《高中重点词汇》PPT课件.ppt

,考题回放：(2009上海卷)某海外学校举办英语夏令营，开设了如下课程：园艺(gardening)、烹饪(cooking)、防身术(selfdefence)、护理(nursing)。假如你是王跃华(不可以用自己的真实姓名)，写一封申请信，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。信的内容必须包括：1你感兴趣的课程2你期望从这门课程中学到什么3为什么想学这些内容_,佳作诵读：,DearSirorMadam，IheardthatyourschoolheldthePartyofEnglishSummerCampandstartedthefollowingcourses,gardening,cooking,selfdefenceandnursing.SoIm_writing_the_letter_to_apply_for_itnow,andIhopeyoucananswerme.WhenIwasinmiddleschool,Ilearntsomemedicineknowledge.To_my_delight,_myfathersentmetoafamoushospitaltoexperiencenursing.After_that,_Imgoodatnursingdaybydayandwouldliketobeanurse.In_order_to_improve_my_nursing,_Iwanttoapplyfornursingandbecomeanurseso_thatIcouldmakeacontributiontosociety,Especiallypatients.WhatIwanttosayisthatnotonlyamIinterestedinnursingbutIhaveaccumulatedmuchexperienceinthehospital.IthinkIcanlearnsomuchfromnursing,forexample,_howtotakecareofpatients,howtoservepatients,howtogiveapatientsaidandsoon.Its_wellknown_thatsavingpatientslivesisdoctorsresponsibility;howtoserveandcareforthepatientswellisanursesresponsibility,Iguess.ImustsaythatImsuretolearnhowtodealwiththeseriousaccident,especiallythosewhoareseriouslyill.Imustlearnnursingso_as_to_improve_myself.,Imlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Bestwishes，WangYuehua,.重点单词1photographn照片vt.给照相photographern摄影师photographyn摄影2delightedadj.快乐的；欣喜的delightn快乐,3Admirableadj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的admirevt.钦佩4assistvt.帮助；协助；援助assistantn助手；助理；售货员,5Professionn职业；专业professionaladj.专业的；职业的n专业人员6eageradj.渴望的；热切的,7concentratevt.聚集；集中concentrationn集中8Acquirevt.获得；取得；学到9accessn.接近，10informvt.告知；通知11meanwhileadv.其间；同时,12casen情况；病例；案例13accusevt.指责；谴责；控告14demandn需求；要求vt.强烈要求15technicaladj.技术(上)的；技巧方面的16giftedadj.有天赋的,17accurateadj.精确的；正确的18approvevt.赞成；认可；批准approvaln认可19processvt.加工；处理n过程；程序；步骤20appointmentn约会；任命appointv任命,.重点短语1concentrateon集中；全神贯注于2dependon依靠；依赖3accuse.of因指责或控告4soasto(dosth.)为了(做),.重点短语5aheadof在前面6haveanosefor.对有敏感的嗅觉7informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事8getthewrongendofthestick完全误解；弄错9lookforwardto.盼望,10pass.onto.把传给11lastofall最后12beprocessedinto.被制成,.重点句型1NeverwillZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.周扬将永远不会忘记他在一家流行的英语报社的第一次任务。2NotonlyamIinterestedinphotography,butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还专修过业余摄影课来更新我的技术。3Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin(HX),wastostronglyinfluencehislifeasajournalist.他与他的新老板胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯会产生重要影响。,4Haveyoueverhadacasewheresomeoneaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick?你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你们的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？5Sowearrangedaninterviewbetweenthefootballerandthemansupposedtobridehim.