新视野大学英语3读写教程(第三版)u课件.ppt

Letsgo,SectionA,3,TheSurprisingpurposeoftravel,Objectives,1.Writeasmanywordsrelatedtotravelasyoucan.,VarietiesoftravelMeansoftransportationTouristattractionsEntertainmentactivitiesThingstotakeWheretostayOtherwordsabouttravel,2.Tryyourbesttolistthereasonsthatpeopletravel.,TohaveachangeToexperiencesomethingnewandunfamiliarToseetheworldandunderstanddifferentcultureTomarvelatthewonderofgreatnatureToescapefromaboringlifestyleTohaveathoroughrelaxationTobroadenoneshorizons,3.Yoursuggestionstoastudentwhowantstohaveatripbutdoesnthaveenoughmoneyforit.,PlanaheadFindusefulinformationTravelingroupGotoaless-knownplacePacknecessarythings,WhydomanypeoplechoosetovisitXian?,OneofthemostancientcitiesinChina;Itsdiverseandrichselectionoflocalfood;Easilyaccessibleandfrequentflightsandtrains;Areputationallovertheworld;IfyouhavenotbeentoXian,youhavenotbeentoChina.,2.WhichplaceareyoumostinterestedinwhenyouarevisitingXian?Explainyourreasons.,IammostinterestedinvisitingtheTerracottaArmyinXian:Anadmirablemiracleoftheworld;TheexquisitehightechnologyinQinDynasty;AsymbolofthelonghistoryandbrilliantcultureofChina.,AplanedisasterSundayhasincreasedfearsamongalreadyworriedtravelers,especiallythoseinSoutheastAsia.AirAsiaflightQZ8501_fromradarSundaywhileflyingfromSurabaya,IndonesiatoSingapore.Theplanewascarrying155passengersandseven_.AllbutsevenwereIndonesian.ThreeSouthKoreanswerealsoontheplanealong,Listentoashortpassageconcerningaircraftaccidentsandfillinthemissinginformation.,disappeared,Tobecontinued,crewmembers,withapassengereachfromBritain,France,MalaysiaandSingapore.AirAsiaisa_airlinewithlinkstoAirAsiaMalaysia.Malaysian_hashadadifficult2014.InMarch,thenational_,MalaysiaAirlines,hadaplanedisappearovertheIndianOcean.Thatplanewascarrying239passengersandcrewfromKualaLumpurtoBeijing,China._havefoundnosignoftheplaneorthepeopleitcarried.Theplanesdisappearance_theworld.,Listentoashortpassageconcerningaircraftaccidentsandfillinthemissinginformation.,budget,Tobecontinued,airtransportation,carrier,Investigators,shocked,Severalmonthslater,MalaysiaAirlines_anotherdisaster.Flight17wentdowninUkraineonJuly17afteranapparent_strike.ItwastravelingfromAmsterdam,HollandtoKualaLumpur,Malaysiaatthetime.All298peopleontheplanewerekilledinthe_.ManytravelersfearedflyingMalaysianairlinesafterflights370and17.Now,manytravelersareconcernedaboutAirAsia.,Listentoashortpassageconcerningaircraftaccidentsandfillinthemissinginformation.,suffered,crash,missile,WhereisLeftBankcaf?Whatfeaturesdoesithave?,TheLeftBankcafislocatedinthevillageofSaranacLakeontheLeftBankoftheRiverSeineinParis.Itisafavoritemeetingplaceofgreatartists,writers,andfamousintellectualssincetheearly20thcentury.LBCservesauthenticFrenchcaf-stylefood,includingcrpesandtartines,aswellascoffee,tea,winesandbeers.,2.WhatisLetsGo?Givemoreinformationaboutit.,Aworld-renownedtravelguideseries,researched,written,edited,andrunentirelybystudentsatHarvardUniversity.Itisclaimedtobe“thestudenttravelguide”aimedatreaders“bothyoungandyoungatheart”.LetsGowasfoundedin1960andisheadquarteredinCambridge,Massachusetts,theUS.office.,3.WhatdoyouknowaboutMachuPicchu?,AnancientruinedSouthAmericancityhighupintheAndesmountainsinPeru.ItwasbuiltbytheIncas,aNativeAmericanpeopleofSouthAmerica,inabout1500AD,Ithasatempleofthesunandmanyotherbuildings.Itisapopularplacefortouriststovisit.,Thetextis_thattriestoillustrate_whywetravelbecauseweneed_forcreativity.,anexposition,thereasons,mentalrefreshment,Theauthordescribesthe_ofatypical_trip.