大连海产-翻译-26无主句.ppt

1,TranslationofSubjectlessChineseSentences,无主句的翻译,2,汉语无主句特点,只有谓语部分而没有主语部分能表达完整明确的意思很难确定主语隐含主语,房子前面有一棵树树下拴着一头老牛刮风了，要下雨了,3,翻译思路,构建整体框架确定主语确定各个成分,4,翻译方法,汉语祈使句译成英语祈使句采用英语的被动结构译出采用倒装语序译出采用“Therebe”结构译出用“it”充当主语添加适当的代词或名词充当主语,5,1.汉语祈使句译成英语祈使句,请讲慢一点。Pleasespeakalittleslower.看菜吃饭，量体裁衣。Fittheappetitetothedishesandthedress/clothestothefigure.不要去等待“合适的时间”，现在就行动！Dontwaitforthe“righttime”.Movenow!,6,别费心机去洞察女孩的心思，因为她们总在变。Dontbothertopenetrategirlsmindsastheyarealwayschanging.小心轻放！Handlewithcare!不自由，毋宁死。Givemelibertyorgivemedeath.,7,想吃什么，只管告诉我。Whateveryouliketoeat,justtellme.一有问题就去解决，不要等问题成堆了才去作一次总解决。Wheneveraproblemcropsup,tackleitrightaway;dontletproblemspileupandthentrytosettlethemallatonego.,8,宁为鸡首，不为牛后。Betterbeabirdsbeakthanacowsrump.Betterbeadogsheadthanalionstail.Betterbetheheadofanassthanthetailofahorse.Betterreigninhellthanserveinheaven.,9,2.采用英语的被动结构译出,墙上挂了一些画。Somepictureswerehungonthewall.为什么总把这些麻烦事推给我呢？Whyshouldalltheunpleasantjobsbepushedontome?给了他两天时间来作必要的准备。Hewasallowedtwodaystomakethenecessarypreparations.,10,找不到任何迹象表明这两者之间存在着关系。Noindicationsarefoundoftheexistenceofrelationshipsbetweenthetwo(things).认识落后，才能去改变落后；学习先进，才有可能赶超先进。Backwardnessmustbeperceivedbeforeitcanbeconquered.地下埋藏着大量的金、银、铜、铅和锌。Hiddenundergroundisawealthofgold,silver,copper,leadandzinc.,11,没有安定的政治环境，干什么都不成。Nothingcanbeaccomplished/achievedwithoutastablepoliticalenvironment.对这一问题实际上还没有进行过科学实验。Practicallynoscientificexperimentshaveyetbeendoneonthis(matter).希望今后上海能与更多外国城市结为友好城市。ItishopedthatShanghaiwillestablishfriendlyrelationshipswithmoreforeigncitiesinfuture.,12,3.采用倒装语序译出,随着一声吼叫，呼地从树林里窜出一只老虎来。Followingtheroar,outrushedatigerfromamongthebushes.山里住着个老和尚。Inthemountainlivedanoldmonk.,13,4.采用“Therebe”结构译出,没有顺利，无所谓困难；没有困难，也无所谓顺利。Withoutfacility,therewouldbenodifficulty;withoutdifficulty,therewouldbenofacilityeither.Withoutfacility,therewouldbenodifficulty,andviceversa.,14,无水则无Withoutwatertherewouldbenofish.好多年以前，这个村子里住着六个盲人。Along,longtimeago,therelivedsixblindmeninthisvillage.萝卜青菜，各有所爱。Thereisnoaccountfortaste.,15,楼上有人想和你说话。Thereisamanupstairswhowantstospeaktoyou.要发展就要变，不变就不会发展。Developmentmeanschange;withoutchange,therecanbenodevelopment.,16,5.用“it”充当主语,要解决问题，必须做系统、周密的调查和研究工作。Inordertosolvetheproblemitisnecessarytomakeasystematicandthoroughinvestigationandstudy.能不能提前完成计划呢？Isitpossibletocarryouttheplanaheadoftime?青天白日点灯笼白费蜡。Itisnotnecessarytolightacandletothesun.,17,活到老，学到老。Itisnevertoolatetolearn.不是因为不存在问题，而是因为看不见问题。Itisnotthattheproblemisnottherebutthatitisnotvisible.要成功，就要付出劳动。Itwilltake/costone/youalotofefforttosucceedinanything.丢了钱总比掉脑袋强。Itsbettertogiveawaymoneythanlife.,18,6.添加适当的代词或名词充当主语,不入虎穴，焉得虎子。