因此，我们安排这名球员和被认为行贿的人一起接受采访。,Thestudentsassisted_the_professor_indoingtheexperiment.学生们协助教授做实验。Weallassisted_inmendingtheroof.我们都帮助修理屋顶。Weaskedhimtoassist_us_indesigninganewbridge.我们请他帮助我们设计一座新桥。Hecanwalkonlywith_the_assistance_ofcrutches.他只能靠一副拐杖走路。Despitehiscries,noonecame_to_his_assistance.尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。,Weshouldconcentratealloureffortonimprovingeducation.我们应该致力于改进教育工作。Heconcentrated_onthestudyofEnglish.他把重点放在英语学习上。Ourpopulationis_concentrated_inthebigcities.我国人口集中在大城市里。,3acquirevt.获得，取得，学到Imanagedtoacquire_two_ticketsfortheconcert.我设法弄到了两张音乐会的票。Sheacquired_a_knowledge_ofFrench.她学会了法语。MrBrownacquired_a_fortuneintheoilbusiness.布朗先生在石油生意上发了财。,辨析：acquire/get/gain/obtain(1)acquire多指经过一段时间的艰苦努力而获得，获得的内容多是抽象的东西，并且一经获得就很难失去，如知识等。(2)get是一般用语，口语用语，用途很广。(3)gain常指强有力的夺取，也可指渐渐获得某物的过程。(4)obtain是较正式用语，常指“通过努力工作、奋力拼搏或请求而得到所需的东西”。,SheacquiredaknowledgeofEnglishbycarefulstudy.她通过认真学习而懂得了英语。Ifinallymanagedtoobtainacopyofthereport.我终于设法弄到了这份报告的一个副本。Thecountrygaineditsindependencetenyearsago.这个国家十年前就赢得了独立。,Pleaseinform_us_ofanychangeofaddressassoonaspossible.地址如有变更请尽快通知我们。Weregrettoinformyouthatyourapplicationhasbeenrejected.我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。Pleasekeepmefullyinformed_ofanydevelopments.事态如有发展，请向我提供详情。,In_some_casespeoplehavehadtowaitseveralweeksforanappointement.在某些情况下，人们必须等上好几周才能得到约见。The_casewillbeheardnextweek.此案下周审理。In_case_offire,call119.万一发生火灾，就打119。Youdbettertakethekeysin_caseImout.你最好带上钥匙，以防我不在家。,Myteacherisalwaysaccusingmeofcarelessness.我的老师总是指责我粗枝大叶。Marywas_accused_asanaccomplice.玛丽被指控为同谋犯。Manoftenaccusesnatureforhisownmisfortunes.人类常把自身的不幸归罪于天。,7demandn要求，需要vt.强烈要求,7demandn要求，需要vt.强烈要求Therehavebeendemands_fortheprimeministertoresign.已有许多人要求首相辞职。AfterschoolTomdemandedhelpfrom/ofme.放学后，汤姆要求我帮助。ShedemandedthatI(should)_telleverythingtoheraboutit.她要求我把知道的整个事情都告诉她。Medicalworkersarein_great_demandinthatarea.那个地方非常需要医疗工作者。Itsimpossibletosatisfy_everyones_demands.满足每个人的需求是不可能的。,Theministerapprovedthebuildingplan.部长批准了这项建筑计划。Theresolutionwas_approved_by68to10with28abstentions.决议以68票对10票通过，28票弃权。Motherdoesntapprove_ofhersmoking.母亲不赞成她吸烟。,对点自测1(2011福建厦门检测)Thestudentscant_theirstudieswhentheyaretired.AinsistonBconsistofCpersistinDconcentrateon答案：D解析：insiston意为“坚持”，后加v.ing形式作宾语；consistof意为“由组成”；persistin意为“坚持”；concentrateon意为“集中注意力于”。句意：学生疲劳时无法集中注意力学习。,2Theschoolisgivingmostofthesechildrenhopeforthefuturebyprovidingthemachanceto_knowledge.ArequireBacquireCachieveDenquire答案：B解析：句意：通过给他们一个获得知识的机会，这个学校使大部分孩子对未来充满希望。require意为“要求”；acquire意为“获得”；achieve意为“达到、完成、实现”；enquire意为“查询”。,3Ihopeyouwillkeepus_ofhowyouaregettingonwithyourwork.AinformedBinformingCtoinformDinform答案：A解析：inform与us之间为动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词形式来表示被动意义。