大学句子翻译详解.ppt

四级考试句子翻译,句子翻译题型介绍,翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长15-20个单词。句中的一部分已用英文给出，要求考生根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语。翻译部分须符合英语的语法结构和表达习惯，要求用词准确。考试时间：5分钟，所占分值：5%,87.infindingthewaytothehistorymuseum.88.Inordertoaffordmyeducation89.we(should)handintheresearchreports.90.themoreconfusedIget.91.hewasfiredbythecompany,完成Test5练习，总结考点1.havetroubleindoingsth.way2.inordertoafford3.require从句用should虚拟handin4.句型：the+比较级,the+比较级confused5.被动语态fire考点：语法、句型、词组、单词,句子翻译考点归类,一、数量的增减及表达1、前者是后者的X倍Thissubstancereacts_(那种物质反应速度的三倍)Theannualoutputofthisgroupcompany_(如今是三年前的三倍)Xtimes+as+adj/adv原形+asXtimes+what从句,threetimesasfastasthatone,isaboutthreetimeswhatwasthreeyearsago,2.后者比前者净涨X倍Thecottonoutputwas_(比1996年增长了4倍)Xtimes+adj/adv比较级+than3.（在宽度、长度、深度、大小、高度、价值方面）前者是后者的X倍Theearthis_(月球的49倍大)Xtimes+thewidth/length/depth/size/height/valueof,fourtimeslargerthanthatof1996,49timesthesizeofthemoon,4.前者比后者纯变化了X倍Thecostofmobilephones_(下降了30%)increase/speedup/goup/rise/grow/decrease/drop/fall/godownbyXpercent/times5.变化到Workersunderthecoalmine_(已经减少到300人)sincethreeyearsago.decrease/increase/rise/reducetoX,hasdroppedby30%,hasreducedto300,二、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级及特殊用法1、tootoJackwastooproudofhimself_(他不会听同事的劝告)2、be+adj+ofsbtodosth(kind,polite,brave,silly,wise,generous,friendly)be+adj.+forsbtodosth(good,nice,difficult,impossible,advisable,unusual,reasonable,strange,essential)_(我真傻，我竟然相信他的话)eventhoughIhadthoughtIwouldnot.Itisdifficult_(这么年轻的人负责这个项目),tofollowhiscolleaguesadvice,Itwasfoolishofmetobelievehiswords,forsuchayoungmantobefullyresponsibleforthisproject,3.asasonecan/asaspossible尽可能Wemust_(尽可能耐心地等他)4.so+adj/advas(not)to如此以至于Sometimeshewassobusyas_(饭都忘记吃了)5.nothingismore+adj.+than最Inthatcase_(救人性命最要紧),beaspatientaswecantowaithim,toforgethismeals,nothingwasmoreurgentthansavingoneslife,三、主要助动词和情态动词的特殊用法1、may/mightaswell+动词原形，不妨、最好You_(最好把这事放在一边)forawhile.2.mustbedoingsth一定在干什么musthavedonesth一定怎么了might/maybedoingsthmight/mayhavedonesth_(机器一定出了故障).Allthelightsareoff.,mightaswellputitaside,Somethingmusthavegonewrongwiththemachine.,3.cannothavedonesth不可能发生什么了may/mightnothavedonesth_(你不可能早就认识他).Thisishisfirsttimetocomehere.4.should/oughttohavedonesth本应该干什么_(你们该完成作文了).Youweretoldtodoittwoweeksago.5.neednthavedonesth本不必干什么_(他本不必那么辛苦地工作)hehasarichfather.,Youcannothaveseenhim,Youshouldhavefinishedyourcomposition,Heneednthaveworkedsohard,四、时态与语态TheSmith_(在这儿住了六年)bytheendofthisspring.We_(在吃午饭)whentheycametoavisit.Itisthefirst/second/time(that)sb.hasdonesth,willhavelivedhereforsixyears,werehavinglunch,五、非谓语动词1、onlytodosth表结果Wehurriedthere_(发现一个小孩在哭)2.havedifficulty/trouble/pleasureindoingsthWe_(很费了些周折才找到)thesmalltown.3.Itisfun/nogood/awasteoftimedoingsthItwasnogood_(与他争辩)inthatsituation.4.Thereisnotelling/saying/hiding/denyingthatThereisnodenying_(你在撒谎),onlytofindacryingchild,hadgreatdifficultyinfinding,arguingwithhim,thatyouarelying,5.ItisofnousedoingsthItisofnouse_(下雨天给菜浇水)6.Thereisnouse/sense/point/meaningin/ofdoingsthThereisnosense_(拐弯抹角)7.