中考英语甘肃省复习课件：第38讲完形填空(一).ppt

甘肃省,英语,第38讲完形填空(一),完形填空。(2014，兰州)“Thegrasslooksgreenerontheothersideofthefence.”Thatsanold_1_inEnglish.Itmeansotherplacesoftenlookbetter，moreinterestingthantheplace_2_youlive.Somepeopleworry_3_youngChinesearebeginningtofeelthatway.TheyseeyoungChineseignoringChinesecultureand，instead，_4_Japanesecartoonbooks，watchingKoreansoapoperasandevencelebratingwesternholidays.,Foreignbooksandsoapoperasaregood，_5_Chinesewritersandactorsarejustasgood.Asforholidays，Christmasisnice，butitcan_6_havethemeaningforChinesethatSpringFestivalhas，andtheWesthasnothingtocomparewithMidautumnFestival.AndletsnotforgetthepartofChinesecultureIlikebest：_7_friendliness.Notallcountriesareas_8_asChina.Itsgoodtoenjoyotherculturesandtolearn_9_them，buttheycannotreplaceyourownculture.Itsgoodtolookontheothersideofthefence，but_10_youtakeagoodlonglook.Youwillfindthatthegrassisntalwaysgreenerontheothersideofthefence.,()1.A.sayingBwordsCvoiceDtalk()2.A.whyBwhenCwhereDhow()3.A.ifBthatCwhatDwhether()4.A.buyBrefusingCrefusedDbuying()5.A.butBsoCorDbecause()6.A.alwaysBeverCstillDnever()7.A.itBtheyCitsDtheir()8.A.warmerBwarmCcoldDcolder()9.A.fromBwithCtoDover()10.A.makeupBmakesureCmakeupofDbesureto,A,C,B,D,A,D,C,B,A,B,“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用语等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较强的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能较好地完成这一题型。,(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词：1语法结构所要求的功能词。如连接词(连接代词，连接副词)、关系词(关系代词，关系副词)等。2具有语法变化的普通词。如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的等级等。3固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。如副词、数词、介词等。4同义词、近义词等易混淆词。5根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。,(二)“完形填空”题解题策略：1解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，通读全文，把握文章整体大意尤为重要。很多同学为了省时间，只看选项，不看文章，不寻找文章中句子与句子之间的关系，结果做出来的答案往往是错误的。2解题时要全面考虑，确定选项。完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：,重视首句寻求信息完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。,【例1】Mystutter(口吃)hadalwaysbeenmuchofaproblem.Idhadsomanyspecialistsformy_overtheyears.(2013，北京，35)AspeechBstudyCdreamDfear解析：由首句“我的口吃已经成为一个大问题”可知，作者在说话方式上很“独特”。speech指“说话方式”。答案：_,A,Mymotheronlyhadoneeye.Andbecauseofthis，Ineverwishedhertoshowupinmyschool，beingafraidthatmyclassmateswould_1_Ihadanuglymother.(2014，十堰，41)()1.A.runoutBputoutCcomeoutDfindout,D,明辨褒贬语境，判断是非几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。【例2】Hewillneverhavehopes，dreamsorsomething_.(2013，兰州，49)AbadBworeCgoodDbetter解析：由上下文可知hopes，dreams都是好的东西，故排除A、B，又由句意可知用比较级“更好的东西”。答案：_,D,Iwantedtogetarideinsomebodyelsescar，butitwasdarkandtherewasnocar.Itwasalso_2_totakeataxi.()2.A.easyBdifficultCearlyDlate,B,巧用平行结构，判断逻辑平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。【例3】JimSmithwasapoorboy.Onedayhewasverycoldand_.Hecametoahouseandaskedayoungwomanonlyforaglassofwater.(2013，云南，41)AhotBhungryCcoolDstrong解析：由上文“hewasverycold”可知，与cold相对的是“饿”。答案：_,B,Theyfoundthatthekidswhowatchedviolentcartoonsfoughtwithothersand_3_classrulesmoreoften.(2014，宜宾，47)()3.A.brokeBfollowedCobeyedDmade,A,结合常识，明辨真伪【例4】Wecantforcelifetofollowourwishes.Theearthwont_turningwhetherweacceptitornot.(2013，山西，36)AstopBkeepCstart解析：无论我们是否接受，地球都不会停止转动。