,4Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor_youlockyourselfoutoneday.AeversinceBevenifCsoonafterDincase答案：D解析：考查状语从句。句意：留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天忘了带钥匙进不了门。根据句意只能用incase意为“以防(万一)”。,5ThebossdemandedthatMary_theworkwithinaweek.AfinishedBwouldfinishChadfinishedDfinish答案：D解析：考查demand用法。句意：这个老板要求玛丽一周内完成这份工作。demand后that从句中用虚拟语气shoulddo,should可省略。,6Youdbettercutyourhairshort.Ourschooldoesnot_toolonghair.AapproveofstudentsworeBapprovestudentstowearCapproveofstudentstowearDapproveofstudentswearing答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你最好把头发剪短点，我校不允许学生留长发。approveof后接动词ing形式，studentswearingtoolonghair是动词ing形式的复合结构。,7Areyou_meoflyingtotheheadmaster?Imsureyoudid.AaccusingBscoldingCremindingDtelling答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。accusesb.ofsth.意为“控告、指责某人某事”；remindsb.of意为“提醒”；tell意为“告诉”；scoldsb.forsth.意为“因某事责备某人”。句意：你指责我向校长撒谎了？我确信你向他撒了谎。,重点短语1dependon依靠；依赖；信赖；依而定,Successdepends_onyoureffortandability.成功与否得看你的努力和能力。Italldepends_onwhetherornotyouareinterestedinit.这完全看你对这事是不是有兴趣。Youmaydepend_onthemtobehereearly.你可以指望他们会早来。Ishecoming？他来吗？That_depends.Hemaynothavetime.那要看情况。他不一定有时间。,Heranquicklyso_as_to/in_order_tocatchthelastbus.他跑得很快以便赶上末班车。Weturnedonthelightso_that/in_order_thatwemightseewhatitwas.Weturnedonthelightso_as_toseewhatitwas.我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。Sheissoangryas_tosayawordinfrontofhim.她如此生气以致在他面前说不出一句话。,提示：当用soasto,inorderto时，句子前后动作的主语须一致。否则，用sothat,inorderthat。,对点自测1Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident_losehisjob.AsonotastoBsoasnottoCsoastonotDnotsoasto答案：B解析：句意：为了不失去工作，汤姆对这次事故只字不说。soasto表示目的，其否定形式是在to之前加not。,2(2011江西景德镇检测)_preventhimselffromharm,John_beingmadeuseofbyhismanager.ASoasto;refusedBInorderto;deniedCInorderto;refusedDSoasto;denied答案：B解析：考查目的状语和动词用法。soasto与inorderto都表示目的，但soasto不能用于句首，inorderto既可以位于句首又可以放在句中；denydoing/beingdone.意为“否认做”；refusetodo意为“拒绝做”。只有B项符合结构和意思。,3Youmay_itthathewillturnupintime.AdecideonBdependonCanswerforDmakesure答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：你可以相信他会准时到来。decideon意为“决定”和answerfor意为“对负责”都不用于此句型。makesure意为“确保”；dependonitthat.意为“相信”。,4Howlongareyoustaying?Idontknow._.AThatsOKBNevermindCItdependsDItdoesntmatter答案：C解析：从所提供的情景“你要呆多久？”“我不知道”。表明对方不确定他要呆多久，只能“看情况而定”。ThatsOK.意为“行，好吧”。Nevermind.和Itdoesntmatter.意为“不要紧，没关系”。,经典句型1Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin(HX),was_tostronglyinfluencehislifeasjournalist.他与他的新老板胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯会产生重要影响。betodo在句中表示不可避免将要发生或命中注定的事情，常译为“注定会，一定”。,归纳拓展：(1)betodo句型有三层含义：表示“注定要发生”。预先安排好的计划或约定。表示说话人的意图、职责、义务、命令等情态意义。(2)beabouttodosth.表“马上要做某事，某事即将发生”，通常不与时间状语连用。(3)begoingtodosth.表“打算、想法或某种倾向”，用于非正式文体。也可用来表示很可能发生的事或自然现象。,Theexperiencewas_to_changeherlife.这次经历必会改变她的一生。