《路虎发动机介绍》PPT课件.ppt

RangeRoverSport,动力总成V8自然吸气/机械增压发动机,学员手册第8部分第571页,由中汽南方蒋凤石翻译,PowertrainV8EnginesN/AandS/C,Workbooksection8Pages571,目的(动力传递部分),注意：本课程与另外一门课程（Denso发动机管理系统）共同组成发动机部分的完整介绍。描述4.4NA和4.2SC发动机的结构特性介绍各种发动机技术参数按照路虎公司政策进行发动机维修正确使用专用工具,Objectives(Powertrain),Note:thiscourseisdesignedtorunalongsidetheDensoEnginemanagementtrainingprogrammeDescribetheFeaturesofthenaturallyaspirated4.4litreandthe4.2litresuperchargedengineDescribethetechnicalspecificationforallenginesCarryoutenginerepairsinlinewithLandRoversPolicyUsespecialtoolscorrectly.,概述,Page9,General,Page9,V8汽油机,90V型铝制缸体铝制汽缸盖每缸4气门无垫片，挺杆直接作用可变气门正时(VVT)机械增压版上未安装初级、次级链式驱动铝制缸床(阶梯型结构)碎裂式连杆两根V型驱动皮带电控EGR(机械增压版未装)引入机械增压在Bridgend的发动机厂组装,Page9,V8PetrolEngine,90VeeAluminiumcylinderblockAluminiumcylinderheads-FourvalvespercylinderShim-less,tappetbucketsVariablevalvetiming(VVT)notonsuperchargerPrimaryandsecondarychaindrivesAluminiumbedplate(ladderframe)FracturesplitconnectingrodsTwinmulti-veedrivebeltsElectronicEGR(noEGRonsupercharger)SuperchargerintroducedBuiltattheBridgendengineplant.,Page9,BaseEngine,AJ-41V8NA发动机是AJ-33V8NA的改良版新型AJ-41/43V8发动机将投放所有市场变更要点：深式油底壳修正FEAD(发动机驱动风扇)排放标准达到欧4USLEVII修正EGR15,000英里机油保养(欧洲),7,500英里换机油(美国)无回油管路系统修正冷却水出口控制(throttletodifferentsideofvehicle)无垫片,BaseEngine,AJ-41V8NAEngineismodifiedversionofAJ-33V8NAThenewAJ-41/43V8willbelaunchedintoallmarkets.KeyV8enginechangesovertheJaguarversion:-DeepSumpRevisedFEAD(enginedrivenfan)TailpipeemissionsEuropeCylinderboresizeis86mminsteadof88mmPistoncoolingjetsareboltedintotapingsintothemainoilgallerydirectedattheundersideofpistoncrown.Fourjetseachhavetwonozzles.Tapingsareleftunmachinedfor4.4LNA.,Page14,缸号/发动机数据,*SLHPT*CBBC*22222211*KMKMK*0008230756,曲轴轴颈等级,曲轴曲柄销等级,缸镗等级,日期/时间,曲轴轴承孔,发动机数据左侧,Page15,Cylindernumbering/enginedata,*SLHPT*CBBC*22222211*KMKMK*0008230756,Maincrankshaftjournalgrades,CrankshaftpinGrades,CylinderboreGrades,Date/time,MainCrankbores,Enginedatalefthandside,Page15,发动机数据3个位置,发动机缸体上有两个另外一个在发动机前盖上如0408232319AA04=年08=月份23=日期2319=时间AA=自然进气SA=机械增压,EngineData3Locations,TwolocationsoncylinderblockOneonenginefrontcoverExampleofcoding0408232319AA04=200408=August23=Day2319=TimeAA=NaturallyAspiratedSA=Supercharged,曲轴,活塞铸造深式活塞(压缩比9.1:1)，活塞销22mm(NA发动机21mm)活塞销固定卡簧和连杆小端轴承设计和4.4LNA发动机一样例如活塞销在飞溅润滑的铜套中浮动和4.4LNA发动机一样镗缸有三个等级可靠的油环（最底端的活塞环）控制(4.4LNA发动机是相互分离的三活塞环设计).连杆22mm的连杆销直径与4.4LNA发动机不同；将来会有两个连杆供应商，标记符号方面可能会有不同。