中考英语复习第一部分教材知识梳理八下Unit3-4课件人教新目标版.ppt

八年级(下)Unit3-4,重点单词,1.foldv.折叠;对折unfold(反义词)v.展开2.sweepv.打扫,扫swept(过去式/过去分词)3.throwv.扔,掷threw(过去式)thrown(过去分词)4.neitheradv.也不adj.两者都不的pron.两者都不conj.也不,既不5.passv.给,递;走过;通过6.borrowv.借,借入lend(反义词)v.借出7.hatev.讨厌,厌恶8.stressn.精神压力;心理负担v.强调9.wasten.浪费;垃圾v.浪费;滥用,10.providev.提供,供给11.dependv.依靠,依赖12.developv.发展;壮大developmentn.发展13.neighbo(u)rn.邻居neighbo(u)rhoodn.地区;附近14.dropv.落下;掉下15.fairadj.合理的,公平的unfair(反义词)adj.不公平的16.allowv.允许,准许allowancen.默许;补贴17.guessv.猜测;估计18.dealn.协议;交易v.处理;交易,19.relationn.关系;联系;交往relatev.有联系relationshipn.人际关系municationn.交流,沟通communicatev.沟通;传达;通讯21.arguev.争吵;争论argumentn.辩论;争论22.insteadadv.代替;反而;却23.nervousadj.紧张的24.offerv.主动提出;自愿给予25.properadj.正确的;恰当的properlyadv.适当地;正确地26.secondlyadv.第二,其次secondnum.第二n.秒,27.explainv.解释,说明explanationn.解释,说明28.clearadj.清楚的;晴朗的clearlyadv.明确地;清楚地29.copyv.抄袭;模仿;复制30.returnv.归还;回来,返回31.membern.成员;分子32.pressuren.压力pressv.压,按petev.竞争;对抗competitorn.竞争者competitiveadj.竞争的competitionn.竞争34.opinionn.意见;想法;看法,35.skilln.技艺;技巧skil(l)fuladj.灵巧的;熟练的36.continuev.持续;继续存在parev.比较,对比38.crazyadj.不理智的,疯狂的39.pushv.鞭策;推动;督促40.causev.造成;引起41.usualadj.通常的;寻常的unusual(反义词)adj.不寻常的42.perhapsadv.可能,大概,也许43.illadj.生病的;不舒服的illnessn.疾病44.wrongadj.有毛病的;错误的,重点短语,1.takeouttherubbish倒垃圾2.allthetime反复;频繁3.assoonas一就4.inorderto目的是,为了5.providesb.withsth.给某人提供某物6.dependon依靠,依赖7.takecareof照顾,照料8.lookthrough浏览,快速查看9.bigdeal重要的事10.workout解决;算出,11.geton(well)with和睦相处12.arguewith与争吵municatewith与交流14.inonesopinion在某人看来15.cutout删除;除去pare.with比较,对比,单元高频词汇训练,.根据首字母及汉语提示填空1.Withthehelpofourneighbo(u)rs(邻居),wefoundourpetdogfinally.2.Everystudentshouldhaveagoodcommunication(沟通)withhisorherparents.3.Weareheretoprovide(提供)aserviceforthepublic.4.Theoldladydepends(依靠)onherdaughterinherlaterlife.5.Thevillagehasdeveloped(发展)fromasmallvillageintoabigcityinthepastthirtyyears.6.Marywantedtoexplain(解释)thatproblemtoPeter,butherefused.7.Moststoreswillallow(允许)thebuyertoexchangegoods.8.Itseemssounfair(不公平的)thatthisshouldhappentome.9.Soontheybecameveryskil(l)ful(熟练的)inansweringsuchquestions.10.Beforetheexam,heoftenfeelsverynervous(紧张的).,.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1.Hehasfinishedsweeping(sweep)thebedroomalready.2.Heisaseriousmanandalwaysdoingthingsproperly(proper).3.Hetookpartinseveralcompetitions(compete)andwonalotofprizes.4.Hepickedupastonefromthesandandthrew(throw)itintotheriver.,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,考点1neither的用法,Neitherofusdidanyhouseworkforaweek.在一周内我们两人谁都没做家务。(P19)1.neither作代词时,常用“neitherof+名词/代词宾格”,作主语时谓语动词一般用单数形式,名词之前必须有限定词,如my,the,any,these等。例如:Neitherofmyparentsenjoysmusic.我的父母都不喜欢音乐。2.neither作形容词时,置于单数名词之前,“neither+单数名词”表示“两者都不”。例如:Neitherchairiscomfortable.两把椅子坐起来都不舒服。3.neither作副词时,置于句首,句子用倒装语序,neither也可用nor替换,即“neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”,表示前面所表述的否定情况也适用于后者。例如:Youdontknowhisaddress.Neither/NordoI.你不知道他的地址,我也不知道。,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,4.neither作连词时,可构成neither.nor.,表示“既不也不”,与both.and.意思相反。当neither.nor.连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。例如:NeitherhenorIamabletounderstandthemeaningofthewords.我和他都无法明白那些话的意思。