(Para.1),imaginaryscene,burdensome,Whydoestheauthorchoosetheword“burdensome”todescribehisimaginarytravel?(Para.1),Accordingtotheauthor,whatdoestravelingmean?(Para.1),Whatdoestheauthormeanby“therestofthejourneycanfeellikeatediouslessonintheillsofmodernity.Itsucks.”?(Para.2),Supposetravelistroublesomeandsometimesevenunpleasant,whydowetravelaccordingtotheauthor?(Para.2-4),Whatkindoftravelistrulycompulsory?(Para.4),Theauthorgivesusavividdescriptionoftheimaginarytravelexperience,includinghowhestrugglestogetupintheearlymorning,howhegetstotheflightgate_andhowhefinally_intheairport.,PartI(Paras.1-_),4,afteralltrouble,getsstuck,Tobecontinued,Whatarethebenefitsofmodernaviation?(Para.5),WhatistheironywhenpeopletraveltoParistryingtoleaveallthosetroublesbehind?(Para.5),HowdoesabitofdistancehelpenhancecreativityaccordingtoParagraph6?(Para.6),Whatisthefindingoftheresearch?Whatdoestheauthorwantstoprovebyreferringtotheexample?(Para.6),Possibleeffects?,Means?,opentoambiguityinterprettheworldindifferentways,toexpandthecircumferenceoftheir“cognitiveinputs”,Seasonedtravelers,Whatdoweneedtodototriggerourcreativity?(Para.8),Para.8,Instead,thisrenaissanceofcreativityappearstobea_:Weneedtochangecultures,toexperiencethedisorientingdiversityofhumantraditions.Thesamefacetsofforeigntravelthataresoconfusingturnoutto_,makingusmorecreativebecausewerelessinsular.,pleasant,sideeffectofdifference,havealastingimpact,Tobecontinued,Para.8,Wereremindedofallthatwedontknow,whichisnearlyeverything;weresurprisedbythe_.Eveninthisglobalizedage,wecanstillbeamazedat_thatwerentincludedintheLetsGoguidebookandthatcertainlydontexistbackhome.,pleasant,constantstreamofsurprises,alltheearthlythings,Whatarethedrawbacksoftravel?(Para.9),Whatarethesecretcornerstonesofcreativityoftravel?(Para.9),Whatwillhappentousaftertravel?(Para.9),Distanceanddifferences.,PartIII(Para.9),Theauthorwarnsusagainstpretendingtravelhasno_andthatwetakegreatdelightintheunpleasantness.Thelastsentenceechoestheviewthatdistanceanddifferencearethe_ofcreativity.,drawbacks,secretcornerstones,Itgivesusavividdescriptionoftheauthorsimaginarytravelexperience,includinghowhestrugglestogetupintheearlymorning,howhegetstotheflightgateintheairport.(Para.1),Theauthorputsforwardaquestionandgivestwotraditionalanswerstoit.Wetravelbecauseweneedto.Wetravelbecausewewantto.(Para.2-4),Theintroduction,Theauthortakesustorethinkthequestion:Whatistherealpurposeoftravel?(Para.5),Theauthorsownunderstandingoftherealpurposeoftravel.Explanationfromtheperspectiveofscience(Para.6)Takeexperiencedtravelersasanexample(Para.7)Wherethismentalflexibilitycomesfrom(Para.8),Wetravelbecauseweneedto,becausedistanceanddifferencearethesecretcornerstonesofcreativity.(Para.9),Theconclusion,TheSurprisingPurposeofTravelTravelis_andsometimesevenunpleasant;thenwhatisthedrivingforcebehindourtravel?Wetravelbecauseweneedto.Sometimesourtravelisa_becauseweshouldattendthebusinessluncheon,becauseweshouldcelebrateThanksgivingwithourmom.Wetravelbecausewewantto.,burdensome,Tobecontinued,must,Owingtothefactthatmosttravelis_,wejusttravelfollowingourheart.Mostpeopletravelforthesakeof_,buttheirmindtendstosolvethestubborn_issueswhileonvacation.Whatistherealpurposeoftravel?Travellingtoanewplacecanmakeuslesscontrolledbyfamiliarcognitive_thatimprisonus.Asaresult,wecanbettercombinethenewwiththeold,themundaneis_fromaslightlymoreabstractperspective.,optional,Tobecontinued,relaxation,domestic,patterns,grasped,To