人教版英语中考总复习题课件题型六阅读理解.ppt

（人教版）,中考题型六阅读理解,英语,1命题原则(1)考查学生在阅读中准确捕获信息的能力。这就要求考生通过阅读短文，运用自己所学的语法、词组、短语等方面的语言知识，根据自己的理解，掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，以及用说明主旨和大意的事实和情节，迅速找出题目后面的正确选项。(2)要求学生既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念；既理解文章的表层意思，也理解文章的深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等“弦外之音”。(3)要求学生既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。(4)要求学生既能根据材料提供的信息去理解，也能结合自己应有的常识去理解。,2试题特点阅读理解题要求学生根据材料的内容从四个(或三个)选项中选出最佳答案，主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析能力和判断能力，是一种综合性很强的题型。3阅读材料的选取特点(1)阅读文章不少于两篇，一般是三至四篇，分值不少于30分，一般是3040分，是中考试题中的重头戏。(2)题材广泛，涉及科普、社会、政治、经济、文化、历史、习俗、故事等各个方面。,(3)体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文。近年来的中考英语阅读理解多选用一些富有鲜明时代特征、实用性强的语言材料作为试题的素材，如报刊文章、使用说明书、招贴告示、广告以及各类图表等等。预计2016年中考会加大对学生阅读理解能力的考查，阅读材料的体裁会更加全面，包含常见的各种文体，题材会呈现多样化，更加丰富多彩，贴近生活和社会话题，为学生所感兴趣；在设题方面会加大对考生理解能力和推测能力的考查。,1阅读全文，捕捉信息。阅读理解的主旨是要求考生仔细阅读全文，掌握其大意，了解作者的观点和写作意图，故事的起因、时间、地点以及结局。2注意首句，抓住中心。俗话说：“眼睛是心灵的窗户”，那么一篇文章的眼睛应是题目，而中考阅读是不给文章题目的。这给考生快速了解全文的中心增加了难度，在这种情况下，考生应特别注意首段和每一自然段的首句以及结尾句。这样一来就抓住了中心，为正确答题打下了良好的基础。,3优选排除，确定答案。阅读理解题备选答案有三个是干扰项。我们可先排除语法、词法上明显有错误的选项，再排除与短文内容不符的选项，剩下的就是应选答案了，在这个过程中要仔细鉴别，对比各选项的区别。4复读全文，检查答案。考生应把短文中考查的信息归纳一遍，再次阅读，检查答案，看看是否前后一致，是否符合逻辑推理，有错及时纠正。,(一)记叙篇,A(2015，荆门)AlibabaGroup(阿里巴巴集团)wentpublicinNewYorkinSeptember2014.ItsfounderJackMahasnowbecomeoneoftherichestmeninChina.,JackMasstoryofsuccessisnotaneasyone.HewasbornonSeptermber10，1964.Atschool，hewasnotgoodatmath.Sohefailedthecollegeentranceexaminationtwice.Buthenevergaveup.Atthethirdtime，hepassedtheexamandenteredHangzhouNormaCollege，wherehestudiedEnglish.In1988，JackMagraduated，heworkedasanEnglishteacherforfiveyearsatHangzhouInstituteofElectronicEngineering.In1995，hewenttotheUnitedStatesandhewasonashorttriptoSeattle(西雅图)Oneday，hewantedtodrinkChinesebeerandhesearchedfortheword“beer”ontheInternet，buthecouldntfindthewords“beermadeinChina”online！Hecouldonlysee“Americanbeer”and“Germanbeer”SohedecidedtostaythereandlearnedabouttheInternet.Hebelievedthatshoppingonlinewouldhaveabrightfuture.Everyonethoughthewascrazy，buthedidntgiveuphishope.JackMasetupAlibabain1999andTaobaoin2003withthehelpofhisfriends.Now，AlibabaisoneofthebiggestInternetcompaniesintheworld.,JackMaalwaystellsyoungpeoplenottobeafraidofdifficulties.“YoungpeopleinChinashouldknowonething：Todayisdifficult，tomorrowismoredifficult，butthedayaftertomorrowisbeautiful，”hesaid.,1HowoldwasJackMawhenhegraducatedfromHangzhouNormalCollege？_A20yearsold.B22yearsold.C24yearsold.D30yearsold.2WhatsubjectdidJackMateachinHangzhouInstituteofElectronicEngineering？_AElectronicshopping.BScience.CIT.DEnglish.,C,D,3WhydidJackMastayintheUnitedStatestolearnabouttheInternet？_AHebelievedhecoulddrinkbeermadeinChinathere.BHewantedtohavealongertripthere.CHebelievedthatshoppingonlinewouldhaveabrightfutureinChina.DHethoughtChinesebeerwasbetterthanthatmadeinAmericaandGermany.4JackMasstoryofsuccesstellsusthatyoungpeopleshould_AgototheUStolearnshoppingonlineBbeanEnglishteacherfirstCfacedifficultiesandnevergiveupDshoponlyonTaobao,C,C,B(2015，营口)WhatsMyLine(台词)?“Oneofmyactorsissick!Hehasjustonelineandyouretheonlyonewhofitshisclothes！”Oneafternoon，theschooldrama(戏剧)directorsuddenlyshoutedtome.SheseemedsonervousandworriedthatIfeltsorryforherandsaid，“OK”“Youwillbefine.Itseasy！”