初三英语 定语从句讲解和练习

东方龙学校 专业 专注 专为中小学考试 东方热线 87900039 85296739 定语从句讲解和练习定语从句讲解和练习 一、概念: He is the boy who often goes to school late. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 二、原则： a.定语从句必须紧紧地跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先 行词。 b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导。 c.关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分. 三、扩大. She is the old woman whom I saw this morning. Mary is the girl whose parents work in Japan. Is this the key which you are looking for? October 1, 1949 is the day when New China was founded. This is the house where the great man was born. I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today. 四、下列定语从句只能用 that 来引导： 1.先行词为形容词最高级所修饰 This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen. 2.先行词为序数词所修饰 I happened to be the thousandth guest that visited the great hotel. This is the first composition that he has ever written in English. 3.先行词既包括人又包括物 They talked of things and persons that happened in the school. He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 4.主句是 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句中的定语从句 Who is the man that came this morning? Which is the bag that you lost? 5.先行词为 the only, the very, the last, the same 所修饰的定语从句 He is the very person that the police are looking for. This is the only thing that I can remember. 6.先行词是 everything, nothing, something, all, little, much, everybody 等不定代词 Tell us everything that you know, please. Is there anything that you dont understand? 7.先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 修饰时 All that glitters is not gold. Ive read all the books that you gave me. 五、 “介词+ 关系词” 及关系副词 when, where, why 1). The box is full of bottles. He is standing on the box. - The box on which he is standing is full of bottles. The box where he is standing is full of bottles. 2). This is the train. We work on the train. -This is the train on which we work. This is the train where we work. 3). I know the reason. She did it for the reason. -I know the reason for which she did it. I know the reason why she did it. 4). The man is our school master. You shook hands with the man just now. - The man with whom you shook hands is our schoolmaster. 5). The pen is made in Shanghai. She is writing with the pen. - The pen with which she is writing is made in Shanghai. 不能拆开的词组： look for / look after / catch hold of /take care of / put on / take off. 六、非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充，说明的作用，常用逗号分开。关系代词用 who(m), which，关 系副词用 where ,when. 非限制性定语从句不能用 that 来引导. This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end. He was taken to another room, where he found a wounded boy, who was dying. 七、as 作为关系代词， 习惯上用于下列词组： the same.as such .as as . as， soas 1. Take as many books as you want. 2. Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. 3. He read such books as will make him wiser. 4. The town is about the same distance from Nanjing as Yangzhou is. As 用于非限制性定语从句，常见以下句型： as you know, as we have seen, as is known to all, as anybody can see, as was expected, as we can imagine, as has been pointed out as 与 which 的用法区别：as 与 which 在非限制性定语从句中，都可指代整个主句，但 as 引导的从句可 放在主句的句首, 句中或句尾， 而 which 引导的从句只可放在主句的句尾 As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth. Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth, as we have seen. She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honour. 八、the sameas, the same that 的区别 This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. （相似的事物） I am wearing the same coat that I wore yesterday. （同一事物） 九、定语从句和同位语从句的区别: 定语从句相当于形容词作定语， 对先行词加以限制或修饰，同位语从句相当于名词，对先行词加以 补充或说明，连接词 that 在定语从句中充当某个成分，而 that 在同位语从句不充当句子成分. The promise that my uncle gave me made us happy. （定语从句） The promise that my uncle would give me a new bike made us happy. (同位语从句) The news that they had won came. 东方龙学校 专业 专注 专为中小学考试 东方热线 87900039 85296739 十、 关系代词 what 和 that, which 的区别: 先比较下列句子中的 what 和 that: He told us the things that he had seen. - He told us what he had seen. This is the words which I said. - This is what I said. 可以看出 what 实际上等于是 “the thing that(which)”, 即 “先行词+关系词”. 因此在句中如果已有先行 词，则不能用 what，而只能用 that(which)，如没有先行词，则用 what。what 是 一个没有先行词的关词。 定语从句练习定语从句练习 一. 用适当的关系词填空： 1. We are learning English, a language _ is used in many places in the world. 2. Most Americans love Chinese food, _ is cooked in a different way from western food. 3. This magazine belongs to the teacher _ teaches us history. 