_travelers,multiculturalcontrastmeansthattheyareopentoambiguityandwillingtoseetheworldindifferentways,thustoexpandthe_oftheir“cognitiveinputs”astheyrefuseto_theirfirstanswersandinitialguesses.Ofcourse,thatmentalflexibilityisasideeffectofdifferenceandweknowwhatwedidnotknowinthepast,bywhichwebecomemoreopen-mindedandless_.,seasoned,Tobecontinued,circumferences,settlefor,insular,Apartfromitsadvantages,travelalsohasit_,whichmakeusnottakegreatpleasantness.Moreoftenthannot,weneeda_afterourvacation.Wetravelbecauseweneedto,becausedistanceanddifferencearethe_ofcreativity.Travelwillchangeourmindtosomeextent,whichinturncanhave_oneverythinginourlife.,drawbacks,vacation,cornerstones,effects,由抵消,(salaryincrease/risingprices),Theirsalaryincreasewillbeoffsetbyrisingprices.,beoffsetbysth.,短语逆译,短语应用,他们增加的工资会被上涨的物价所抵消。,意群提示,廉价出售,(advertisement/onsale),Byreadingtheadvertisement,youmayfindsomethingyouwantonsale.,onsale,短语逆译,短语应用,通过阅读这份广告，你也许会发现想要的某件商品正在减价。,意群提示,与混在一起,(todeliveraspeech/praise/blame),Thepresidentdeliveredaspeechthatcontainedpraisemingledwithblame.,tominglewith,短语逆译,短语应用,校长发表了一个褒贬兼蓄的演讲。,意群提示,赋予(天资),(devotedsupporter/godlikestatus),Thegeneralsdevotedsupportersendowhimwithanalmostgodlikestatus.,toendowwith,短语逆译,短语应用,将军忠实的拥护者们几乎把他当神一样看待。,意群提示,愿意考虑,(besure/anycommentsandsuggestionsfrom),Imsuretheywillbeopentoanycommentsandsuggestionsfromeveryone.,beopentosth.,短语逆译,短语应用,我肯定他们会愿意倾听大家任何意见和建议。,意群提示,往往，多半,(beeasilyaffected/theoutsideworld),Moreoftenthannot,peoplearenothappybecausetheyaretooeasilyaffectedbytheoutsideworld.,moreoftenthannot,短语逆译,短语应用,人们觉得不幸福多半是因为他们太容易受到外界的影响了。,意群提示,充满；使饱享,(powerfulandseductivemessages/themedia),Theyvebecomethoroughlysaturatedwithpowerfulandseductivemessagesfromthemedia.,短语逆译,短语应用,他们从媒体得到了大量煽情诱人的消息。,意群提示,besaturatedwith,要不是突然看见早已收拾好的行李箱，我几乎又要睡着。想起来还要去机场，我叹了口气。,原句译文,逆译练习,IalmostreturnbacktosleepbeforemyeyecatchesmypackedsuitcaseandIgroan,rememberingthatImgoingtotheairport.(Para.1),句型提炼,Sb.dosth.beforeandsb.dosth,rememberingthat.,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“某人受到暗示或提示后采取的行动”。,句型应用,(expectinglooks/competein),典型例句,要不是我突然瞥见妈妈期待的神情，我几乎都要放弃该场比赛了。想起来还有几个比赛，我又一次站了起来。,意群提示,IalmostgaveupthegamebeforemyeyescaughtmymomsexpectinglookssheworeonthefaceandIstoodupagain,rememberingthatIstillhadmoregamestocompetein.,我们旅行是因为我们想要去旅行，因为到一个新地方的兴奋和激动可以抵消在机场的各种烦心事。,原句译文,逆译练习,Wetravelbecausewewantto,becausetheannoyancesoftheairportareoffsetbythethrillofbeingsomeplacenew.(Para.4),句型提炼,Sb.dosth.becausesb.like/disliketo,because.,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“某人喜欢/不喜欢做某事的种种原因或理由”。,句型应用,典型例句,我网购是因为我喜欢网购，因为网购可以免去我的腿脚之苦从而节省精力。,(onlineshopping/savefeet),IshoponlinebecauseIliketo,becauseonlineshoppingcansavemyfeetandenergy.,有研究指出，体验异国文化可以赋予我们宝贵的开放性思维，使我们更容易明白即使是微不足道的事物也可以有多种意义。,原句译文,逆译练习,Accordingtoresearch,theexperienceofanexoticcultureendowsuswithavaluableopen-mindedness,makingiteasiertorealizethatevenatrivialthingcanhavemultiplemeanings.(Para.6),句型提炼,Accordingtoresearch,sth./sb.do,makingiteasiertodo,句型提炼,应用提示,用于引证，表达“研究发现/结果表明”。,句型应用,(recentsurvey/doubled/climbing),典型例句,根据最近的调查，汽车拥有量已经在过去的五年时间里翻了一倍，致使交通事故不断攀升。