动名词与不定式作主语.ppt

ModuleFourGrammar,theusageofingform,1.动名词与不定式作主语,(1).表示一般抽象概念均可。Reading/Toreadgoodbooksenrichesourmind.(2).表具体的特定情况或有待于完成的动作，常用不定式。Swimmingisgoodforhealth,buttoswiminsuchapollutedriverisharmfultohealth.,(3).在it作形式主语的句中，若表语是necessary,important等形容词时，后面只用不定式，若表语是nouse,nogood,awasteoftime时，常用动名词。ItisnecessarytospendenoughtimeonEnglishifyouwanttolearnitwell.Itisnouseatallarguingwithhimaboutit.,2.动名词与不定式作表语,(1).通常可以互用。Hishabitishaving/tohaveawalkaftersupper.(2).指具体的、特定情况下或未发生的动作，常用不定式。Yourworktodayistocarrythesethingsupstairs.(3).主语的形式要和表语保持一致。Toseeistobelieve.Seeingisbelieving.,3.后面只跟ing形式作宾语的动词：admit,allow,avoid,delay,dislike,miss,finish,advise,mind,consider,practise,suggest,keep,excuse,enjoy,permit,escape,Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestion.,Wouldyoumindclosingthedoor?,Shesuggestedgoingtothecinema.,后面常跟ing形式作宾语的动词词组：giveup,putoff,carryon,keepon,feellike,getusedto,insiston,lookforwardto,succeedin,thinkof,dreamof,canthelp,beworth,Davidhasgivenupsmoking.,Doyoufeellikegoingouttonight?,Imlookingforwardtomeetingher.,Thepictureisntworthlookingat.,4.只能跟不定式作宾语的动词promise,demand,ask,aim,pretend,wish,hope,expect,manage,canafford,offer,agree,learn,prepare,claim,dare,decide,determine,refuse等。Hefailedtopassthedrivingtest.Heofferedtotakethechildhome.Icantaffordtobuyacar.,5.有些词后跟不定式或动名词意义不同:remember,forget;try;mean;stop,goon;regret;want,need,require,regretdoingsth对已经发生的事感到遗憾。regrettodo对将要说的事感到遗憾。Iregrettelling/havingtoldherwhatIthought.Iregrettotellyouthatyoufailedintheexam.,wantdoing/wanttobedone需要被做Theclassroomreallywants/needs/requirescleaning.Mycarneedsrepairing/toberepaired.,Completethefollowingsentences：,1.HeissointerestedinEnglishthathewillnevergettiredof_speakingitwithhisclassmates.2.Theastronauthopes_outofhisspace-shipandwalkinspace.3.Attheendoftheterm,allthestudentslookforwardto_someholiday.4.Wouldyoupleaseturndowntheradio?Icantstand_tosuchnoiseallthetime.,draw,practise,spend,step,listen,send,have,control,move,work,help,practising,tostep,having,listening,5.Chinahassucceededin_upmanysatellitesintospace.6.Theboyattempted_theboatallbyhimself,butfailed.7.Themanwenton_untillatenighteverydaybecausehehadtocompletethetaskintime.8.OnceIhavepromised_you,Iwilltrymybest.9.Theartistlike