Shesaid.Butitwasnteasyatall.Onthestage(舞台)，fourotheractorsandactressesspoketheirlines，andIopenedmymouth.Nothingcameout.Icouldntevenbreathe.Ijustwantedtoleave.ThenextthingIknew，Iwasrunningoffthestage.,AsIwasrunningoffthestage，Iaccidentallyknockedoveraglassofgrapejuicethatwasonatable.ThepurplejuicehitthegirlnexttomeAndrea，theleadingactressofthedrama.Shegavemeanastylook.Ithoughtshewasgoingtokillme!Butthen，Andreaquicklysaid，“Darling，youresosilly!Letstoast(干杯)tomydarlingssilliness!Cheers！”Shegrabbedanotherglassofgrapejuiceanddrankit.TheotheractorquicklyfollowedAndreasleadandsavedthescene(场面)Theaudience(观众)thoughtmymistakewaspartoftheplay!,Iapologizedtoeveryoneaftertheplay.Tomysurprise，theywerenotangrywithme.Theytoldme，“Itsallapartofbeingonstage.”Icouldbewrong，butIthinkIlikedbeingonstage.IthinkIwilltryagain.1Whichofthefollowingwasaprobleminthestory？_AAndreadrankthegrapejuice.BAndreawastheleadingactressofthedrama.CThewriterforgothisline.DThewriterhadonlyoneline.,C,2WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue？_AThewritermadeAndreasdressdirty.BTheaudienceknewsomethingwaswrong.CTheschooldramadirectoraskedthewritertoplayarole.DThewritersaidsorrytothedramaclub.3Andreagavethewriteranastylook.Atthatmomentshefelt_AsadBafraidCangryDhunger,B,C,4Fromthepassage，weknowthatAndreawasa_leadingactress.AprettyBsillyCwarmheartedDquickminded5Thewriterwillmostprobably_inthefuture.AjointhedramaclubBdislikeAndreaCstayawayfromthestageDhelpAndreawashherclothes,D,A,C(2015，陕西)Astoryhappenedwhenthetelegraph(电报)wasthefastestmethodoflongdistancecommunication.Oneday，ayoungmanwenttoaninterviewforajobasaMorsecodeoperator(莫尔斯电码报务员),Answeringtheadinthenewspaper，hewenttotheofficeaddress.Whenhearrived，hewalkedintoalarge，busyofficefilledwithnoise，includingthesoundofthetelegraph.Anofficeworkeraskedhimtowaituntilhewascalledtogointotheinneroffice.Sevenotherpeoplewerealreadyinthewaitingareafortheinterview.Theyoungmansatdownandwaitedwiththem.Afterafewminutes，theyoungmanstoodup，crossedthero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ed.ThenitwasMilliesturn.Shewatchedtheropegoaroundandaround，butshedidntmove.Shefeltlikeeveryonewaslookingather.,Milliesfriendscheered.“Go，Millie，go！”Milliesfaceturnedred.Atlast，shegaveitatry，butshefailed.ThetruthwasthatMilliehadbeenjumpingropeathomeeveryday.Withashortrope，shecouldjump100timeswithoutmissing.Shejustdidntknowhowtoruninandstartjumpingwithalongrope.Sinceshewastheonlykidonherstreet，therewasnoonetohelpturnthelongrope.Justthen，MsMiles，thegymteacher，broughtoutabunchofshortjumpropes.“Letsseehowlongeachoneofyoucanjumpwithoutmissing，”shesaidasshegaveeachstudentashortrope，“Ready，set.Go！”,Milliesmiledforthefirsttimeeveringymclass.Asshejumped，shesangrhymesquietlytoherself.Afterawhile，Millierealizedthateveryonewascheering，“Go，Millie，go！”_Thesurprisealmostmadehermissastep，butshekeptgoing.Whenatlastshewastootiredtogoon，shestopped.Thewholeclasscheered.Everyonewaslookingatherandsmiling.Milliesmiledback!1Whichwordistheoppositeoftheunderlinedwordfrowned？_ASat.BHid.CSmiled.DCried.,C,2WhatproblemdidMilliehaveatthebeginningofthestory？_AShedidnthaveanyfriendsinherclass.BShefeltsadbecauseNickmadefunofher.CShedidntknowthecheersthattheotherkidsknew.DShedidntknowhowtostartjumpingwithalongrope.3WhydidMilliesmileforthefirsttimeingymclass？