,意群提示,Accordingtoarecentsurvey,thenumberofcardoubledoverthepastfiveyears,leadingtotheclimbingtrafficaccidents.,Toseenewplacesandmeetnewfriends.Tohaveabreakfromtheroutinelife.Forbusiness.Tovisitfriendsandrelatives.,Whatisthemostusefulpurposeoftravelinyouropinion?,2.Doyouagreethatculturaldifferenceisthebiggestbarrierintravel?,Yes,Iagree.Culturaldifferenceposesahugeproblemtotravel.Ifwedontknowthelanguage,thecustoms,andhistoryoftheplacewearevisiting,wewillfacemanyembarrassingproblemsincommunicatingwiththelocalpeopleandmayevenviolatethetaboosinanotherculturewithoutbeingawareofit.Imafraidnot.Culturaldifferenceisnotaproblematall.Onthecontrary,itcanserveasastimulustoenableustobemorecuriousaboutthisworldandgainadeeperunderstandingofotherculturesaswellasourownculture.,Ithinktravelcanaffectourpersonalities.Inmostsituations,peoplespersonalitieswillbemoreorlesschangedwhentravelcomestoanend,justasthegreenandluxuriantplantsafterarain.Wecanseesuchdifferencesfrompeopleslivelyappearance,relaxedspiritualstate,cheerfulwaysoftalking,walking,andevensmiling.,3.Cantravelaffectourpersonalities?Ifso,how?,Tobecontinued,No,Idontthinktravelcanhaveaneffectonourpersonality.Personalityisourwholecharacterandnatureandisgreatlyaffectedbytheenvironmentinwhichwelive.Personalityisrelativelystable.Maybeduringatravel,ourpersonalitymaychangealittlesinceweareinadifferentenvironment,butthischangeistemporaryandshouldntlastlong.Whenwecomeback,wearestillintheoldenvironment.Obviously,ourpersonalitywillregainitsoldtraitsjustinacoupleofdaysorweeks.,3.Cantravelaffectourpersonalities?Ifso,how?,Howdoyouunderstandthefollowingquotes“读万卷书不如行万里路。”and“Travelisfataltoprejudice.andnarrow-mindedness”?,ThisoldChinesesayingtellsusthattravellingisagoodwaytoexperiencelife.Gettingaheadinyourcareerisnotjustaboutgettinggoodgradesortestscoresinschool.Itisalsoabouthavingrealexperiencewiththeworldbeyondyourbordersexperiencewithlanguages,culturesandsocietiesverydifferentfromyourown.,Tobecontinued,Howdoyouunderstandthefollowingquotes“读万卷书不如行万里路。”and“Travelisfataltoprejudiceandnarrow-mindedness”?,ButMarkTwain,thefamousAmericanwriter,believesthattraveltoforeignplaces,experiencingnewfoods,unusualsights,strangesoundsandunfamiliarbehaviors,notonlyprovidesgreatmemoriesbutamazingly,causeschangesinourbrainsandourperceptions.,Tips,VideoWatching,Howisthemaninthesongdifferentfromthatinthepastafterhetookatraveltotheriverside?,InthepastHewasdoublingovertheloadonhisshoulders;Hewascrossingmilesoffrustrationsandrivers;Hewaspickingupstoneshefoundalongtheway;Hestaggeredandstumbleddownpathwaysandwitheachsteptakenhisbackwasbreaking.,tobecontinued,AfterthetripHelaidhisburdensdown.Hisspiritliftedhigh,hefoundhisfreedomnow.,Howisthemaninthesongdifferentfromthatinthepastafterhetookatraveltotheriverside?,Developacause-and-effectessayThepurposeofcause-and-effectessaysistoexplaintothereader:thecausesofaneventorsituation;(2)theeffectsofaneventorsituation;or(3)boththecausesandeffects.Inthisunit,wewillfocusonthecausesofaneventorsituation.Theusuallogicalpatternwefollowwhenwritingsuchakindofessayislikethis:,tobecontinued,tobecontinued,Cause1,Cause2,Cause3,Effect,Developacause-and-effectessayAnessayofcausesbeginswithanintroductionwhichbrieflydescribestheeffect,andthentheentirebodyoftheessayanalyzesthecauses.Whenwritingtheessay,trytorememberthefollowinglogicalrequirements:,tobecontinued,Developacause-and-effectessay1.Donotoversimplifycauses.2.Bewareespeciallyofmakingamistakeinlogicknownasthefallacyofposthoc,ergopropterhocLatinwordsmeaning“afterthis,thereforebecauseofthis”.Forinstance,ifadiseasebrokeoutsoonafterXbecameMinisterofPublicHealth,wewouldprobablymakeamistakeinlogicinsayingthattheepidemicbrokeoutbecauseXwasmademinister.Remembersequencedoesnotalwaysindicatecausation.,tobecontinued,Developacause-and-effectessay3.Distinguishbetweendirectandindirectcausesandbetweenmajorandminorcauses.4.Donotomitlinksinachainofcauses.5.Beobjectiveandsupporttheanalysiswithsolid,factualevidence.,tobecontinued,LanguagetipsTrytoavoidusingbecauseandasaresultrepeatedlyinacause-and-effectessay.Herearesomeothertransitionalwordsandphrases:since,consequently,therefore,accordingly,becauseof,forthatreason,thus,then,hence,dueto,sothat,suchthat,themore.themore,resultfrom,leadto,contributeto,cause,resultin,bethereasonfor,betheconsequenceof.,tobecontinued,LetslookatTextAwhichisatypicalessayofcause.,Readthesampleessayandseehowthecausesaredeveloped.,Topic:WhylearntheChineselanguage?Introduction:Thesisstatement:InrecentyearsmoreandmoreforeignersarebeginningtotakeaninterestintheChineselanguage.,tobecontinued,Body:Cause1:Chinasancientculturehasattractedmanypeopleintheworld.Cause2:Chinaisenjoyingrapideconomicgrowth,anditseconomicandculturalexchangewithothercountrieshasincreasedcontinuously.Cause3:TheChineselanguageitselfhascharminitscharactersandpronunciation.,tobecontinued,Conclusion:TheChineselanguageissuretospreadmorewidelyintheworld.,tobecontinued,Sample:InrecentyearsmoreandmoreforeignersarebeginningtotakeaninterestintheChineselanguage.Accordingtoasurvey,Chineselanguagecoursesaregiveninmorethan3,000schoolsinover109foreigncountries.,tobecontinued,Sample:TherearevariousfactorsforthewidespreadinterestinChinese.OneofthemostcommoncausesisthatChinasancientculturehasattractedmanypeopleintheworld.Moreandmoreforeignersarebecominginterestedinthisorientalcountryandenjoyingitssplendidculture.Tounderstandandstudythisculture,onemustlearntheChineselanguage.AnothercontributingcauseisthatChinaisenjoyingrapideconomicgrowth,anditseconomicandculturalexchangewithothercountrieshasincreasedcontinuously.,tobecontinued,Sample:Consequently,peoplewhocanspeakChinesewillbepopularinjobmarket.PerhapstheprimaryfactoristhattheChineselanguageitselfhascharminitscharactersandpronunciation:ThepicturesqueChinesecharactersarouseinsomeforeignersasenseofbeautyandareconsideredattractive.ThepronunciationofMandarinChinese(Putonghua)issobeautifulandmusicalthatithasattractedmanyforeignerstolearn.,tobecontinued,Sample:ManypeoplebelievethattheChineselanguagewillbecomeamoreimportantlanguageintheworldindecadestocome.AsChinawillopenfurthertotheoutsideworld,itslanguageissuretospreadmorewidelyintheworld.,Writingpractice,Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsononeofthefollowingtopics.Onetopichasanoutlineyoucanfollow.,Topic:StressfullifeforkidsIntroduction:Thesisstatement:Someparentstendtoexpecttoomuchfromtheirchildren.Body:Cause1:TheharshrealityCause2:ThepeerpressureCause3:ParentslovefortheirkidsConclusion:Tosetreasonableexpectationsforthekidsisnoeasy,butisworthtrying.,Moretopics:ThegraincrisisWhydelaymarriage?,Supposeyouaredebatingwithyourclassmates.Youwanttoshowthemwhyyouchoosetoshoponline.,Explainyourchoiceonthefollowingtopic.,Youcanfollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.,PartI.Introduction1.Currentsituationaboutonlineshopping;2.Thesisstatement:Yourfeelingsandimpressionsabouttheonlineshopping.,Tobecontinued,Youcanfollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.,PartII.Body(variousreasonsprovided)Cause1.Convenienceofonlineshopping.Cause2.Goodsonlinecheaperthaninstores.Cause3.Accesstoawiderrangeofoptions.Cause4.Privacyprotection.PartIII.ConclusionThefutureofonlineshopping.(suretospreadmorewidelyintheworld.),Youmayadoptthefollowingexpressions.,onsalemoreoftenthannotbeo