Reiss莱斯文体分类.ppt

KatharinaReiss,凯瑟琳娜莱斯,功能学派代表人物及作品,凯瑟琳娜莱斯（KatharinaReiss）-文本类型理论汉斯弗米尔（HansVermeer）-目的论贾斯塔霍茨-曼塔里（JustaHolzManttari）-翻译行为论克里斯汀娜诺德（ChristianeNord）-功能加忠诚理论汉斯荷尼西（HansG.Honig）if,besidesthelanguagedifferenceoftheTLreaders,thereisachangeinthereadingcircle,etc.举例,Writtentextsaretobecharacterizedas“one-waycommunication”。Thismeans,ontheonehand,thatnon-linguisticelementscontributingtooralcommunicationarepartlyverbalized.(gestures,facialexpressions,speedofspeech,intonation,etc.),1.2Communicationcompriseslinguisticandnon-linguisticaction,Ontheotherhand,thetextanalysisismademoredifficultbythelimitationofthepossibilitiesofexplicitverbalizationofsuchelementsaswellasbythespatio-temporalseparationbetweenaddresserandaddresseeandthelackoffeedbackduringtheactofcommunication.,1.3Asignificantfactorfortranslating,Languageisatemporalphenomenonandthussubjecttotheconditionsoftime.Thisalsoappliestolanguageinwrittentexts,whichisasignificantfactorfortranslating.Twoconsequenceofthefact:FirstconsequenceisthatSLtextdoesnotguaranteefunctionalequivalencewithTLtextanymore.SecondconsequencemaybethelossofunderstandingoftheoriginalSLtextfunctions.,2.0PhraseofanalysisInordertoplaceafunctionallyequivalentTLtextbesideanSLtextthetranslatorshouldclarifythefunctionsoftheSLtext.Thismaybedoneinathree-stage-process.Theyarethefollowingthreeparts-texttype,textvarietyandstyle.2.1Establishmentofthetext-typeText-type:Aphenomenongoingbeyondasinglelinguisticorculturalcontext.,Therearethreetexttypes,a.Thecommunicationofcontent-informativetypeb.Thecommunicationofartisticallyorganizedcontent-expressivetypec.Thecommunicationofcontentwithapersuasivecharacter-operativetypeEg.a,Theparticularfrequencyofwordsandphrasesofevaluation(positivefortheaddresserorforthecausetowhichhehascommittedhimself;negativeforanyobstacletohiscommitment),b,“Thefeaturethatspeechelementsarecapableofpointingbeyondthemselvestoasignificanceofthewhole”(Grosse1976)c,?Mixedforms:whenweacceptthethreetexttypes,theinformative,expressiveandtheoperativetype,asthebasicformsofwrittencommunication(intercultural),itshouldbetakenintoaccountthatthesetypesarenotonlyrealizedintheir“pure”form,thatis,thattheydonotalwaysappearintheir“fullyrealizedform”.,Eg.versifiedlegaltextsintheMiddleAges;inorderfortheircontenttobeacceptable,theyhadtobepresentedinverseform=greaterdignityofrhymedlanguage!(Mixedformbetweeninformativeandexpressivetexttype.)Aadditionaltype,ahyper-type-themulti-medialtexttype.Theneedforthisarisesfromthefactthatthetranslatingmaterialdoesnotonlyconsistofwrittentexts,butalsoincludeverbaltexts,2.2EstablishmentofthetextvarietyTextvariety:assuper-individualactsofspeechorwriting,whicharelinkedtorecurrentactionsofcommunicationsandinwhichparticularpatternsoflanguageandstructurehavedevelopedbecauseoftheirrecurrenceinsimilarcommunicativeconstellations.Eg.1.24lines+2lines:structuralpatternforthesonnet,2.Englishdeathnotice:FRANCIS.OnThursday,March17,Jenny,belovedwifeofTonyFrancisandmotherofAnthony.ServiceatSt.MarysChurch,Elloughton,9.50a.m.,Tuesday,March22,followedbycremation.Nolettersorflowers,please.,2.3EstablishmentoftheanalysisofstyleLetstyleinthisconnectionbeunderstoodtomeantheadhocselectionoflinguisticsignsandoftheirpossibilitiesofcombinationsuppliedbythelanguagesystem.,3.0PhaseofreverbalizationThe