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat不言而喻,wateringvegetablesinarainyday,inbeatingthebush,六、独立主格主语+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语_(考试结束了)，webeganourholiday.Hecameoutofthelibrary,_(腋下夹着一本厚书)_(如果天气允许)，wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.Hecameintotheroom,_(耳朵冻得通红)with+主语+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语Themurderwasbroughtin,_(双手捆在背后),Thetestover,athickbookunderhisarm,Weatherpermitting,hisearsredwithcold,withhishandstiedbehindhisback,七、虚拟语气（1）itisvital/necessary/urgent/important/imperative/desirable/advisable/natural/essential+that从句（should+动词原形）Itisvitalthat_(考虑很多因素)inmakingaplan.(2)Itistime/abouttime/hightime+that从句（谓语动词为一般过去时）Itistimethat_(大家发言)（3）proposal/suggestion+that(同位语从句)（should+动词原形）Theproposalthat_(会议推迟两天)wasrefused.,manyfactorsbetakenintoconsideration,everybodyexpressedhimself,themeetingbedelayedfortwodays,(4)与以下动词相关的名词性从句用should+动词原形：advise,command,desire,insist,order,propose,recommend,requestHeinsistedthat_(立刻去请医生)八、从句（1）定语从句Thisisthemountainvillage_(我去年呆过的)Wedependontheland_(我们获得食物),adoctorbesentfor,whereIstayedlastyear,fromwhichwegetourfood,(2)名词性从句：WH-，whether/if_(这项任务如何去完成)isuptoyou.Atthecocktailpartyyoucoulddrink_(你想喝什么都可以)Ihavenoidea_(他什么时候回来)Theclosingceremonydependson_(该项目什么时候完成)Itisnotyetdecided_(谁做这项工作)Thedecisionwas_(我们期待的)_(这项计划是否可行)remainstobeproved.（3）nomatterWH-/WH-ever_(无论你是谁)，youmustobeytherules.九、倒装Onlyaftertheaccident_(他才开始重视安全),Howthetaskwillbedone,whateveryouwant,whenhewillbeback,whentheprojectiscompleted,whowilldothisjob,whatwewereexpecting,Whethertheplanisfeasible,Nomatterwhoyouare,didhebegintoattachgreatimportancetosafety,Test5-8考点汇总,词汇afford5,fire5,adapt6,survive6,quit7,contact7,convenient7/8,短语inorderto5,ataspeedof6,takesthintoconsideration7,thanksto/dueto/owingto/becauseof/asaresultof8,aseriesof8,belikelytodo8句型havetroubleindoingsth5the比较级,the比较级5whatever/nomatterwhat8语法被动语态5/8,比较级用法6/8,虚拟语气6,情态动词6,定语从句7,过去时7,条件状语从句7,名词性从句8,Test687.adaptoneselftolifeindifferentcultures88.nothingismoreattractivetomethanreading89.wouldhaveachancetosurvive90.mightfeellonelywhentheyaretraveling/farfromhome91.ataspeechof12millionperyear,Test7takepeoplessleepintoaccount/considerationtheareasinwhichwecancooperate/worktogether/collaboratedecidedtoquitthematchcontactusatthefollowingaddressifitisconvenient/atyourconvenience,Test8Thanksto/Dueto/Owingto/Becauseof/AsaresultofaseriesofnewinventionsIammorel