活学活用(2017山东临沂)Doyouplantowatchatalentshoworasportsshowtonight?.Icantstandthem.Iplantowatchasitcom.A.NeitherB.BothC.NoneD.Either【解析】考查不定代词。根据答语中的“Iplantowatchasitcom.”可知,说话人既不喜欢选秀节目,也不喜欢体育节目。neither表示“两者都不”,none指“(三者或三者以上)没有一个”。【答案】A,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,考点2辨析borrow,lend和keep,CouldIborrowthatbook?我可以借那本书吗?(P20),1.borrow表示“借入”之意,不能和一段时间连用。常用结构:borrowsth.fromsb.“向某人借某物”。例如:Youcanborrowthiskindofbookfromtheschoollibrary.你可以从学校图书馆借这类书。2.lend表示“借出”之意,意思和borrow相对,也不可以和一段时间连用。常用结构:lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.“把某物借给某人”。例如:Canyoulendmeyourcarthisevening?今晚你能把车借我用一用吗?3.keep“保留,存放”,表示借一段时间,常和一段时间连用。例如:CanIkeepthisbookforamonth?这本书我可以借一个月吗?,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,活学活用(2017甘肃天水)HowlongmayIthesebooks?Foraweek.A.borrowB.toborrowC.keepD.lend【解析】考查动词。句意:这些书我可以借多久?一周。borrow是非延续性动词;keep意为“保持,保留”是延续性动词。答语“Foraweek.”属于时间段,故用延续性动词keep。【答案】C,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,考点3provide的用法,Itistheparentsjobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家里为自己的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长的职责。(P22)provide意为“提供,供应,给予”。常见搭配:providesb.withsth.和providesth.forsb.都表示“给予某人某物”。例如:Weareheretoprovideagoodmealfortheworkers.我们来这里是为了给工人们提供一顿丰盛的饭菜。,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,活学活用(2017江苏连云港)Thenewly-openedcompanythelocalpeoplewithmorechancestowork.A.givesB.providesC.offersD.shows【解析】考查动词。providesb.withsth.意为“给某人提供某物”,为固定搭配,符合语境。【答案】B,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,考点4allow的用法,Myparentsdontallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.我的父母不允许我和朋友在外闲逛。(P25)allow为动词,意为“允许,让”,后面可直接接名词或代词作宾语。常用结构:allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”;allowdoingsth.“允许做某事”;beallowedtodosth.“被允许做某事”。例如:1.Ifyouallowme,Iwillsendyouback.如果你同意,我就送你回家。2.Hisparentsallowedhimtostayoutlate.他的父母允许他在外面待到很晚。3.Smokingisnotallowedinthehall.大厅里禁止抽烟。,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,活学活用(2017山东东营)InSwitzerland,keepingonlyonegoldfishisnt,becausethegovernmentbelievesitisverybadtomakesuchsocialanimalslivealone.A.stoppedB.doubtedC.refusedD.allowed【解析】考查动词。句意:在瑞士,饲养一只金鱼是不允许的,因为政府认为这种群居动物独自生活是很糟糕的。stop“停止”;doubt“怀疑”;refuse“拒绝”;allow“允许”。【答案】D,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,考点5compare的用法,Andtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherchildren.并且她们总是把自己的孩子和别的孩子作比较。(P30)compare作动词,意为“比较,对照”,常和with及to连用。compare.with.意为“把和相比”;compare.to.意为“把比作”。例如:1.Mymotheralwayscomparesmewithotherkids.我妈妈总是把我和别的孩子相比。2.Peopleliketocompareteacherstocandles.人们喜欢把老师比作蜡烛。,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,活学活用1.Compared(compare)withsomeunhappypeople,thosewhoarealwayspleasedandrelaxedarelesslikelytosufferfromcolds.【解析】考查固定搭配。固定搭配comparedwith意为“与相比”,一般放在句首作状语。2.Ifyoualwaysyourselfwithothers,youmayhavetonsofpressure.Iagree.Weshouldbelieveinourselves.A.compareB.communicateC.createD.consider【解析】考查动词。句意:如果你总是将自己和其他人比较,你会有很大的压力。我同意。我们应当相信自己。A项意为“比较,对照”;B项意为“交流”;C项意为“创造”;D项意为“考虑”。【答案】A,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,考点6inorderto的用法,Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.他们应该把时间花在学业上,以便能取得好成绩并进入一所好大学。(P22)inorderto意为“为了”,后跟动词原形,表示目的,同义短语为soasto。inorder后还可接that引导的目的状语从句,意为“为了”,有时可以与sothat互换。