答案：_,A,Whenyoudosomethingniceforsomeone，youshouldntexpecttogetanything.Butwhenyoudogetsomething，youshouldbevery_4_(2014，鄂州，45)()4.A.hopefulBwonderfulCthankfulDhelpful,C,课文反馈(一)(2015，兰州)Oncetherelivedanunhappykingwhosleptbadlyanddidntfeellikeeatinganything.Thismade_1_queenandhispeopleworried.Adoctorwascalledinto_2_him.Thedoctorsaiditsallinhismindinsteadofhisbody.So_3_medicinenorrestcouldhelphimbutashirtofahappyperson.Theprimeministerwascalledtothepalace.Whenhearingthekingssituation,hesaid,“AlthoughIhavemuchpower,itdoesntmakeme_4_.Imalwaysworriedaboutlosingit.”Then,thekingsbankercameandsaidhehadlotsofwealth,buthealsoworriedaboutlosingit.Hewasneverhappy,either.Next,thepalacesingercameandhiswordswerealmostthesame.,Finally,thetopgeneralwastoldtofindahappymanin_5_time.Luckily,hefoundapoormanwithoutpower,moneyorfamesinginghappilyonastreet.Thegeneralaskedhim_6_madehimsohappy.Thepoormanansweredthathehadeverythinghewantedandhedidntwantthosehecouldnthave.Hissongscamefromthehappinessinhisheart.Whenthegeneralaskedforthemansshirt，_7_，themansaid,“Whatshirt?Idontownanyshirts！”,()1.A.aBanCtheD./()2.A.examineBnoticeClookDwatch()3.A.noneBneitherCbothDall()4.A.happilyBunhappilyCunhappyDhappy()5.A.threedayBthreedaysCthreedaysDthreedays()6.A.thatBwhichCwhatDwhere()7.A.tohissurpriseBafterallCasusualDintotal,C,A,B,D,B,C,A,(二)(2015，兰州一诊卷)Somepeopleliketoeatsharkfinsoup，especiallyinSouthernChina.But_8_thesharksfinsisverycruel.Whenpeoplecatchsharks，they_9_theirfinsandthrowthesharksbackintotheocean.Thesharks_10_diebecausetheycantswimwithoutfins.Anditis_11_harmfultotheenvironment.Sharksareatthe_12_ofthefoodchain.Ifthenumberofsharks_13_toolow，itwillbreakthebalanceofthenature.Pleasesayno_14_eatingsharkfinsoup，andtakeactiontosavethesharks!,()8.A.getBgotCgettingDgets()9.A.cutintoBcutoffCtakeoffDlookinto()10.A.wiselyBslowCslowlyDdaily()11.A.tooBeitherCneitherDalso()12.A.topBmiddleCbottomDend()13.A.risesBareCdropsDdrop()14.A.inBwithCaboveDto,C,B,C,D,A,C,D,(三)(2015，兰州模拟卷一)ForthismonthsYoungWorldmagazine，I_15_19yearoldAsianpopstarCandyWang.IaskedCandy_16_herlifewasdifferentaftershebecamefamous.Sheexplainedthatthereweremanygoodthings，like_17_abletotravelandmeetnewpeopleallthetime.“I_18_tobepopularinschool，butnowIgettonsofattentioneverywhereIgo.”However，toomuchattentioncanalsobeabadthing.“IalwayshavetoworryabouthowIappeartoothers，andIhavetobeverycarefulaboutwhatIsayordo.AndIdonthavemuchprivatetimeanymore.Hangingoutwithfriendsisalmost_19_formenowbecausetherearealwaysguardsaroundme.”Candysaidtoallthoseyoungpeoplewhowanttobecomefamous.“Youhavetobepreparedto_20_yournormallife.Youcan_21_imaginehowdifficulttheroadtosuccessis.Youreallyrequirealotoftalentandhardworktosucceed.”,()15.A.invitedBintroducedCinterviewedDinvented()16.A.howBwhatCwhenDwhy()17.A.beBisCtobeDbeing()18.A.dontuseBwasntusedCdidntuseDwasused()19.A.unimportantBimpossibleCimpoliteDinexpensive()20.A.giveoutBgiveawayCgivebackDgiveup()21.A.everBalwaysCneverDstill,C,A,A,C,B,D,C,(一)ThePhoneCall(2015，北京)Itwasgettingdark.Paullookedoutofthewindowandsighed(叹气)Dadsaidhewouldcomehomeby5：30，butitwasalmost7：00.EvenifDadcameback，itwouldntbemuchfunpalying_1_inthedark.Paulwalkedintohisroomandthrewhisbeseballintothecorner.Hetriedtodosomehomework，butcouldnt.Thephonerangatabout8：00.ItwasDad：“Paul，Im_2_，butIcouldntplaybaseballwithyoutonight.Ihavetofinishmyworkattheoffice.Maybewecanplaythisweekend.Ohno.Howaboutnextweekend？”PaulcouldntunderstandwhyDadwasso_3_Hethrewhimselfintothesofaandsoonfellasleep.Hisbookwasstillopenedtothefirstpage.,Thenextdayatschool，Pauldidnthandinhishomeworkand_4_atest.MrsGreen，histeacher，askedhimtostayafterschool.“Paul，youdidntdoyourhomework.YoudidntpassthetestandonlygotaDThisisntlikeyou.Whatswrong？”