricanAmericanstoexchangetheirAnglo-SaxonnamesfortraditionalAfricannamesinordertoseparatethemselvesfromaculturethatrepresenttheoppressionoftheirancestorsbyslavery,Deewantedtochangehernameto“Wangero”,thinkingthat“Dee”isanamefromthewhitepeople.Shedoesntknowthatsheisnamedafterherauntandevenfurther,hergreat-grandmother.Themotherwantedhertorememberthetraditionandhistoryofthefamilybythename,butsheactuallyknowsnothingabouttheoriginofthename.,DeesnamecouldbetracedthroughherfamilyslineagebacktotheCivilWar.However,DeeoverlooksthiscrucialelementwhensheproclaimsshehastakenthenameofWangero:anamethatshethinksbetterreflectsherrootsandculture.Ironically,theaccurateAfricanspellingofthenameWangerois“Wanjiru.,Thus,itwasnotWalkersintenttoportrayWangeroasaneducatedmemberoftheBlackPowerMovement,butratherasanindividualwhoexploitsthemovementmerelyforitsgrowingpopularityandaestheticappeal.Thus,thenameDee,likethequilt,becomessymbolicofthepracticalityandsimplicityofherculture.Byplacinghernameonashelf,shemocksthecorevaluesofhersouthernheritagethatdiscouragetheextravagantaspectsoflife,andrathervaluesthoseaspectsthatholdmeritonadailybasis.,Thetwodaughtersformasharpcontrastineveryconceivableway:appearance,character,personalexperiences,etc.,DeeandMaggieliveverydifferentlivesnotmerelyintermsoftheirmaterialcircumstancesbutintermsoftheframeworkofvalueswithwhichtheyapproachlife.ThestoryreachesitsclimaxatthemomentwhenDee,theelderdaughter,wantstheoldquiltsonlytoberefusedflatlybythemother,whointendstogivethemtoMaggie,theyoungerone.Theoldquilts,madefrompiecesofclotheswornbygrand-andgreat-grand-parentsandstitchedbyGrandmashand,areclearlyasymboloftheculturalheritageoftheblackpeople.Theirdifferentfeelingsaboutthequiltsrevealtheirdifferentattitudestowardstheirheritageasblacks.,theimageofMamaMrs.Johnsonintroducesherselfas“alarge,big-bonedwomanwithrough,man-workinghands.”(Walker2368)Shenarratesthestoryfromherpointofview.Supposingthatthestoryissetin1970,shecanbeassumedtobeabout50yearsold.Althoughhereducationendswiththeclose-downofherschoolafterthesecondgradein1927(cf.Walker2369),althoughshecannotreadandtellsthereaderthatshelacks“aquicktongue”(Walker2368),theauthorhasgivenherarticulatestrength:,Butapartfromphysicalstrength,shealsoshowsmentaltoughness:shewenttothepeopleofherchurchandraisedmoneytosendhergifteddaughtertoaschoolinAugusta(cf.Walker2369).Andshecanclearlydistinguishbetweendreamandreality.Thiscontributestothegood-hearteddown-to-earthimagethereadergetsofher.,StructureAnalysis,Part1(1-2)GeneralintroductionPreparationmadetoreceiveDeehintingtherelationshipbetweenMotherandDeeisalienated;therelationshipbetweenthetwosistersisunfriendlyandtense.Part2(3-16)DescriptionofMotherandtwosisters(3-4)whatMotherexpectedtobe(5-6)whatMotheractuallywas(7-12)Descriptionofthetwosisters(13-16)MoreaboutMotherandDeePart3(17-81)Deesvisit(17-23)Deeandherboyfriendsarrival(24-25)Deesnewname(26-28)aboutDeesboyfriend(29-81)DeewantedtheeverydayusePart4(82)MotherandMaggiefeltrelievedtoseeDeeleave,Studyofparagraph1.,Newwordsandexpressions:wavy,fine,grooveThelanguageofthisparagraphisnaturalandseemseffortless.However,withhersuperbcraftoftellingstories,thenarratorhasimpliedtoreadersalmosteverythingthattheyneedtomovefurtherintothestory.,Whenandwheredoyoufigurethestoryisset?