初二英语词汇(教学课件).ppt

英语词汇讲解,一词多译,cover,Dontcoveryoureyeswithhands.(vt.覆盖，遮住)Hemadeupastorytocoverthemistakes.(vt.掩饰)Chinacoversatotalareaof96,000,000squarekilometers.(vt.占地),Thecoverofthemagazineisgreen.(n.封面)Hisbookcoversawildfield.(vt.涉及)Theycovered100milesaday.(vt.走过)Thejournalistwassenttocoverthetrafficaccident.(vt.采访).,实战真题,Doyouhaveenoughto_allyourdailyexpenses?Ohyes,enoughandtospare.A.coverB.spendC.fillD.offer,通过定义或释义关系来推测词义,butsometimes，norainfallsforalong，longtime.thenthereisadryperiod，ordrought.drought意思为“久旱”，“旱灾”。而adryperiod和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，thatis，inotherwords，becalled或破折号等来表示。,通过句法功能来推测词义,bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconutsandsomeotherkindoffruitgrowinwarmareas.pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。,通过描述猜词,描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物做出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。Thepenguinisakindofseabirdlivinginthesouthpole.itisfatandwalksinafunnyway.althoughitcannotfly，itcanswimintheicywatertocatchthefish.,名词的分类,名词,专有名词,普通名词,可数名词,不可数名词,Africa,Europe,JohnChinaTheGreatwallTheYellowriver,专有名词,特定的某人、地方或机构的名称，即:人名，地名，国家名，单位名，组织名，等等。,直击中考,Sallylovespainting.Shewantstobeafamous_whenshegrowsup.(paint),动词与名词的转换,+ingPaint-painting+ionAppreciate-appreciationpose-position,Theweathermansaysitsgoingtobe_tomorrow.(cloud)Doyouknowthe_ofthenewbuildinginfrontofyourschool?(high)ThemusicalCatisso_thatmanypeopleliketoenjoyit.(interest),重点词形转换,ActActionActor/actressActiveActivateActing,BelieveBeliefBelievableUnbelievableBelievein,FameFamousBefamousforBefamousasInfamous,EnjoyEnjoyableEnjoyingEnjoyedEnjoymentEnjoydoing,LoveLovelyLovingLovedBeloved,BeautyBeautifulBeautyandbeast,CareCarefulCarelessTakecareofTakecare,SuggestionDecisionAttention,61.-Anaturaldisasterisveryterrible,isntit?-Yes.TheearthquakeinIndiamadethousandsofpeople_(home).,HomeHomelessAthome,64.Whenweseeourteachers,weshouldgreetthem_.(polite),PoliteImpolitePoliteness,形容词与名词间的转换,1、NounadjInterest-interestedcloud-cloudyFriend-friendly2.adj-nounHappy-happinesssad-sadnessFriendly-friendlynessable-ablity,High-heightWeigh-weightLong-lengthBroad-broadness,国家与国家的形容词转换,China-ChineseEngland-Englishman-EnglishmenBritain-BritishSpain-SpanishItaly-ItalianFrance-FrenchGermany-German,国家复数变形,Frenchman-FrenchmenGerman-GermansRussian-RussiansIndian-IndiansCanadian-CanadiansAmerican-Americans歌诀记忆：中（Chinese）日（Japanese）不变，英（Englishman）法（Frenchman）变，其余后面（如German等）加s。,Thedoctorisusedtospeakingtohispatients_.(gentle)AlbertoRamellaisafamous_footballplayer.(Italy)OurEnglishteacheraskedusto_thepoemafterclass.(memory),普通名词,baseballstartimeharmwaterapple,可数名词,anappleahousetwentyplaneshundredsofpeople,可数名词的数,真题举例,Cleanyour_everyday.Itsgoodforyourhealth.(tooth),一般在词后+sbookbook,s,以s,sh,ch,x结尾+esclassclass,es,元音字母+y结尾，直接+s辅音字母+y结尾，把y改为i,再+esboystoryfamily,stories;,boys;,families,以f,或fe结尾，把f,或fe变为v，再+eslifeleaf,lives;,leaves,以o结尾：+espotato-potatoestomato-tomatoes,名词单数变复数规则【速记口诀】,单数变复数，规则要记住，一般加s，特殊有几处：以ch，sh，s，x等结尾，es不离后，末尾字母o，大多加s，两人有两菜，es不离口，词尾f、fe，s前有v和e；没有规则词，必须单独记。