_AShedidsomethingwellatlast.BSheknewtheclasswouldcheerforher.CShethoughtthatshewasgoingtomakeafriend.DShebelievedthatshewouldbethewinnerofthecontest.,D,A,4Whichsentencecanbeputintheempty？_ATheclassdecidedtoplaybaseball.BMilliewasthelastonestilljumpingrope.CNickwontheropejumpingcontest.DMillietriedtohideinthebackoftheline.5HowmightMilliefeelwhenshestoppedjumpingatlast？_AProud.BBored.CMad.DSilly.,B,A,(二)说明篇,A(2015，孝感)ReportCardName：JamesSmithTime：January24th，2015,1.Jamesgotthebestgradein_AEnglishBphysicsCmathDmusic2Theunderlinedword“effort”means“_”inChinese.A分值B计划C努力D兴趣3WhydidNOTJamesgetthebestgradeinmusic？_AHewasalittlelazy.BHehadastrongaccent.CHedidntplaythepianowell.DHedidntlikemusic.,B,C,B,4WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage？_AJamesstudieshardinphysics.BJamesdoesntlikemath.CJamesspeakingisgood.DJamesisgoodatsinging.5Fromthispassage，weknowthat_AJamesisabadstudentBalltheteachersarehappywithJamesCJameshadtheexamsonJanuary24thDstudyinghardcanmakeonegetgoodgrades,A,D,B(2015，百色)InBritain，whenpeoplemeeteachotherforthefirsttime，theytalkaboutthingslikefamily，work，school，orsports.Theyaskquestionslike“Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters？”“Wheredoyouwork？”“Whatschooldoyougoto？”and“Doyoulikesports？”Theyalsoaskquestionslike“Wheredoyoucomefrom？”and“Wheredoyoulive？”Thesearepolitequestions.Theyarenotpersonalorprivate.Butsomethingsarepersonalorprivate，andquestionsaboutthemarenotpolite.Peopledontaskquestionsaboutapersonssalary(薪水)Theydontaskhowmuchsomeoneispaidforsomething.ItisnotOKtoaskpeoplequestionsaboutpolitics，party(政党)orreligion(宗教)unlessyouknowthemverywell.Peopledontaskunmarriedpeople“Whyareyousingle？”andtheydontaskamarriedcouplewithnochildren“Whydontyouhaveanychildren？”,1WhichisapolitequestioninBritainwhenpeoplemeet？_AHowsyourfamily?BYourenotmarried，why?CWhatdoyouthinkoftheLaborParty?DHowmuchdoesyourbosspayyoueachweek?2TheBritishusuallydontaskquestionsaboutapersons_AinterestBworkCreligionDfamily3Itsnotpoliteforapersontoshowinterestinthe_lifeofothers.AschoolBprivateChardDhappy,A,C,B,4InBritain，whichofthefollowingquestionsisNOTpolite？_AWhereareyoufrom?BDoyoulikeplayfootball?CWhichsubjectdoyoulikebest?DYoulookmucholderthanyourhusband.Howoldareyou?5Thispassageismainlyabout_AschoollifeBpolitenessCworkingDsport,D,B,C(2015，东营)Therearemanycolorsinnature.Butdoyouknowifacolorhasweight？Ithinkyoullsay“no”ButIamafraidyouarewrong.Ifyoudontbelieve，youmaydoasmallexperiment.First，puttwoobjectswiththesameweightintotwoboxes.Thencoverthebox.Third，wraponeboxwitharedpieceofpaper，theotherwithawhitepieceofpaper.OK.Nowholdtheboxeswithyourhandonebyone.Itiscertainthatyouwillthinktheredoneisalittleheavier.,Whydoyouthinkso？Ascientistfoundthatdifferentcolorshavedifferentweightinamansmind.Sohedidmanytestsandatlasthegottheresult.Thatistosay，everycolorhasitsownweightinourmindandtheirorderisthesame.Theheaviestcolorisred，thenblue，green，orange，yellowandwhite.Thescientisttoldusthatcolorsalsohavesmell.Canyousmellthecolor？Ofcoursenot.Thenwhydidthescientistsayso？