基础物理常数全表PDF.pdf

From: /constants Fundamental Physical Constants Complete Listing Relative std. QuantitySymbolValueUnituncert. ur UNIVERSAL speed of light in vacuumc,c0299792458m s1(exact) magnetic constant04 107N A2 = 12.566370614. 107N A2(exact) electric constant 1/0c208.854187817. 1012F m1(exact) characteristic impedance of vacuum p 0/?0= 0c Z0376.730313461.(exact) Newtonian constant of gravitationG6.673(10) 1011m3kg1s21.5 103 G/ hc6.707(10) 1039(GeV/c2)21.5 103 Planck constanth6.62606876(52) 1034J s7.8 108 in eV s4.13566727(16) 1015eV s3.9 108 h/2 h1.054571596(82) 1034J s7.8 108 in eV s6.58211889(26) 1016eV s3.9 108 Planck mass ( hc/G)1/2mP2.1767(16) 108kg7.5 104 Planck length h/mPc = ( hG/c3)1/2lP1.6160(12) 1035m7.5 104 Planck time lP/c = ( hG/c5)1/2tP5.3906(40) 1044s7.5 104 ELECTROMAGNETIC elementary chargee1.602176462(63) 1019C3.9 108 e/h2.417989491(95) 1014A J13.9 108 magnetic fl ux quantum h/2e02.067833636(81) 1015Wb3.9 108 conductance quantum 2e2/hG07.748091696(28) 105S3.7 109 inverse of conductance quantumG1 0 12906.403786(47)3.7 109 Josephson constanta2e/hKJ483597.898(19) 109Hz V13.9 108 von Klitzing constantb h/e2= 0c/2RK25812.807572(95)3.7 109 Bohr magneton e h/2meB927.400899(37) 1026J T14.0 108 in eV T15.788381749(43) 105eV T17.3 109 B/h13.99624624(56) 109Hz T14.0 108 B/hc46.6864521(19)m1T14.0 108 B/k0.6717131(12)K T11.7 106 nuclear magneton e h/2mpN5.05078317(20) 1027J T14.0 108 in eV T13.152451238(24) 108eV T17.6 109 N/h7.62259396(31)MHz T14.0 108 N/hc2.54262366(10) 102m1T14.0 108 N/k3.6582638(64) 104K T11.7 106 ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR General fi ne-structure constant e2/4?0 hc7.297352533(27) 1033.7 109 inverse fi ne-structure constant1137.03599976(50)3.7 109 Page1Source: Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 1998, Reviews of Modern Physics, 72, 351 (2000). From: /constants Fundamental Physical Constants Complete Listing Relative std. QuantitySymbolValueUnituncert. ur Rydberg constant 2mec/2hR10973731.568549(83)m17.6 1012 Rc3.289841960368(25) 1015Hz7.6 1012 Rhc2.17987190(17) 1018J7.8 108 Rhc in eV13.60569172(53)eV3.9 108 Bohr radius /4R= 4?0 h2/mee2a00.5291772083(19) 1010m3.7 109 Hartree energy e2/40a0= 2Rhc = 2mec2Eh4.35974381(34) 1018J7.8 108 in eV27.2113834(11)eV3.9 108 quantum of circulationh/2me3.636947516(27) 104m2s17.3 109 h/me7.273895032(53) 104m2s17.3 109 Electroweak Fermi coupling constantcGF/( hc)31.16639(1) 105GeV28.6 106 weak mixing angledW(on-shell scheme) sin2W= s2 W 1 (mW/mZ)2sin2W0.2224(19)8.7 103 Electron, e electron massme9.10938188(72) 1031kg7.9 108 in u, me= Ar(e) u (electron relative atomic mass times u)5.485799110(12) 104u2.1 109 energy equivalentmec28.18710414(64) 1014J7.9 108 in MeV0.510998902(21)MeV4.0 108 electron-muon mass ratiome/m4.83633210(15) 1033.0 108 electron-tau mass ratiome/m2.87555(47) 1041.6 104 electron-proton mass ratiome/mp5.446170232(12) 1042.1 109 electron-neutron mass ratiome/mn5.438673462(12) 1042.2 109 electron-deuteron mass ratiome/md2.7244371170(58) 1042.1 109 electron to alpha particle mass ratiome/m1.3709335611(29) 1042.1 109 electron charge to mass quotiente/me1.758820174(71) 1011C kg14.0 108 electron molar mass NAmeM(e),Me5.485799110(12) 107kg mol12.1 109 Compton wavelength h/mecC2.426310215(18) 1012m7.3 109 C/2 = a0= 2/4RC386.1592642(28) 1015m7.3 109 classical electron radius 2a0re2.817940285(31) 1015m1.1 108 Thomson cross section (8/3)r2 e e0.665245854(15) 1028m22.2 