Ifonedoesnotenteratigersden,howcanonegetatigerscub?Nothingventured,nothinggained.不能不佩服他多年来埋头苦干的精神。Onecannotbutadmirehisperseveranceinkeepinghisnosetothegrindstoneforalltheseyears.,19,世上无难事，只怕有心人。Nothingisdifficultintheworldifoneputshishearttoit.Nothingintheworldisdifficultfortheonewhosetshisheartonit.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.,20,忍一时风平浪静，退一步海阔天空。Ifyouaretolerantduringonemomentofanger,youwillescapeahundreddaysofsorrow.吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。Ifyouwishtobethebest,youmustsufferthebitterest.Thosethatsowintearsshallreapinjoy.Nocross,nocrown.,21,不以物喜，不以己悲。Weshouldnotgetaffectedbythingsaroundus,howeverstirringtheymaybe;neithershouldwefeelsadaboutourmisfortune,howevertorturingitmaybe.不识庐山真面目，只缘身在此山中。Wecantgetagoodviewofthemountaininwhichwerestanding.,22,必须尊重劳动，尊重知识，尊重人才，尊重创造。Wemustrespectwork,knowledge,competentpeopleandcreation.认识落后，才能去改变落后；学习先进，才有可能赶超先进。Wemustlearnfromtheadvancedbeforewecancatchupandsurpassthem.,23,热得我满头大汗。Imallinasweat.没你的份。Youvegotnoshare.只有走着瞧了。Onlytimecantell.弄不好，就会前功尽弃。Ourworkwillbeinvainunlessitishandledproperly.,24,只准州官放火，不准百姓点灯。Themagistratesarefreetoburndownhouses,whilethecommonpeopleareforbiddeneventolightlamps.在那桃花盛开的地方，有我可爱的故乡。Mylovelyhometownlies(intheplace)wherepeachflowersareinblossom.,25,承蒙社会各界的友好合作和信赖，在此谨代表集团同仁表示真诚的谢意。Onbehalfofallthestaffofthecorporation,Idliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetopeoplefromallcirclesoflifefortheirfriendlyco-operationandtrust.,26,这几天心里颇不宁静，今晚在院子里坐着乘凉，忽然想起日日走过的荷塘Ihavefeltquiteupsetrecently.Tonight,whenIwassittingintheyardenjoyingtheeveningcool,suddenlyoccurredtometheLotusPondaroundwhichIlingeredeveryday白天里一定要做的事，一定要说的话，现在都可不理。Allthatoneisobligedtodo,orsay,inthedaytime,canverywellbecastasidenow.,27,Practice,解放思想实事求是开拓创新继往开来与时俱进Emancipatethemind;seektruthfromfacts;comeupwithnewideas;carryforwardourcauseintothefuture;keeppacewiththetimes.,28,自1983年以来，已经建立了一百多个这样的组织。Morethanonehundredorganizationsofsuchkindhavebeenestablishedsince1983.要教育孩子说实话。Childrenshouldbetaughttospeakthetruth.去年发现了一种稀有元素。Arareelementwasfoundlastyear.必须认真作好建厂前的准备工作。Beforethefactoryissetup,carefulandthoroughpreparationsmustbemade.,29,必须保证8小时的睡眠。Eighthourssleepmustbeguaranteed.发现了错误，一定要改正。Wrongsmustberightedwhentheyarediscovered.在游廊的最左端坐着一位将近30岁的男子。Closetotheextremeleftoftheverandasatamanofaboutthirty.他的书桌上放着带有细菌的小碟子。Onhisdeskweresmallplatescontainingthebacteria.,30,总之，是两点而不是一点。Inshort,therearetwoaspects,notjustone.很容易看得出来那作家是一位生手，刚从事写作的。Itisveryeasytotellthatthewriterisanoviceathistask.要赢得同行的好评是相当困难的。Itisratherdifficulttowinapplausefromthepeer.获得知识不容易，传授知识也不容易。Itsnoeasierforustoimpartknowledgethantoacquire.