曲轴、曲轴轴承、连杆大头轴承与NA发动机相同(90.3mm行程),Page16,Crankshaft,PistonsForgeddeepdishpiston(CR9.1:1)with22mmpindiameter.(21mmforNA)Designofpistonpinretention(circlips)andlittle-endbearingsameas4.4LNAi.e.floatingpininsplash-fedbronzebush.Threegradesas4.4LNA.Solidoilcontrol(bottom)ring(4.4LNAisthreepiecesegmented).ConrodsDifferentto4.4LNAdueto22mmpindiameter.(Tworodsuppliersinfuturetransparenttoservicebutsomemarkingsmaydiffer).Crank,MainandBig-EndBearings,SameasNAengine(90.3Stroke),Page16,汽缸盖,铸造、加工及组装同4.4L自然进气式包括阀座、气门导杆、凸轮轴盖及油堵头(AvdelPlugs)注意：对于机械增压发动机，每个缸盖均需一个额外的油堵头以堵住未用的VVT出油口。气门、气门弹簧、气门琐销同4.4L自然进气式凸轮轴不同的进、排凸轮轴，SC发动机气门叠开角度更小，对正时可采用相同的凸轮轴固定工具。,CylinderHeads,HeadCastingandMachining-RFIsuppressormountedatrearofB-Bankintercooler-Stylingcovermountingslongpillarstudsfittedtointercoolers-Purgesystem.Purgevalvemountstobracketonbellhousing-NVH“stuffer”undercobraduct(BlackT-shapedpad).-NoEGR-CamshaftcoversIfapart/systemhasntbeenmentionedyetthenitiscommon.Theseinclude;Ignitionsystem(Sparkplugsandcoils)EnginemountingbracketsandboltsChaindrivecoverLubricationsystem(sump,oilpickup,oilpump,dipstickandtube).,Details/Commonalities,机械增压,Supplier-EatonModel-M112-4H336F066BAPerformancegainapprox60KW(80HP)0.8barinletpressure(gauge)1.8barabsolute,Page37,Supercharging,Supplier-EatonModel-M112-4H336F066BAPerformancegainapprox60KW(80HP)0.8barinletpressure(gauge)1.8barabsolute,Page37,机械增压,发动机动力取决于可消耗的空气量通常方法是靠大气压力提供发动机进气如果空气在高压情况下进入汽缸就可以获得更多的进气量，这就是：机械增压,Page38,Supercharging,PoweroftheenginedependsuponmassofairitcanconsumeNormalmethodallowsatmospheretoforceairintotheengineIftheairisforcedintocylindersunderpressurehigherthanatmospheric,agreatermassofairwillenterthecylinderandtheenginewillbe:Supercharged,Page38,中冷器,经过增压单元压缩后进气温度通常超过160每侧都有单独的水冷空气散热器。这种近距离的小体积散热器有利于减小“增压延迟现象”。为获得最大的冷却效果，中冷器冷却回路与发动机冷却水路是分开的(中冷器冷却有自己的水泵，是独立的回路)气流由上部大出口流出，分成A、B两部分支流，然后通过两个喉管再进入各自的中冷器。,Intercoolers,Aftercompressioninthesuperchargerunit,theintakeairtemperatureoftenexceeds160degreesC.Separateairtowaterheatexchangermatricesforeachbank.Closecoupledsmallvolumeheatexchangersminimiseboost“lag”.Coolingcircuitforintercoolersisseparatetoenginesystemforgreatestcoolingeffect.