(Itmaynotbepossibletospecifyexactlywhere,butyououghttotrytocomeupwithsomereasonablyspecificsenseofwhereandwhenwearetoimaginetheactionofthestorytakingplace.)Whoisthenarrator?(Issheavoicethatdoesnotbelongtoanyofthecharacters?)Whatcanyouinferabouttheirlivingconditionfromthedescriptioninthisparagraph?Throughthewaythenarratorcleanstheyard,whatcanbeseenofhercharacter?Whatdoestheyardmeantothem?Doesthepersontheyexpectcomeoften?,paragraph2.,WhatadjectivesareusedtodescribeMaggie?WhatcanyoutellaboutMaggiescharacterfromthisdescription?WhydoesMaggieadmirehereldersister?WhatdoyousupposehashappenedtoMaggie?,Whatarethemajorandevidentdifferencebetweenthetwosisters?Howdoyouunderstand“holdlifealwaysinthepalmofonehand”and“noisawordtheworldneverlearnedtosaytoher”?,Doyouthinkthatdespiteherdocilenature,Maggiestillmaintainsherroleastheprotagonistofthestory?,Fromthestudyofthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanconcludealotofthings:thelivingconditionsofthemotherandMaggie,thecharacterofthemother,whattheyardmeanstothem,thecharacterofMaggieandhersister(thevisitor)andtheirfeelingtowardsthevisitor.Describetheabovepointsinyourownwords.,FromwhatapointofviewdoesthemotherremarkontheTVprogram?Howcanyouseethat?Whyarethemotherandfatheroften“totteringweakly”?Accordingtomama,whatmightalsohappenwhenasuccessfulchildisconfrontedbyherparentsonaTVprogram?Throughthetoneofdescriptionofthenarration,canyoutelltheattitudeofthenarratortowardthistypeofTVprogram?Whatcharacterofthenarratorisreflectedthroughthisparagraph?,paragraph3,1.madeit2.totterTheoldladytottereddownthestairs.3.curse4.howshewouldnothavemadeitwithouttheirhelp(subjunctivemood),Paragraph4,Thetalk-showicon-JohnnyCarsonmasterconversationalist,n.肖像,偶像,象征,图符,limousine,3.,JohnnyCarson,whohostedNBCsTonightShowfrom1962to1992andwasresponsibleforlaunchingthecareersofmanystars,diedSunday,Jan.23,2005ofemphysema.肺气肿,PresidentGeorgeH.W.BushawardedCarsontheMedalofFreedomonDecember11,1992,andthefollowingyearhewasawardedtheKennedyCenterHonorsLifetimeAchievementAward.,UnderCarson,TheTonightShowearned42Emmynominationsandwonseventrophies.CarsonpickedupaGoldenGlobenominationin1975.CarsonwasinductedintotheTelevisionHallofFamein1987.Anestimated50millionpeoplewatchedhisfinalbroadcastin1992.Andsoithascometothis.Iamoneoftheluckypeopleintheworld.IfoundsomethingthatIalwayswantedtodoandIhaveenjoyedeverysingleminuteofit,Carsonsaidtoclosehisfinalshow.Ibidyouaveryheartfeltgoodnight.,Usher,embrace,pin,tacky,ThenarratorsaysthatshedreamsadreamaboutDeemeetingheronthestagesurroundedwithpeople.Whatdoesthisdreamindicateofthemother?Whatdoesthelastsentencemeanby“eventhoughshehastoldmeoncethatshethinksorchidsaretackyflowers”?,paragraph5,Whatisthefunctionofthephrase“inreallife”?Whatkindofwomanismamaactually?Whatdoes“Butofcourseallthisdoesnotshowontelevision”mean?,Bythedescriptionofwhatthedaughterwantshermothertobe,whatdoweknowthepersonofDee?Howtounderstand“hasmuchtodotokeepupwithmyquickandwittytongue”?,Overalls,Mydaughterwishesmetohaveaslenderfigureandafaircomplexion.Deeisratherashamedofhavingablackworkingclasswomanashermother,译文：在现实生活中，我是一个大块头、大骨架的妇女，有着干男人活儿的粗糙双手。