不过，能过自己想过的生活，不也是一种幸福吗？However,isntitakindofhappinessifyoucanliveasyouwantto?,31,只要工作干得好，理直气壮把报酬要。Hewhoserveswellneednothesitatetoaskforwages.爱一个人就要爱他的一切，包括优点和缺点。Ifyoulovesomeone,youmustloveallabouthimincludingmeritsanddemerits.不怕一万，就怕万一。Youcanneverbetoocareful.要适可而止，否则就要完蛋。Onestepfurtherandyouwillbelost.,32,明德尚行，学贯中西。Weshouldstriveformoralintegrity,exemplarybehavior,andconversancewithbotheasternandwesternlearning.在这个充满竞争的社会里，该如何使自己脱颖而出呢？Inthissocietythatisfullofcompetition,howshouldwemakeourtalentshowing/standout?,33,头发剪短了，使她看起来更年轻。Shelookedmuchyoungerbycuttingherhair.说了半天也不知道他说什么。Idontunderstandawordeventhoughhehastalkedforalongtime.在乎太多人的感受只会令你犹豫不决。Toomuchconcernaboutothersfeelingwillgetyouintwominds.还看不出来他能挑得起这副担子。Nothingsuggeststhathewillbecompetentinsuchatask.,34,由于生活的忙碌，读书的时间越来越少，以至于有几年没有真正认真地读过书了。Timespentonreadingisbecominglessandlessbecauseofbusylife,soIhaventreadbooksearnestlyforseveralyears.Ispentlessandlesstimeonreadingduetoabusylife,anditsbeenyearssinceIreadabookearnestly.,35,改革开发胆子要大一些，要敢于试验。冒一定的风险是必要的。不冒点风险，办什么事情都有百分之百的把握，万无一失，谁敢说这样的话？一开始就自以为是，认为百分之百正确，没那回事。我就从来没那么认为。每年领导层总结经验，对的就坚持，不对的就丢掉或赶快改。新问题出来抓紧解决。无论是打仗还是搞改革，都经不起慢腾腾的决策。在很多情况下，都需要冒险试一试，然后一边改正自己的错误。恐怕在有三十年的时间，我们才会在各方面形成一套更加成熟，更加定型的制度。在这个制度下的方针、政策，也许更加定向化。,36,Wemustbecourageousenoughtoventureonexperiments/riskexperimentationwithregardtoreformsandopen-up.Acertainamountofrisk-takingisnecessary.Whodarestoclaimrightfromthebeginningthatheis100percentsureofsuccesswithouttakinganyrisk?Thereisnosuchthingascertainty.IhaveneverhadsuchnotionsasthinkingImabsolutelycorrect.Everyyear,leadersshouldreviewwhattheyhavedonesoastoholdontowhatworksanddiscardwhatdoesnot,ortakeimmediateandcorrectiveactions.Weshouldlosenotimeintacklingthemwhenevernewproblemsarise.,37,Wecannotaffordtheluxuryofslowdecision-making,whetheritinvolvesfightingabattleorlaunchingareform.Inmanycases,wehavetotakechances,andcorrectourmistakesaswegoalong.Itmaytakeanother30yearstoestablishamorematureandmoreconsistentsysteminallfieldsofendeavor,underwhichallpolicieswillbemorespecificallyoriented,too.,38,尺素寸心接读朋友的来信，尤其是远自海外犹带着异国风云的航空信，确是人生一大快事，如果无须回信的话。回信，是读信之乐的一大代价。久不回信，屡不回信，接信之乐必然就相对减少，以致于无，这时，友情便暂告中断了，直到有一天在赎罪的心情下，你毅然回起信来。磋砣了这么久，接信之乐早变成欠信之苦，我便是这么一位累犯的罪人，交游千百，几乎每一位朋友都数得出我的前科来的。英国诗人奥登曾说，他常常搁下重要的信件不回，躲在家里看他的侦探小说。王尔德有一次对韩黎说：“我认得不少人，满怀光明的远景来到伦敦，但是几个月后就整个崩溃了，因为他们有回信的习惯。”显然王尔德认为，要过好日子，就得戒除回信的恶习。可见怕回信的人，原不止我一个。,39,ThusfriendsabsentspeakTogetlettersfromfriends,especiallyairmaillettersfromoverseaswithstampsofexoticclimes,isunquestionablyoneoflifesgreatestpleasures,providedthattheydonotcallforareply.Answeringlettersisadearpricetopayfortheenjoymentofreadingletters.T