108 electron magnetic momente928.476362(37) 1026J T14.0 108 to Bohr magneton ratioe/B1.0011596521869(41)4.1 1012 to nuclear magneton ratioe/N1838.2819660(39)2.1 109 electron magnetic moment anomaly |e|/B 1ae1.1596521869(41) 1033.5 109 electron g-factor 2(1 + ae)ge2.0023193043737(82)4.1 1012 electron-muon magnetic moment ratioe/206.7669720(63)3.0 108 Page2Source: Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 1998, Reviews of Modern Physics 72, 351 (2000). From: /constants Fundamental Physical Constants Complete Listing Relative std. QuantitySymbolValueUnituncert. ur electron-proton magnetic moment ratioe/p658.2106875(66)1.0 108 electron to shielded proton magnetic moment ratioe/0p658.2275954(71)1.1 108 (H2O, sphere, 25 C) electron-neutron magnetic moment ratioe/n960.92050(23)2.4 107 electron-deuteron magnetic moment ratioe/d2143.923498(23)1.1 108 electron to shielded helione magnetic moment ratioe/0 h 864.058255(10)1.2 108 (gas, sphere, 25 C) electron gyromagnetic ratio 2|e|/ he1.760859794(71) 1011s1T14.0 108 e/228024.9540(11)MHz T14.0 108 Muon, muon massm1.88353109(16) 1028kg8.4 108 in u, m= Ar() u (muon relative atomic mass times u)0.1134289168(34)u3.0 108 energy equivalentmc21.69283332(14) 1011J8.4 108 in MeV105.6583568(52)MeV4.9 108 muon-electron mass ratiom/me206.7682657(63)3.0 108 muon-tau mass ratiom/m5.94572(97) 1021.6 104 muon-proton mass ratiom/mp0.1126095173(34)3.0 108 muon-neutron mass ratiom/mn0.1124545079(34)3.0 108 muon molar mass NAmM(),M0.1134289168(34) 103kg mol13.0 108 muon Compton wavelength h/mcC,11.73444197(35) 1015m2.9 108 C,/2C,1.867594444(55) 1015m2.9 108 muon magnetic moment4.49044813(22) 1026J T14.9 108 to Bohr magneton ratio/B4.84197085(15) 1033.0 108 to nuclear magneton ratio/N8.89059770(27)3.0 108 muon magnetic moment anomaly |/(e h/2m) 1a1.16591602(64) 1035.5 107 muon g-factor 2(1 + a)g2.0023318320(13)6.4 1010 muon-proton magnetic moment ratio/p3.18334539(10)3.2 108 Tau, tau massfm3.16788(52) 1027kg1.6 104 in u, m= Ar() u (tau relative atomic mass times u)1.90774(31)u1.6 104 energy equivalentmc22.84715(46) 1010J1.6 104 in MeV1777.05(29)MeV1.6 104 Page3Source: Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 1998, Reviews of Modern Physics 72, 351 (2000). From: /constants Fundamental Physical Constants Complete Listing Relative std. QuantitySymbolValueUnituncert. ur tau-electron mass ratiom/me3477.60(57)1.6 104 tau-muon mass ratiom/m16.8188(27)1.6 104 tau-proton mass ratiom/mp1.89396(31)1.6 104 tau-neutron mass ratiom/mn1.89135(31)1.6 104 tau molar mass NAmM(),M1.90774(31) 103kg mol11.6 104 tau Compton wavelength h/mcC,0.69770(11) 1015m1.6 104 C,/2C,0.111042(18) 1015m1.6 104 Proton, p proton massmp1.67262158(13) 1027kg7.9 108 in u, mp= Ar(p) u (proton relative atomic mass times u)1.00727646688(13)u1.3 1010 energy equivalentmpc21.50327731(12) 1010J7.9 108 in MeV938.271998(38)MeV4.0 108 proton-electron mass ratiomp/me1836.1526675(39)2.1 109 proton-muon mass ratiomp/m8.88024408(27)3.0 108 proton-tau mass ratiomp/m0.527994(86)1.6 104 proton-neutron mass ratiomp/mn0.99862347855(58)5.8 1010 proton charge to mass quotiente/mp9.57883408(38) 107C kg14.0 108 proton molar mass NAmpM(p), Mp1.00727646688(13) 103kg mol11.3 1010 proton Compton wavelength h/mpcC,p1.321409847(10) 1015m7.6 109 C,p/2C,p0.2103089089(16) 1015m7.6 109 proton magnetic momentp1.410606633(58) 1026J T14.1 108 to Bohr magneton ratiop/B1.521032203(15) 1031.0 108 to nuclear magneton