冬天睡觉时我穿着绒布睡衣；白天身穿套头工作衫。我能像男人一样狠狠地宰猪并收拾干净。我的一身脂肪使我在寒冬也保持温暖。我能整天在户外干活儿，敲碎冰块，取水洗衣。我能吃在明火上烧熟的猪肝，而这猪肝还冒着热气，从刚宰死的猪身上切下来的。,有一年冬天，我用一把大铁锤砍倒一头公牛，锤子正打在小牛两眼之间的大脑上。天黑之前，我把牛肉挂起来凉着。不过，这一切当然都没有在电视上出现过。我的女儿希望我的样子是：体重减去一百磅，皮肤像下锅煎之前的大麦面饼那样细腻光滑，头发在炽热耀眼的灯光下闪闪发亮。而且，我有一口伶牙俐齿，能够妙语连珠。就连乔尼卡森也望尘莫及。,Italkedtothemalwayswithonefoot_,withmyhead_.,Howtounderstandthesentence“whoeverknewaJohnsonwithaquicktongue?”Whycannotmama“lookastrangewhitemanintheeye”?Whatdoes“withonefootraisedinflight”mean?Andwhatabout“withmyheadturnedinwhicheverwayisfarthestfromthem”?Para6,WhoeverknowaJohnson_?Whocanevenimaginemelooking_?,“Dee,though.Shewouldalways_.Hesitationwas_.”Whatthinkingofmamaisreflectedinthisremark?,“Dee,though.”isanabbreviatedsentence.Whatisitsfullcontent?Canyouexplain“hesitationisnopartofhernature”?WhatapersonalitydoesDeehaveinthisaspect?,paragraph7Howtounderstand“showingjustenoughofherthinbodyformetoknowshesthere”?HowisMaggiestasteofclothing?Canyoutellfromhermatchofthecolors?Whydoeshermotherwanthertocomeoutintotheyard?,Wordsandexpressions:sidle,ignorant,shuffle,paragraph8Fromthefirsttwosentences,whatcanyousenseofmothersattitudetowardsMaggiefromthewayofherdescription?Whatacontrastorsocialsituationisreflectedthroughthesentence?Whatcanyouseeofmamascharacterthrough“richenoughtoownacar”?And“ignorantenough”?,Paragraph9,WhydidDeestandoffand“havealookofconcentrationonherface”asshewatchedthehouseonfire?Whatdoesthemothermeanby“Whydontyoudoadancearoundtheashes?”,“IcanstillheartheflamesandfeelMaggiesarms_,herhair_andherdress_in_”,paragraph10Whydoesmothermeanbysaying“thatwasbeforeweraisedthemoneytoschool?WhatsDeesattitudewhenshereadstohermotherandsisterbeforeshewassenttoschool?Why?Whatcanbeseenofmothersattitudetowardsthewhitepeopleslivingstyle?Howdoyouseethat?,HowaremamaandMaggiecontrastedwithDeeinthereading?Whatarethefigurativemeaningsoftheverbs“wash”,“burn”and“toshoveusaway”?,Answerstothequestionabove,ThenarratorimpliesthatthebooksDeereadtothemwerewrittenbywhitepeopleandfullofthewhitepeoplesvaluesandideas,falsehoodoftheirwayoflife.“Otherfolks”referstothewhitepeople.Byreadingthebooks,DeeforcedmamaandMaggietoacceptthewhitepeoplesoutlookoflife.“burn”,“press”and“wash”areusedfigurativelyhere,indicatingdestructivenature.,paragraph.11CanyouparaphrasethedescriptionofDee?WhatelsedoesthisparagraphtellusaboutDeescharacter?CanyoufeelsomethingaboutthemothersattitudetowardDeethoughthelastsentence?,paragraph.12Bysaying“Dontaskmewhy:in1927coloredaskedfewerquestionsthantheydonow,”whatdoesMamaimplyaboutthecoloredpeopleatthattime?paraphrase“likegoodlooksandmoney,quicknesspassedherby”.WhatapersonisMaggiegoingtomarry?Ismamasatisfiedwithhim?3.Whatdoyouthinktheauthorsp