(Separatepumpedcircuit)AirflowexitssuperchargerfromonelargeportontopsurfaceflowthendivergesintoA-bankandB-bankstreams(“wingduct”)beforeenteringeachintercooler.,分解图,驱动齿轮,齿轮外科/油底壳,叶片,驱动皮带轮,支撑轴承,构造:,输入轴,ExplodedView,Geardrive,Gearhousing/sump,Vanes,Drivepulley,Supportbearing,Construction:,Inputshaft,机械增压,Supercharger,机械增压,组成:转子安装于钢轴上轴在前部滚子轴承上运转（后部为滚针轴承）螺旋齿被压向前部钢轴螺旋齿轮由润滑油密封(油池,全合成润滑油)不要进行维修驱动皮带盘安装在钢轴上，与斜齿轮柔性耦合连接,Supercharger,Assembly:TherotorsaremountedonsteelshaftsTheshaftsrunonbearings(needlerollerrear)deepgrooveballbearingfrontHelicalgearsarepressedontothefrontofthesteelshaftsThehelicalgearsarelubricated(oilbath,fullysyntheticPTFEbased)sealedforlifeDONOTTOPUPINSERVICEDrivepulleyismountedonthesteelshaftandisconnectedtothedriverhelicalgearviaatorsionsoftcoupling,机械增压器,Supercharger,机械增压,中冷器,机械增压,节气门体,旁通阀,机械增压系统,Intercooler,Supercharger,Throttlebody,By-passvalve,SuperchargedSystem,中冷器,水冷铝制结构每侧一个,连接水管,来自机械增压,Page39,Intercooler,WatercooledAluminiumconstruction1Perbank,Waterconnections,Fromsupercharger,Page39,中冷器,散热片管路实现气液热交换,Intercoolers,Finandtubeair-to-liquidheatexchangers,压力控制阀,进气,机械增压,压力控制阀,在机械增压上利用旁通空气控制压力,Pressurecontrolvalve,Airintake,Supercharger,Pressurecontrolvalve,By-passesairtocontrolPressureinsupercharger,压力控制阀,真空操作旁通阀（真空管在节气门体下游控制）怠速及巡航条件下旁通阀全开提供最大的旁通进气量以获得最佳的燃油经济性。当节气门打开时旁通气阀逐渐关闭以减少旁通气流增加空气供给压力，从而获得发动机的最佳动力输出。,Page40,Pressurecontrolvalve,Vacuumoperatedbypassvalve.(Vacuumpipedownstreamofthrottlebodytoactuatorunit).IdleandmostcruiseconditionsthebypassvalveisfullyopentoprovidemaximumbypassandoptimumfueleconomyAsthethrottleopensthebypassvalveprogressivelyclosestoreducebypassflowandincreasethepressureoftheairsuppliedtotheengineforoptimumpoweroutput.,Page40,旁通阀,旁通阀,真空阀,阀连接,Bypassvalve,Bypassvalve,Vacuumvalve,Valvelinkage,压力控制阀,严禁在压力控制阀不连接的情况下着车，否则将会导致严重的发动机损坏这是因为机械增压过热、疲劳卡死，甚至达到疲劳极限注意:如果在维修过程中压力控制阀损坏，会导致发动机运转时机械增压严重的损坏,真空阀,Pressurecontrolvalve,NEVERRUNtheenginewiththepressurecontrolvalvedisconnectedotherwisesevereenginedamagewillresultThiswillcausethesuperchargertooverheatandseize,evenifrunningwasforalimitedperiodNote:Ifpressurecontrolvalvefailsinserviceseriousdamageiscausedtothesupercharger,Vacuumvalve,机械增压维修,密封部件-只能换件：机械增压部件应该运转自由-没有明显受限在发动机运转情况下不要执行以下操作：拆除驱动皮带情况下检测机械增压拆卸真空管,SuperchargerServicing,Sealedcomponent-REPLACEMENTONLY:ThesuperchargershouldbefreerunningwithoutnoticeablerestrictionDonotconductanyofthefollowingwiththeenginerunningTestsuperchargerwithdrivebeltremovedDisconnectvacuumpipes,机械增压诊断,扭转耦合:拆除任节气门肘或机械增压出口用手抑制转子的运动（不要使用工具）无负载情况下用手旋转驱动皮带，原设计是大约30度注意:这种运动是正常的并且可消除怠速异响,SuperchargerDiagnostics,Torsioncoupling:RemoveeitherthrottleelboworsuperchargeroutlethousingRestrainrotormovementwithhand(DONOTusetools)Rotatedrivepulleybyhand,approx30degreestotalmovementinunloadedconditionisthedesignconditionNote:Thismovementisnormalandisrequiredtoeliminateidlespeedgearchirp,机械增压诊断,SuperchargerDiagnostics,机械增压诊断,外观检查：转子具有明显磨损（磨光）是可以接受的当磨掉特殊镀层(允许保持转子和壳体最小间隙)时会看到磨光的情况严重划痕情况，例如转子上磨损可见铝制材料是不可接受的(不要与磨光混淆)严重的划痕可能导致外物进入机械增压,SuperchargerDiagnostics,GeneralVisualexamination:EvidenceofpolishingontherotorsisacceptableThisoccursasaresultofremovalofhighspotsofspecialcoating(thisallowsminimumclearancetobemaintainedbetweenrotorsandcasing)Heavyscoringi.e.Aluminiumbasematerialbecomesvisibleonrotorsisnotacceptable(donotconfusewithpolishing)Isolatedorrandomheavyscoringisgenerallyaresultofforeignbodyingressintothesupercharger,可变气门正时,工作原理油经过三角支架总成进入各个VVT执行器，三角支架总成包括VVT电磁阀、油道及正时链导向机构发动机管理系统通过安装在三脚架顶部的电磁阀来控制凸轮轴的提前或滞后。,Page45,VariableValvetiming,OperatingprincipalOilisfedtothefrontofeachVVTactuatorviathespiderbracketassemblywhichcontainstheVVTactuatorsolenoid,supplyoilgalleriesandtimingchainguide.Oilpressureadvancesandretardsthecamshafttimingwhichiscontrolledbytheenginemanagementsystemviaasolenoidvalvemountedinthetopoftheoilfeedspiderassembly.,Page45,可变气门正时,凸轮轴正时Camshafttiming:依据发动机转速、负载及油压进行调整,Page46,VariableValvetiming,Camshafttiming:dependantonenginespeed,loadandoiltemperature.,Page46,SC发动机需要对机油进行外部风冷，从冷却器供油回油到发动机油底壳前滤网的油道前部滤网包含一个温度调节装置，防止油温低于103,机滤,Page49,SCenginerequiresexternalairblastoilcooler.Pipeworktofeedandreturnfromthiscoolerplumbsintotheengineoilgalleriesintheoilfilerhousingonthefrontofthesump.Thisfilterheadcontainsathermostaticvalvewhichpreventsoilflowbelow103degreesCoiltemp.,OilFilterHead,Page49,冷却系统,冷却系统Page53,Cooling,CoolingSystemsPage53,S/C冷却回路,用水冷却空气此处连接使得层压器冷却水路和发动机冷去水路相连，但在系统工作时两个水路的冷却水是不互相传热（流通）的。通过BOSCH电子泵驱动，通过塑料支架和销子安装在散热器边侧,S/CCoolantCircuit,WaterchargeaircoolingVortexconnectiontotophose,providingsinglepointforfill/degasbutremainsthermallydecoupled.DrivenbyBoschelectricpump,mountedtoradiatorendtankwithpushfitplasticbracketandpin.ServicefillscrewinbrickfeedTpiece(deletedfrombricks),S/C冷却水管,加热管，快速接口发动机和防火墙无辅助加热选项散热器到发动机有排气管排水管由膨胀箱到快速接口再到发动机,CoolantHosesS/C,Heaterpipes,quickfittobulkheadandengineNoauxiliaryheateroptionBleedhosefromradiatorandengine.Drainhosefromexpansiontank,quickfittoengine.,S/C机油冷却器及管路,两个油冷却器并联，均来自发动机节温器出水口。片装水冷器安装在底盘横梁上。冷却器上装有快速连接油管。到冷却器的冷却水从水管的两个T型连接处引出。,S/CEngineOilCoolersandPipes,Twooilcoolersinparallel,fedfromenginethermostatport.Platewateroilcoolermountedoffcrossmember,Oilhosesquickfittedt