,不规则名词变复数形式,foot_,feet,man_,men,tooth_,teeth,woman_,women,mouse_,mice,1)通过内部元音变化构成的复数,ox_,oxen,child_,children,2)以加词尾_en构成的复数,sheep_,sheep,deer_,deer,Chinese_,Chinese,fish_,fish,3)单数和复数为同一形式,yuan,jin,mu,jiao,fen,等,Exercises:把下面名词变为复数，citybrushleafsheepgooseGermanchildpotatotomato,cities,brushes,leaves,sheep,geese,Germans,children,potatoes,tomatoes,不可数名词,aircrashfreedomheat,abloodtwobloodsabarofchocolate,不可数名词的数量,1.Arethose_?No,theyarent.Theyre_.A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cowC.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows2.Howwonderful!The_ismadeof_.A.house;glassB.house;glassesC.houses;glassD.houses;glasses3.Physics_adifficultlesson,soImgoingtodropit.A.isB.wasC.areD.were,修饰可数名词的不定量词,manyfewsomeanyenoughalotof,Exercise,一瓶水abottleofwater一块蛋糕apieceofcake一块肥皂acakeofsoap一则消息apieceofnews,Couldyougiveme_please?A.twopieceofpaperB.twopiecesofpaperC.twopieceofpapersD.twopiecesofpapers,WhatcanIdoforyou?-Idliketwo_.A.boxofappleB.boxesofapplesC.boxofapplesD.boxesofapple,修饰不可数名词的不定量词,muchlittlesomeanyenoughalotof,1.IvenotimebecauseIve_worktodoand_bookstoread.A.muchmuchB.manymanyC.manymuchD.muchmany,触摸中考,Linda,Iveboughtmany_.Nowletsmakeabirthdaycake.(03中考)A.fresheggsB.chocolatemilkC.frozenfoodD.ricedumplingsWehaventgotmuch_forourpicnic.Willyougoandgetsome?(07中考）A.appleB.tomatoC.breadD.biscuit,真题演练,IdontthinkBillsspokenEnglishis_(bad)thanJims.,比较级与最高级,badworseworstbadlyworseworstfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestgoodbetterbestillworseworst,latelaterlatestlittlelessleastmanymoremostmuchmoremostoldolder/elderoldest/eldestwellbetterbest,综合操练,61.-Anaturaldisasterisveryterrible,isntit?-Yes.TheearthquakeinIndiamadethousandsofpeople_(home).62.Myparentsalwayssharemy_(happy)withmewhenIamsad.,63.Wearealllookingforwardto(watch)LiuQianswonderfulmagicshow.64.Whenweseeourteachers,weshouldgreetthem(polite).,如何轻松背单词,冠词,不使用冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,aan,the,零冠词,冠词的分类,不定冠词的用法a/an,awater,abook,anapple,adesk,_hour,an,_Europeancountry,a,Exerciseusinga/an,_eraser_orange_melon_owl_fox,a,an,an,an,a,有些字母发音（或第一个音素）是元音），用an。这些字母包括a,e,i,o,u,f,l,m,n,s,x,h,rThereis_“m”and_“n”intheword“moon”.A.anaB.ananC.aanThereis_“f”and_“w”intheword“flower”.A.ananB.anaC.aan,真题演练,Lindaalwaystakes_activepartinsportsafterschool.(08中考）A./B.aC.anD.theCanIhave_lookatthephotoofyourpenfriend.（09中考）A.aB.anC./D.the,词汇学习第一步,认识单词,认识词汇的瓶颈,耗时,耗力,全新思维，突破瓶颈,视听法,数量大,频率高,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，ofcourse，therefore等等)表示前因后果。youshouldnthaveblamedhimforthat，foritwasnthisfault.,通过因果关系猜词,词汇学习第二步,活用单词,融会贯通，活用词汇,深挖词汇，“五五”归真词汇：able1.单词含义：能够（adj.）2.词组：beabletodosth.3.词性转化：ability(n.)能力4.转化后词组：onesabilitytodosth.,融会贯通，活用词汇,5.句型转换(1)beabletodomanagetodo“成功做成某事”(2)beunabletodofailtodosth./failinsth.“没做成某事”,词汇学习第三步,加深理解,altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude,共同点-titude结尾不同点：首字母串不同altitude高度