ratiop/N2.792847337(29)1.0 108 proton g-factor 2p/Ngp5.585694675(57)1.0 108 proton-neutron magnetic moment ratiop/n1.45989805(34)2.4 107 shielded proton magnetic moment0p1.410570399(59) 1026J T14.2 108 (H2O, sphere, 25 C) to Bohr magneton ratio0p/B1.520993132(16) 1031.1 108 to nuclear magneton ratio0p/N2.792775597(31)1.1 108 proton magnetic shielding correction 1 0p/p0 p 25.687(15) 1065.7 104 (H2O, sphere, 25 C) proton gyromagnetic ratio 2p/ hp2.67522212(11) 108s1T14.1 108 p/242.5774825(18)MHz T14.1 108 shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio 20p/ h0 p 2.67515341(11) 108s1T14.2 108 (H2O, sphere, 25 C) 0 p/2 42.5763888(18)MHz T14.2 108 Neutron, n Page4Source: Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 1998, Reviews of Modern Physics 72, 351 (2000). From: /constants Fundamental Physical Constants Complete Listing Relative std. QuantitySymbolValueUnituncert. ur neutron massmn1.67492716(13) 1027kg7.9 108 in u, mn= Ar(n) u (neutron relative atomic mass times u)1.00866491578(55)u5.4 1010 energy equivalentmnc21.50534946(12) 1010J7.9 108 in MeV939.565330(38)MeV4.0 108 neutron-electron mass ratiomn/me1838.6836550(40)2.2 109 neutron-muon mass ratiomn/m8.89248478(27)3.0 108 neutron-tau mass ratiomn/m0.528722(86)1.6 104 neutron-proton mass ratiomn/mp1.00137841887(58)5.8 1010 neutron molar mass NAmnM(n),Mn1.00866491578(55) 103kg mol15.4 1010 neutron Compton wavelength h/mncC,n1.319590898(10) 1015m7.6 109 C,n/2C,n0.2100194142(16) 1015m7.6 109 neutron magnetic momentn0.96623640(23) 1026J T12.4 107 to Bohr magneton ration/B1.04187563(25) 1032.4 107 to nuclear magneton ration/N1.91304272(45)2.4 107 neutron g-factor 2n/Ngn3.82608545(90)2.4 107 neutron-electron magnetic moment ration/e1.04066882(25) 1032.4 107 neutron-proton magnetic moment ration/p0.68497934(16)2.4 107 neutron to shielded proton magnetic moment ration/0p0.68499694(16)2.4 107 (H2O, sphere, 25 C) neutron gyromagnetic ratio 2|n|/ hn1.83247188(44) 108s1T12.4 107 n/229.1646958(70)MHz T12.4 107 Deuteron, d deuteron massmd3.34358309(26) 1027kg7.9 108 in u, md= Ar(d) u (deuteron relative atomic mass times u)2.01355321271(35)u1.7 1010 energy equivalentmdc23.00506262(24) 1010J7.9 108 in MeV1875.612762(75)MeV4.0 108 deuteron-electron mass ratiomd/me3670.4829550(78)2.1 109 deuteron-proton mass ratiomd/mp1.99900750083(41)2.0 1010 deuteron molar mass NAmdM(d),Md2.01355321271(35) 103kg mol11.7 1010 deuteron magnetic momentd0.433073457(18) 1026J T14.2 108 to Bohr magneton ratiod/B0.4669754556(50) 1031.1 108 to nuclear magneton ratiod/N0.8574382284(94)1.1 108 deuteron-electron magnetic moment ratiod/e4.664345537(50) 1041.1 108 deuteron-proton magnetic moment ratiod/p0.3070122083(45)1.5 108 Page5Source: Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 1998, Reviews of Modern Physics 72, 351 (2000). From: /constants Fundamental Physical Constants Complete Listing Relative std. QuantitySymbolValueUnituncert. ur deuteron-neutron magnetic moment ratiod/n0.44820652(11)2.4 107 Helion, h helion massemh5.00641174(39) 1027kg7.9 108 in u, mh= Ar(h) u (helion relative atomic mass times u)3.01493223469(86)u2.8 1010 energy equivalentmhc24.49953848(35) 1010J7.9 108 in MeV2808.39132(11)MeV4.0 108 helion-electron mass ratiomh/me5495.885238(12)2.1 109 helion-proton mass ratiomh/mp2.99315265850(93)3.1 1010 helion molar mass NAmhM(h),Mh3.01493223469(86) 103kg mol12.8 1010 shielded helion magnetic moment0 h 1.074552967(45) 1026J T14.2 108 (gas, sphere, 25 C) to Bohr magneton ratio0 h/B 1.158671474(14) 1031.2 108 to nuclear magneton ratio0 h/N 2.127497718(25)1.2 108 shielded helion to proton magnetic moment ratio0 h/p 0.761766563(12)1.5 108 (gas, sphere, 25 C) shielded helion to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio0 h/ 0 p 0.7617861313(33)4.3 109 (gas/H2O, spheres, 25 C) shielded helion gyromagnetic ratio 2|0 h|/ h 0 h 2.037894764(85) 108s1T14.2 108 (gas, sphere, 25 C) 0 h/2 32.4341025(14)MHz T14.2 108 Alpha particle, alpha particle massm6.64465598(52) 1027kg7.9 108 in u, m= Ar() u (alpha particle relative atomic mass times u)4.0015061747(10)u2.5 1010 energy equivalentmc25.97191897(47) 1010J7.9 108 in MeV3727.37904(15)MeV4.0 108 alpha particle to electron mass ratiom/me7294.299508(16)2.1 109 alpha particle to proton mass ratiom/mp3.9725996846(11)2.8 1010 alpha particle molar mass NAmM(),M4.0015061747(10) 103kg mol12.5 1010 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL Avogadro constantNA,L6.02214199(47) 1023mol17.9 108 atomic mass constant mu= 1 12m( 12C) = 1 u mu1.66053873(13) 1027kg7.9 108 = 103kg mol1/NA energy equivalentmuc21.49241778(12) 1010J7.9 108 in MeV931.494013(37)MeV4.0 108 Faraday constantgNAeF96485.3415(39)C mol14.0 108 Page6Source: Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 1998, Reviews of Modern Physics 72, 351 (2000). From: /constants Fundamental Physical Constants Complete Listing Relative std. QuantitySymbolValueUnituncert. ur molar Planck constantNAh3.990312689(30) 1010J s mol17.6 109 NAhc0.11962656492(91)J m mol17.6 109 molar gas constantR8.314472(15)J mol1K11.7 106 Boltzmann constant R/NAk1.3806503(24) 1023J K11.7 106 in eV K18.617342(15) 105eV K11.7 106 k/h2.0836644(36) 1010Hz K11.7 106 k/hc69.50356(12)m1K11.7 106 molar volume of ideal gas RT/p T = 273.15 K, p = 101.325 kPaVm22.413996(39) 103m3mol11.7 106 Loschmidt constant NA/Vmn02.6867775(47) 1025m31.7 106 T = 273.15 K, p = 100 kPaVm22.710981(40) 103m3mol11.7 106 Sackur-Tetrode constant (absolute entropy constant)h 5 2 + ln(2mukT1/h2)3/2kT1/p0 T1= 1 K, p0= 100 kPaS0/R1.1517048(44)3.8 106 T1= 1 K, p0= 101.325 kPa1.1648678(44)3.7 106 Stefan-Boltzmann constant (2/60)k4/ h3c25.670400(40) 108W m2K47.0 106 fi rst radiation constant 2hc2c13.74177107(29) 1016W m27.8 108 fi rst radiation constant for spectral radiance 2hc2c1L1.191042722(93) 1016W m2sr17.8 108 second radiation constant hc/kc21.4387752(25) 102m K1.7 106 Wien displacement law constant b = maxT = c2/4.965114231.b2.8977686(51) 103m K1.7 106 a See the “Adopted values” table for the conventional value adopted internationally for realizing representations of the volt using the Joseph- son effect. b See the “Adopted values” table for the conventional value adopted internationally for realizing representations of the ohm using the quantum Hall effect. c Value recommended by the Particle Data Group, Caso et al., Eur. Phys. J. C 3(1-4), 1-794 (1998). d Based on the ratio of the masses of the W and Z bosons mW/mZrecommended by the Particle Data Group (Caso et al., 1998). The value for sin2W theyrecommend, whichisbasedonaparticularvariantof themodifi ed minimalsubtraction(MS)scheme, issin2W(MZ) = 0.23124(24). e The helion, symbol h, is the nucleus of the 3He atom. f This and all other values involving mare based on the value of mc2in MeV recommended by the Particle Data Group, Caso et al., Eur. Phys. J. C 3(1-4), 1-794 (1998), but with a standard uncertainty of 0.29 Me