定语从句考点归纳.ppt

定语从句考点归纳,复习检测（1）,1.ThelettleIreceivedwasfrommyfather.A：whichB：thatC：whatD：when2.-Tom，wheredoyouwork？-Iworkforacompanysellscars.A:whichB:whereC:whatD:who,我们都知道，在定语从句中，一般情况下，that和which都可以互换，但是在有些句子中却不行,考点一引导词which和that使用,1.只能用which的情况,Ilikethatshegaveme.Ihavelostthepen，Ilikeverymuch.Thisisthehotelinyouwillstay1.当先行词本身为that时2.在非限制性定从中，不能用that3.关系词前有介词,2.只能用that的情况,Allwehavetodoistopracticeeveryday.ThefirstlessonIlearnedneverbeforgotten.1.当先行词是不定代词all，something，anything，fewlittle，much等时，只能用that。2.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高及所修饰时，只能用that,2.只能用that的情况,Ihavereadallthebooksyougaveme.heistheonlypersonIwanttotalkto.3.先行词被all，few，every，any，little，theonly，thesame，thevery等修饰时,2.只能用that的情况,theytalkedthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool4.先行词既有人又有物时,考点二关系代词who，whom，whose的选用,1.who和whom的区别Wheresthegirlwhosellsthetickets?卖票的女孩在哪里？Theauthorwhomyoucriticizedinyourviewhaswrittenaletterinreply.你在评论中批评的那个作者已写了一封回信。who为主格，whom为宾格,考点二关系代词who，whom，whose的选用,1.who和whom的区别Theman(that,who,whom)youmetjustnowiscalledJim.whom作宾格时，可以用that和who来代替，也可以省略,考点二关系代词who，whom，whose的选用,1.who和whom的区别但有以下情况值得注意1.直接跟在介词后面作宾语时，只能用whom，而且不能省略：Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofwhomIhadevermetbefore.2.引导非限制性定语从句且作宾语时，who和whom均可用但以用whom为佳，此时也不能省略：ThisisJack,whowhomyouhaventmetbefore.,考点二关系代词who，whom，whose的选用,2.whose的使用whose表示所属关系，翻译为“谁的”，可以指人，也可指物ItwasanislandwhosenameIhaveforgotten.Youaretheonlyonewhoseadvicehemightlistento.,考点二关系代词who，whom，whose的选用,2.whose的使用引导定语从句的“whose+名词”，有时可换成其他结构，注意词序的变化。比较：破了窗户的那座房子是空的。Thehousewhosewindowsarebrokenisempty.Thehousethewindowsofwhicharebrokenisempty.Thehouseofwhichthewindowsarebrokenisempty.Thehousewithbrokenwindowsisempty.,考点三非限制性定语从句的注意点,1.引导限制性定语从句时，关系代词which可以与that互换；但引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。2.先行词为reason时，限制性定语可以用why或forwhich来引导；非限制性定语从句则只能用forwhich来引导导3.引导限制性定语从句的关系代词在从句中担任宾语时可以被省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词即使作宾语也不能省略。,考点三非限制性定语从句的注意点,4引导限制性定语从句时并作从句宾语的关系代词whom可以用who来代替；但在非限制性定语从句中，whom就不能用who替换。5当非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时，其关系代词只能用as，不能用which。此时非限制性定语从句可置于主句之前、之后或之中。6.由“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个主句时，不能用as，只能用which。,复习检测（2）,1.chinahasmanyrivers，theChangjiangriveristhelongest.A:whichB:inwhichC:amongwhichD:oneofwhich,考点四介词-which的使用,如果先行词充当一些不及物动词的宾语，用此结构eg：Wateristhenaturalmediuminwhichfishlive.水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。还可以这样说：Wateristhenaturalmediumwhichfishlivein.注意不及物动词的介词搭配,考点四介词-which的使用,注意：短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的短语动词有listento，lookat，dependon，payattentionto，takecareof，lookinto，breakinto，getridof，takepartin，makeuseof，takeholdof，catchholdof，catchupwith，getalongwith，lookforwardto等。此时可用which，who，whom或that，也可将他们省略。,考点五关系副词与介词-which之间的相互转化,wheninwhichwhyforwhichwhereatinonwhich,考点六“theway”作先行词,若先行词为theway，则引导词可以为that，inwhich和不填eg1Ilikethewayhetalks2Ilikethewaythathetalks3Ilikethewayinwhichhetalks,考点七：抽象地点名词的判断,例：Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycansccthemselvesdifferently.A：thatB：whichC：whenD：where常见的抽象的点名词有：casepointdegreenewssituationactivityfactreception,Exercise：1.Nearlyallthestreetsareinstraightlines,runningfromeasttowest.Those_runfromnorthtosoutharecalledavenues.A.thatB.whoC.whoD.that2.Thisisthecase_heshadallhismoneystolen.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich3.Mr.SmithwillpayavisittoBeijingthisautumn,_wewillenjoytheOlympicGamesin2008.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.how,4.Theartistwillnotpaintpeopleoranimalsbuthewillpaintanything_.A.thatthelittlegirlaskshimB.thelittlegirlaskshimtoC.forthelittlegirltoaskhimD.whatthelittlegirlaskshim5.October15thismybirthday,_Iwillneverforget.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.which,6.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint_hecanwalksafely.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whose7.Thereareseveralre