4. Anyone _ comes to China will surely visit the Great Wall near Beijing. 5. Anyone _ has a cold should have a good rest. 6. The house _ stands on the top of the hill was built last month. 7. The medicine _ he bought is good for your health. 8. He is the only person _ saw the accident yesterday. 9. Tom is trying to read in the room _ the others are watching TV. 10. We wont forget the day _the hero was killed. 11. The student _ the teachers are talking about has won the first prize in the English contest. 12. The newspaper _ you are reading is two days old. 13. Do you remember the time _ we got lost in the park? 14. Ill never forget the time _ we spent together in the army camp. 15. They are building a hospital on the street _ we used to live. 16. The present _ he gave her yesterday evening is still unopened. 17. Happiness is one of the things _ money cannot buy. 18. This is the hospital _ her mother works. 19. Ill never forget the day _ I joined the League. 20. The house _ was pulled down last week is being rebuilt. 21. The man _ wife died last year has gone to Japan. 22. Tell me the reason _ the American lady left. 23. Do you know the boy _ was praised at the meeting? 24. I know the girl _ the teacher praised yesterday. 25. Allen is the girl _ I think will succeed in the test. 26. Everything _ I know will be taught to the students. 27. This is the best film _ I have ever seen. 28. The manager walked toward the gate _ the workers are waiting. 29. You cant go into this room _ they are having a meeting. 30. I still remember the days _ we studied together. 31. The picture _ has a house and flowers is the one I like best. 32. Dont make the same mistake _ you did last time. 33. He failed in the exam, _ surprised us all . 34. He did all _ was necessary to be done. 35. Her parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor. 36. Tom, _ parents are poor workers, always goes hungry. 二. 用“介词+关系代词”填空： 1. Have you ever read the book _ _ there are many pictures? 2. The man _ _ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor. 3. The library _ _ we often borrow books is very large. 4. The gentleman _ _ you just spoke is our headmaster. 5. This is the new bicycle _ _ I spent five hundred dollars. 6. Here are the table tennis players, some _ _ are our old friends. 7. The tool _ _ he is working is called a spade. 8. China has hundreds of islands, the largest _ _ is Taiwan. 9. The school has 2600 students, two thirds _ _ are girls. 10. Water is a liquid, the freezing point _ _ is 0C. 11. Give me a piece of paper _ _ I can write the phone number. 12. The boy built a telescope _ _ he could study the skies. 三. 选择填空： 1. The village _ I once worked has changed a lot.A. which B. where C. that D. / 2. China is a developing country, _ we all know. A. whom B. as C. that D. which 3. He told me of the people and interesting things _ he had seen in America. A. which B. whom C. what D. / 4. Was it at a theater _ they met? A. where B. that C. which D. in which 5. The picture which has many flowers in is _ I like best. A. which B. that C. the one D. where 6. The knife _ he cut the bread is very sharp.A. with which B. with itC. with thatD. which 7. It is you that _ wrong. A. is B. was C. are D. has been 8. He is one of the foreign experts who _ Chinese.A. knows B. knowC. is knownD. are known 9. In the old house, Tom washed the ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for years. A. these B. those C. that D. which 10. Alice is the only one of the students in our school who _ Australia ? A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to 11. Pass me the book _ cover is red. A. which B. whose C. what D. that 12. Is this the hospital _ you visited the other day?A. whichB. whereC. in whichD. at which 13. Is this factory _ you want to visit tomorrow?A. whichB. thatC. where D. the one 14. He has lost the key to the desk _ the papers are kept. A. which B. that C. in which D. in that 15. The mice built tunnels _ they can get rice in the fields. A. which B. on which C. by which D. through which 16. Hell remember the days _ he spent with his pupils. A. / B. where C. what D. in which 17. