副词的定义与分类.ppt

副词的定义与分类,副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。时间和频度副词:now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,late,next,lastday,already,generally,frequently,seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too,immediately,finally,shortly,before,ago,sometimes,yesterday,once，twice地点副词:here,there,everywhere,anywhere,in,out,inside,outside,above,below,down,back,forward,home,upstairs,downstairs,across,along,round,around,near,off,past,up,away,on.,方式副词:carefully,properly,anxiously,suddenly,normally,fast,well,calmly,politely,proudly,softly,warmly程度副词:much,little,very,rather,so,too,still,quite,perfectly,enough,extremely,entirely,almost,slightly,hardly.疑问副词:how,when,where,why.关系副词:when,where,why.连接副词:therefore,moreover,however,otherwise,then.,副词就是修饰或限制动词或形容词作用、表程度或范围的词作状语：1程度副词：much,little,very,rather,so,too,still,quite,enough,almost,hardly.(1)程度副词一般放在被修饰的动词、形容词或副词的前面，放在tobe或第一个助动词和情态动词之后Icanhardlybelievewhathesaid.Iamveryhappytobewithyou.ThelasttimeIspoketoBob,heseemedverysad.,副词及其基本用法,(2)too(that,this,as,so,how,however)+形容词+a/an+名词Iveneverseenthatbiganapple.Thisistoodifficultaquestion.副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可：IfIhadalongenoughholidayIdvisitEurope.Thereisenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.=Thereisfoodenoughforeveryonetoeat.,2频度副词:often,sometimes,seldom,never,constantly,frequently,occasionally,usually等。通常在不需要强调时放在行为动词前，放在tobe或第一个助动词和情态动词之后。常用的这类词：Ioftensawherwalkinthepark.Heisalwaystalkingintheclass.,3方式副词carefully,properly,suddenly,normally,fast,well,politely,warmly,方式副词一般放在动词后Thegirldancedbeautifully.ShespeaksEnglishverywell.被动语态中,方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间：Therunnerwasbadlyhurt.Englishiswidelyspokenintheworldtoday.,4时间副词，finally,yet,still,now,soon,lately,shortly,then,recently,already,before,early,late,today等。时间副词,尤其是表示具体时间的副词，一般放在句首或句尾Hewillbebacktomorrow.TheyhavealreadybeentotheUKtwice.,5地点副词，away,abroad,everywhere,outside,around,here,anywhere,somewhere,near,far,up,down等。通常置于句尾，有时置于句首，一般不置于句中,常用的副词：Theboysareplayingoutside.Thereyoucanseethousandsofbikesflying.,(2)作表语：地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置：Imverysorryheisntinatthemoment.Ihavebeenawayfornearly20years.,(3)作定语：时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面：Peoplenowoftenhavetheirdinnersatrestaurants.Womentherewerelivingaterriblelifeinthe1920s.(4)作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语：Putyourdirtysocksaway,Jim!注意“动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后：Hewrotedowntheword.Hewroteitdown.,(1)close与closelyclose意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”。例如：Heissittingclosetome.Watchhimclosely.(2)late与latelylate意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”。例如：Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?,兼有两种形式的副词,(3)deep与deeplydeep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地。Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.(4)high与highlyhigh表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much：Theplanewasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.,5）wide与widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”：Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6）free与freelyfree的意思是“免费”；freely的意思是“无限制地”。Hegivesoutfreecandiesinthepark.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.,有关形容词的用法辨析,7）ago、before的用法：“时间段+later/ago”“(多久)以后/以前”,用于过去时“after/before+某个时刻”表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。Hehadanaccidentaweekago.Someyearslater,theboybecameasinger.ago与before：ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时：Haveyoubeentherebefore?ShetoldmethatshehadleftforBJ2daysago.,8）too、also、either、nor的用法：too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开；also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前,be动词之后；either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；nor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首：AreyouAmerican,too?Iamalsoastudent.HeisnothappyandIamnothappy,either.Hedidntwatchthefootballgame.NordidI.,9）sometimes、sometime、sometimes、sometime的用法：sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、sometimes(数次)表示次数、sometime(一些时间)表示一段时间Sometimestheygohikinginthemountains.Iwillmeetyourfathersometime.Iwillstayheresometime.IhavebeentoHKsometimes.,10）already、yet的用法：在完成时中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句：Haveyoudoneitalready?Ihavenothadmybreakfastyet.11）hard与hardly的用法：hard作为副词意思是：“努力地,猛烈地”,hardly是否定词,意思是：“几乎不”,一般与情态动词can/could连用：TheystudyEnglishveryhard.Youcanhardlyseeapersoninthestreet.,12）“quite/what+a+形容词+名词”的用法：quite/such/what.+a+形容词+名词;so/too/how+形容词+a+名词;Rather+a+形容词+名词=a+rather+形容词+名词IhaveneverseensuchastrangeguyItisquiteanicedayforawalk.,副词的位置Ialsowanttoplaythatgames.Igetupearlyinthemorningeveryday.Hegavemeagiftyesterday.Shedidntdrinkwaterenough.Ihaveseenthisfilmtwicewithmyfriends.Itsrathereasy,Icandoit.Youmustntalwayshelpme.Thenewstudentsdontalwaysgotodance.Cany