Pauljustsatthere_5_“Paul，ifyoudontwanttotalk，Iwill.Iknowthatsomethingsworryingyou，butyouhavetogetitout.Youneedtotellsomeone.”AsPaulwalkedhome，hethoughtofwhatMrsGreensaid.Maybehedidntdohishomeworkbecausehewantedtogethisdads_6_HeknewMrsGreenwasright.Hedecidedtotakeheradvice.,WhenPaulgothome，he_7_hisdad.Buttherewasnoanswer.Thenitwenttovoicemail(语音信箱)Paulbegantalking，“Dad，Icantplaywithyounextweekend.Ivegotlotsofproblemswithmyhomework.Also，Ireallydontwanttospendanotherdaylookingoutofthewindowandwaiting.Wheneveryou_8_ourplans，Dad，ithurtsme.Itsnottoolatetorebuildourrelationship，butwehavetostartsmall.Maybeyoucanhelpmewithmy_9_sometime.Dad，Iloveyou.”AsPaulendedthecall，hefeltmuchrelaxed.Hedidntknowwhetherhisdadwouldbedifferent，butitdidntmatter.Hehimself_10_Heexpressedhisfeelingstotherightperson.Hehadaclearheadashewasdoinghishomeworkthatevening.,()1.A.beseballBcardsCchessDtoys()2.A.luckyBsorryCsurprisedDpleased()3.A.famousBhelpfulClazyDbusy()4.A.madeBmissedCfailedDchose()5.A.cheerfullyBcomfortablyChopefullyDquietly()6.A.attentionBmessageCpraiseDtrust()7.A.sawBthankedCcalledDgreeted()8.A.prepareBbreakCfollowDquestion()9.A.choiceBhomeworkCspeechDdecision()10.A.regrettedBcomplainedCinsistedDchanged,A,B,D,C,D,A,C,B,B,D,(二)(2015，陕西)Iwasonceafatgirl.Iweighed336poundsandlookedasbigasmyfridge.Iwasnever_11_it.ButonedayIhadamedicalexamination(体检)The_12_toldmethatIwashavinghearttrouble.It_13_meup.Ibegantofeelnervous.ThenIdecidedtodosomething!Inayearandfivemonths.I_14_104pounds.WhatagreatthingIdid！Ididnthaveanyexpensivefood，medicaltreatment(治序)orcampstyle(训练营式)exercise.Whatwasthesecrettomy_15_？,FirstIlookedthroughtheInternetfordoityourself_16_thatpeoplecouldfollowonlosingweight.OfcourseIsawcountlessadswhichtrytogetmetobuytheirproducts.ButIboughtnothing.TheonlythingIdidwastochangemybad_17_ThefollowingarewhatIhavedone.Youcantrythese.Stopdrinkingsomethingwithtoomuchsugarinit._18_sweetcakes.Eatgreenvegetables.Useonlyvegetableoil.Nevereatafter6：30pm.Also，dolightexercisefor15to20minutesfivedaysaweek.ThenIkeptdoingwhatIshoulddo.Peoplesometimessay，“Youdontneedtotellme_19_todo.Iknowitalready！”Butthefactisthatknowingwhattodoanddoingwhatyouknowaretotally_20_Theimportantthingistoknowwhattodoandthenjustkeepdoingit.,()11.A.excitedaboutBworriedaboutCproudofDhappywith()12.A.doctorBfriendCmotherDteacher()13.A.gaveBcheeredCdressedDwoke()14.A.borrowedBlentClostDgot()15.A.happinessBsuccessCkindnessDrichness()16.A.adviceBnewsCfoodDmedicine()17.A.gradesBlookCwishDhabits()18.A.AcceptBBringCRefuseDMake()19.A.howBwhatCwhyDwhether()20.A.easyBdifficultCsimilarDdifferent,B,A,D,C,B,A,D,C,B,D,(三)Mymotherslovinghands(2015，福州)Nightafternight，shecametohelpmesleep，evenlongaftermychildhoodyears.Idontremember_21_itfirststartedmakingmealittleangrymymomshandspushingmyhairthatway.Butitreallymademeuncomfortable，forthey_22_rough(粗糙的)againstmyyoungskin.Finally，onenight，I_23_her，“Dontdothatanymore.Yourhandsaretoorough！”Shedidntsayanything，_24_sheneverdiditagain.Yearslater，Imissedmymothers_25_andhergoodnightkissonmyface.Imnotalittlegirlanymore.Mymomis_26_hermidseventies，andherroughhandsarestilldoingthingsformyfamilyandme.,Nowmyownchildrenhave_27_ItwaslateonThanksgivingEve.AsIsleptinmybedroom，afamiliarhandranacrossmy_28_topushthehairfrommyhead.Thenakiss，eversosoftly，touchedmybrow(额头)Takingmymomshand，Itoldherhow_29_IwasforthatnightIshoutedather.ButmymomdidntknowwhatIwastalkingabout.Shehadforgottenitlongago.Thatnight，I_30_withanewappreciation(感激)formymotherscaringhands.Andtheguilt(内疚)thatIhadcarriedaroundforsolongwasnowheretobefound.,()21.A.whenBwhereCwhy()22.A.lookedBfeltCseemed()23.A.noddedatBshoutedatClaughedat()24.A.soBorCbut()25.A.handsBwordsCsmiles()26.A.onBinCat()27.A.stayedupBwokenupCgrownup()28.A.noseBfaceCmou