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 东方龙学校 专业 专注 专为中小学考试 东方热线 87900039 85296739 18. Is it in this house _ he was born?A. which B. whereC. that D. in which 19. He is not _ a fool _. A. suchas he is looked B. suchas he looks C. asas he is looked D. soas he looks 20. Do you remember the village _ in 1978? A. where we went to B. where we went C. which we went D. that we went 21.Do you know the student _? A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talkC. I often talk with D. that I often talk 22. He met my mother, from _ he got the news of my marriage. A. who B. whom C. which D. her 23. The man _ has gone to Beijing. A. whom I told you B. which I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about 24. It is the third time that I _ here. A. had been B. was C. have been D. will be 25. Have you visited the bridge _ the workers have just finished building _? A. / B. whereit C. where/ D. /it 26. He lost the money _ he would pay for his education A. whom B. which C. of whom D. of which 27. Youd better let the children read such books _ will make them better and cleverer. A. which B. that C. / D. as 28. It _ Jack and Mary who _ the broken chair the other day. A. isis repairing B. wererepairedC. are repair D. was repaired 29. It was in the hall _ we have dinner _ we held a party last night. A. where that B. that where C. where which D. which where 30.The watch he _ went wrong again. A. had to be mended B. has mended C. had had mended D. had been mended 31. _ I want badly is a new sports car. A. All that B. All what C. All which D. The thing what 32. A survey was carried out on the death rate of newly born babies in that region, _ were surprising. A. the results of it B. as results C. the results of which D. which results 33. He came back late, _ which time all the guests had already left.A. after B. byC. atD. during 34. Ive never been to Beijing , but its the place _ . A. where Id like to visitB. I most want to visitC. in which Id like to visitD. that I want to visit it most 35.Charlie Chaplin, _ was born in 1889, is one of the greatest actors _ the history of the cinema. A. thatin B. whoin C. thaton D. whoon 36. He often wrote to the writers _ he thought would help him to become a writer, too. A. whom B. who C. when D. because 37. The watch _ belongs to me. A. which it is on the table B. lying on the table C. is on the tableD. lain on the table 38. This is the only work _ at the moment. A. which I can do B. that I can do it C. I can do D. what I can do 39. It was three years ago _ Mr. Smith came to Shanghai A. when B. since C. that D. until 40. _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. (1999) A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 41. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It 42. It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. what that B. that. thatC. what what D. that what 43. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.(2000) A. What why B. That what C. What because D. Why that 44. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable.(2000) A. which price B. the price of whichC. its price D. the price of whose 45. She found her calculator _ she lost it.A. where B. when C. in which D. that 46. _ the boy said turned out to be true.A. Which B. All what C. What D. Where 47. This is _ the river was polluted.A. what B. how C. that D. whether 48. These books _ he read some were written by Lu Xun. A. which B. among which C. of which D. with which 49. The chemical works they paid a visit _ south of the town. A. stands to B. stand to C. to stands D. to stand to 50. In Shanghai many tall buildings have been put up _ there used to be poor old houses. A. that B. where C. which D. when 51. Greenland, _ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers.(2000) A. it is the largestB. that is the largestC. is the largest D. the largest 52. Hes got himself into dangerous situation _he is likely to lose control over the plane.(2001) A. where B. which C. while D. why 53. It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.(2003) A. who B. that C. how D. what 54. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English word and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.(2003) A. why B. which C. as D. where 55. American women usually identify their friends as someone _they can talk frequently.(2004) A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 四、中译英 1、这个班上有 30 位学生，大多数来自城市。 2、他是当时唯一在场的人。 3、凡是你知道的关于本书作者的情况请都告诉我。 4、他已不再是 5 年前那个头脑简单的他了。 5、他们租了两条船，乘船来到了那条河的源头。 6、我从报上得知，更多的美国部队正在被派往中东。 7、众所周知，成功来自于勤奋，不努力则一事无成。 8、那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