培优1语法填空-定从.ppt

高考英语语法填空题RationalCloze,一命题分析,主要考查的知识点：一是语法，二是上下文的连贯性，而且语法是重点。它主要考查考生对高中英语大纲要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表达方式的掌握。,建议：不要读一句就急于填答案，首先通读文章，了解文段中谈及的要点、发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及其关系等，要特别关注整篇文章的时态变换。,二、语法填空的能力要求：1阅读/理解语篇的能力2分析句子结构的能力3熟练运用语法的能力4单词拼写能力,广东高考语法填空题,1.给词填空(3-4个）-实词,2.纯空格（6-7个）-虚词,出题形式：,命题分析,命题形式：(1)给出提示词题型：填实义词用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大类，考生需要根据语境写出正确的词形，一般有3个小题。包括动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、名词的单复数，以及词类或词义的转换等。(2)纯空格题型：填功能词空后没给词，要求考生根据文意、上下文连贯性和行文逻辑，填入一个恰当的词，包括代词、介词、限定词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词等)、连词、时间及地点副词等。这类题大约有7小题。（实词以动词、代词、形容词、副词为主，其中动词又是重中之重；虚词以介词、冠词为主。而句法方面主要考查复合句的引导词，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句。）,Inrecentyears,scientificinvestigationofcometshasincreasedbecauseofa_(grow)interestintheoriginofthesunandplanets.Scientistswanttolearn_cometsareformed.Theythinkthatsuchinformationwillhelptoexplaintheoriginofthesolarsystem.Theword“comet”comesfromGreekanditmeansa“_(hair)object”.Inhistory,cometshaveaspecialplace.People_(believe)thattheybroughtnewsofdeath,destruction,ormilitaryvictories.Thetailsofcometsprovideviewers_spectacularsightsatnight.Thereisa_(write)recordofacometasearlyas1770B.C.TheChinesekeptcarefulrecordsandso_theBabylonians(巴比伦人).Aristotle（亚里士多德）wasinterestedincomets.Hethoughtthattheybegan_burninggasesintheearthsatmosphere.ThemostfamouscometinhistoryiscalledHalleyscomet,_appearsevery75.5years.ItwasnamedforEdmondHalley,_Englishscientist.,growing,how,hairy,believed,with,did,as,which,an,written,Inmanycountries,_isnotunusualforfamiliesofdifferentbackgroundstolivetogetherinsharedspace._,intheUnitedStates,thisideamaystillbeconsideredodd稀奇的.Butthistypeofhousing,_(call)co-housing共居,isgaining_(popular)intheUnitedStates,too.Co-housingcomplexes群arepoppingupacrossthecountry.Formanypeople,thiswayoflifeisarelieftothebusymodernlifestyle.Aco-housingcommunityhas_(private)ownedhousesandsharedland.Thereisoftena“commonhouse”_akitchenanddiningroom,meetingroom,andmaybeaworkshopormusicroom.About25co-housingcommunities_(build)inrecentyears,and150moreareplanned.Aco-housingcomplexesisaplace_residentsshop,cook,andeattogether.Residentsofaco-housingcomplexlikeitssenseofsharedcommunity.Childrenhaveotherkidstoplaywith,_manyfamilieslike.Otherresidentslikethefeelingoflivingina“village”.Residentsalsocanliveinco-housingfor_moneythantheywouldpayfornearbyapartments.,it,However,called,popularity,privately,with,hasbeenbuilt,where,which,less,复合句：（引导词）定语从句；状语从句；宾语从句；主语从句；表语从句；同位语从句2.非谓语动词：现在分词，过去分词，动词不定式及变形3.动词（谓语动词）：时态，语态,单复数（主谓一致）词性/反义/级转换：动词名词-形容词-副词（词缀）-比较最高级,语法填空题常考考点/范围归纳,5.连词（转折，并列，因果，递进，罗列（顺序）however，but,while,and,or,either,therefore,even,besides,6.介词（固定搭配，依据上下文）7.代词：人称代词（主，宾格）；物主代词（形容词性物代；名词性物代）；指示代词（it,that,some，none,others，)关系代词which，that,as,who,where,）;不定代词（one,anyone，nobody,nothing）冠词：a,an,the,notuntil;so/suchthat;itisthefirsttimethatsb.havedonesth.the+比较级,the+比较级;祈使句，andsb.willdosth.强调句；倒装句；虚拟语气；10.固定搭配：providewith;leavesth.tosth.;betweenand;fromto;eitherorneithernor;notonlybut(also);notbut;howtodealwith;whattodowith;playwithsb.;inreturn;thekeytothedoor;whatif,getdone;have/getsthdone,9.固定句型：,主从复合句,定语从句（who,that,which,whose,as,prep+which/whom,where,when,why)位于名词后，或主句后，起修饰限定作用2.主语从句（what=thethingthat;that句首，wh-）宾语从句（what=thethingthatthat（两个that宾从时，第一个省略，第二个保留）；whether/if是否（介词后只用whether）同位语从句：that放在抽象名词后面，起解释说明作用表语从句：that.位于be动词和seem等系动词后。,Liusaid,“Forsomeplayers,itsjustajob.Forme,its_Ilove.”Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.3.(2012)-alltheotherstudentswondered_theboywoulddo.4.(2013)Nicksguests,_hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysaltmorecheaplyiftheycould.5._isoftenthecase,theymissedthegivenchanceonceagain.,what,that,what,who,As,6.Suchpeople_havemadegreatcontributionstotheworldshouldbegreatlyrespected.7.Hehasasamedress_Marywears.8.Thecolorlessgas_wecantliveiscalledoxygen.9.Thestudentsaredebatingabout_theyshouldsurftheInternetornot.10.Thepresidentinsistedthegovernmentconcernedmakemeasuresand_thecitizensunitetogethertofightagainstthedisease.,as,as,whether,withoutwhich,that,语篇模拟：用适当的词填入短文的空格中。ComputerprogrammerDavidJones,_earns35,000ayeardesigningnewcomputergames,yetcannotfindabank_isreadytolethimhaveacreditcard(信用卡）。Instead,hehasbeentoldtowaituntilheis18，_heisoldenoughtogettherights.The16-year-oldboyworksforasmallfirminLiverpool,_theproblemofmostyoungpeopleofhisageisfindingajob.ButDavidsbiggestheadachenowis_todowithhismoney.DavidgothisjobwiththeLivaepoolbasedcompanyfourmonthsago.,who,that,when,where,what,“Igotthejobbecausethepeople_runthefirmknewIhadwrittensomeprogramsalready,”hesaid.“Ihadbeenstudyingcomputing_wasnotpartofourstudiesatschoolinbooksandmagazinesforfouryearsinmyspareti