另外,动词不定式也可以作目的状语。例如:Igotupearlyinordertocatchtheearlybus.=Igotupearlysoastocatchtheearlybus.=IgotupearlyinorderthatIcouldcatchtheearlybus.=IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchtheearlybus.=Igotupearlytocatchtheearlybus.我早起是为了赶上早班车。,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,活学活用Shedressedupeveryonemightnoticeher.A.inordertoB.inorderthatC.althoughD.thanksto【解析】考查固定短语。inorderthat后接目的状语从句;inorderto“为了”,后接短语;although“尽管”;thanksto“多亏,由于”。句意:她盛装打扮以便每个人都注意到她。【答案】B,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,考点7Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?彼得,你可以把垃圾扔出去吗?(P17)1.could引起的疑问句表示有礼貌地提出请求。“Couldyoupleasedosth.?”意为“请你做某事好吗?”句中could是can的过去式,但这里不表示时态,只表示委婉语气。常见答语:Sure./Certainly./Ofcourse./Sorry,Icant.例如:Couldyoupleaseanswerthetelephone?请你接一下电话好吗?Sure./Sorry,Icant.Imtoobusynow.当然可以。/对不起,我不能。我现在太忙了。2.否定结构为“Couldyoupleasenotdosth.?”常见答语:Sorry,Iwontdothat(anymore/again).例如:Couldyoupleasenotsmokehere?请你不要在这里抽烟好吗?Sorry,Iwontdothatagain.对不起,我再也不会了。,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,重点短语,重点单词,重点句型,活学活用(2017重庆B)Robert,couldyouwashthecarforme?Yes,I.Imcoming,Dad.A.couldB.couldntC.canD.cant【解析】考查情态动词。根据答语中的“Imcoming”可知,此处应作肯定回答。对一般疑问句“Couldyou.?”的肯定回答应用“Yes,Ican.”。【答案】C,1.(2016安徽第33题)Helenhasgottwobrothers.ofthemlikeschocolate,butshelovesit.(A)A.NeitherB.NoneC.EachD.Any2.(2014安徽第34题)RickhaslearnedalotaboutChineseculturehecametoChina.(D)A.beforeB.whenC.untilD.since3.(2014安徽第45题)Youcantakeofthetwotoycarsandleavetheotherforyourbrother.(C)A.bothB.noneC.eitherD.neither4.(2013安徽第43题)Itishelpfultoagoodhabitofreadinginlanguagelearning.(C)A.takeB.showC.developD.match,1.Thespeechisreallyboring!Iagreewithyou.Itisaoftimetolistentoit.(B)A.resultB.wasteC.stressD.flow2.Thelittleboywasalwaysdoinghishomeworkonhis.(A)A.ownB.purposeC.mindD.time3.Thegirlisshy.Shealwaysfeelswhenspeakinginfrontofherclassmates.(B)A.excitedB.nervousC.interestedD.surprised,4.IhaveseenabigdifferenceinthisschoolIcameherethreeyearsago.(C)A.afterB.whenC.sinceD.before5.Yousee,SandySimonisgoodatart.Well,thenIhavetoasksomeoneelseforadvice.(D)A.both;andB.either;orC.notonly;butD.neither;nor6.Willyougotothebeachtomorrow?Ittheweather.Ifitsfine,Illgothere.(D)A.goesonB.keepsonC.putsonD.dependson7.Youwontpasstheexamyoudontworkhard.OK,Illdomybest.(C)A.andB.butC.ifD.so,8.Inhiseyes,thebestwayofshowinglovetohiswifewasbyherwithallhiswealthandcomfortsoflife.(D)A.collectingB.feedingC.offeringD.providing9.CanIuseyourbikethisafternoon?.(D)A.ImOKB.DontmentionitC.HaveagoodtimeD.Yes,goahead10.Janeisverybusythesedays,forshehasalotofproblemsto.(A)A.dealwithB.keepupwithC.comparewithD.getonwith,语言与文化语言是文化的载体,因此学习英语的同时,我们应该了解英语国家文化。只有了解当地文化、风俗习惯等,我们才能更加灵活地掌握一门语言的运用。文化是渗透于语言之中的,而对文化的学习与领悟不是一朝一夕可以完成的,因此,在平时的学习中考生要多注意了解并积累有关英语国家文化和风俗习惯的知识。【词汇积累】language语言western西方的culture文化tradition传统developagoodeatinghabit养成好的饮食习惯getupearlyandgotobedearly早睡早起rememberalotofwordsandexpressions记住大量的词汇和短语understandhowtousegrammarrules理解如何运用语法规则behavepolitelyandproperly举止礼貌得体,【句式训练】仿写句子1.例句:WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.仿写:2.例句:Practicespeakingasmuchaspossible.仿写:3.例句:Whenyouhavemealsattable,followothers.仿写:4.例句:Whenyoutravelaroundtheworld