Nooneis_to_leavethebuildingwithoutthepolicespermission.没有警方的允许，没有一个人可以离开楼房。Weare_to_finishtheworkbeforefivethisafternoon.我们预定今天下午五点前完成任务。Thebookwas_not_to_be_found.那本书根本不可能找到。,2Haveyoueverhadacasewheresomeoneaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick?你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你们的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？case意为“情况”，在本句中为先行词，where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，相当于inthecase。当先行词为case,point,situation,position等时，常用where引导定语从句。,Canyouthinkofasituationwherethiswordcanbeused？你能想出能使用这个单词的语境吗？Weareinapositionwherewemaylosealargesumofmoney.我们在这种处境下可能会损失大量金钱。Hehasreachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.他到了必须改一改的地步。,3Sowearrangedaninterviewbetweenthefootballerandthemansupposed_to_bribehim.因此我们安排这名球员和被认为行贿的人一起接受采访。句中supposedtobribehim是过去分词短语作定语，修饰theman，相当于一个定语从句themanwhowassupposedtobribehim。,(1)besupposedtodosth.意为“应当做”或“认为做是必须的”。Heis_supposed_to_behereinaboutanhour.他大约一小时后到。Hewas_supposed_to_beacollegegraduatebutheknewnothingofhistory.按说他是大学毕业生，但他对历史一点儿也不知道。(2)besupposedtohavedonesth.意为“理应做过某事(但可能没有做)”，这里有虚拟的含义。Jackis_supposed_to_have_finishedhisworknow.杰克现在应当已经完成工作了。,对点自测1Noneofthemeverthoughttheirproducts_suchanimportantroleinthecomputermarket20yearslater.AweretoplayBplayedCwouldhaveplayedDhadplayed答案：A解析：考查betodo表示“注定会，一定”。,2Today,welldiscussanumberofcases_beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.AwhichBasCwhyDwhere答案：D解析：考查定语从句。当先行词是case,point,situation等词时，若定语从句中缺状语，用where引导该从句。,3Thetrain_arriveat11：30,butwasanhourlate.AwasabouttoBwaslikelytoCwassupposedtoDwascertainto答案：C解析：由句意“火车应该11：30到，但是却晚了一个小时”，表示“应该做而未做”选besupposedto。A项意为“将要”；B项意为“可能”；D项意为“一定”。,4You_theprojectbynow.AaresupposedtofinishBsupposedtofinishCaresupposedfinishingDaresupposedtohavefinished答案：D解析：finish的动作应该在谓语动词之前完成，故要用不定式的完成时态。,5IdontsupposehecouldhavedonewellintheCollegeEntranceExam,_？No,_healmostfailedit.Ahadhe;thereforeBdidhe;actuallyCdoI;otherwiseDcouldhe;anyway答案：B解析：考查反意疑问句和副词。第一空所在句子使用了否定转移和情态动词表示判断推测，反意部分用didhe；答语要用副词actually表示递进关系，加强否定回答的语气。,.选词填空aheadof,concentrateon,besupposedto,accuse.of,dependon1Asastudent,Ishould_mylessons.2Ifinishedtheworkseveraldays_thedealine.3I_beinglazybymywife.4Youcan_himtohelpyouwithEnglish.5You_finishthereporttoday.答案：1.concentrateon2.aheadof3.wasaccusedof4.dependon5.aresupposedto,.易错专练1Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders_consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.AwhereBwhenCwhoDwhich答案：A解析：这个从句应是定语从句，先行词是前面的cases，空白处在从句中作状语，应用where引导，指抽象的地点，意为“在这些案例中”。,2WhenIcouldntavoidmeetinghim,Ifacedanembarrassingsituation_Icouldonlykeepsilent.AwhoBwhichCwhenDwhere答案：D解析：考查定语从句。该定语从句的先行词是前面的anembarrassingsituation，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应该选用关系副