Thatisbecauseeverycolorstandsforakindoflightwithacertainwavelength.Itreachesourbrainthroughsenseorgans.,Accordingtothisdiscovery，scientistssaythatpeopleacceptthecolorstheylike，andrefusethecolorstheyhate.Soyourbodyandmindwillbehealthybyusingthecolorsyoulike.Oryoullbenervousorevengetill.Forexample，ifyoustayinaroomwithredwindows，wallpapersandfurniturefortwohours，youllfeelyouhavebeenthereforfourhours.Butiftheroomisblue，youllfeelyouhavebeenthereforonlyanhour.Anotherexample，ifapersonwalksoutofaredroomandintoablueroom，histemperaturewillfall.Thatmeansourbodytemperaturewillchangewithdifferentcolors.,1Fromtheexperiment，weknowthat_AaredboxisheavierthanawhiteoneBcolorscanchangetheweightofanobjectCtheredpaperisheavierthanthewhitepaperDcolorshavedifferentweightsinpeoplesmind2Fromthefourthparagraph，wecaninfer(推断)_AeverycolorhasitsownsweetsmellBpeoplecansensethelightfromcolorsCpeoplecansmellthecolorsthroughthenoseDallthecolorshavethesamesmellfortheblind,D,B,3WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？_AWhitecolorisheavierthanredcolor.BPeoplemaygetilliftheyrefusethecolorstheydontlike.CPeoplecanstaylongerinredroomsthaninbluerooms.DPeoplesbodytemperaturewillchangewithdifferentcolors.4Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat_AredcolorisbadforourhealthBpeoplemaygetnervousinaredroomCbluecolorcanraiseourbodytemperatureDcolorscaninfluenceourmoodandhealth,D,D,5Thepassageisprobably_AashortnovelBanewsreportCasciencereportDanadvertisement,C,D(2015，广东)ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountrieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputerstoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131，000kilogramsofbrokencomputers，TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste，orewaste.Dealingwiththemisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonslikemercury(汞)andlead(铅)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown，itneedstobedealtwithsafely.Butatpresent，brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburiedItmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoneintheearth.,ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbyewaste.GuiyuinGuangdongProvinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas“theewastecapitaloftheworld”Ithastodealwith1.5millionkilogramsofewasteeachyear，fromwhichitmakes75millionyuan.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonsinewastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers.Greenpeace，anenvironmentalgroup，hasfoundtheair，theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.,TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop，butinawaythatdoesntdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeopleslife.Thisyear，Chinapassedanewenvironmentalprotectionlaw，thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercompanieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompaniesthatmakecomputersknowbesthowtodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully，theproblemwithewastewillbesolvedinthenearfuture.1TheewastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom_AFranceBJapanCGermanyDAustralia,B,2Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans_inthepassage.A焚烧B障碍C回收D掩埋3ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince_AistheecapitaloftheworldBhasseriousewastepollutionCdealwithewastesafelyDspendsmuchmoneyonewaste,D,B,4Thisyear，theChinesegovernment_AtriedtochangepeopleslifeBclosedsomecomputercompaniesCmadeanewenvironmentprotectionlawDaskedp