keshang高中定语从句课件一.ppt

TheAttributiveClause,(定语从句),1.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。,acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor,2.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。,.DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?,TheboywhoisreadingisTom.,先行词,关系代词,Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.,先行词,关系副词,5.限定性定语从句：对先行词起到修饰限制的作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。这类从句不能省掉，否则句子的意义就不完整。,6.非限定性定语从句：同主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明，不起限制的作用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这类定语从句在书写时大多用逗号与主句分开。,LastweekImetJohn,whoseemedtobeveryexcited.,Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.,二.关系词的分类,关系代词,2.关系副词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why,二.关系词的分类,三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点,1.关系代词的基本用法,三.1.关系代词的基本用法,who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。,Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.,who,whom,which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.,which,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,that,whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。,Weliveinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.,Thisisthelittlegirlwhoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.,whose,难用的whose,Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.,Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.,Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.,whose=thehouseswindow,Thehouseismine.,thewindowofwhichisbroken,ofwhichthewindowisbroken,2.关系代词的用法注意点,(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that不能用which。,当先行词中有人又有物时。如：,Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?,当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。如：ThisisallthatIwantfromtheschool.,当先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.,当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.,当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.,(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。,(2)用who不用that的情况,先行词为all,anyone,one,ones等时。如：Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.,先行词为those,he和people时。如：Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.,(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点,whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：Thebossinwhosedepartmentheworkedhadheardthenews.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。,(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点,whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：Thenovelwhosetitle(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.,whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。,(4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.,(4)从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致,Thescientistwhowemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhomintheworld.that,(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.,Thedresswhichsheiswearingisnew.that,(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.,巩固练习：1.用定语从句合并句子,巩固练习1：用定语从句合并句子,(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.,(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.,HeisthekindpersonwhoIhaveeverworkedwith.whomthat,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.,1.Thegirl_isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger.3.Thegirl_motherisateachercanspeakEnglishverywell.4.Icantfindthebook_isborrowedfromthelibrary.5.Icantfindthebook_youlenttome.,who/that,(who/whom/that),whose,which/that,(that/which),巩固练习：2.用适当的关系词填空,巩固练习2：用适当的关系词填空,四.介词+which/whom引导的定语从句,1.介词的选用原则：,根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8dollars.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8dollars.,四.“介词+which/whom”引导的从句，1.介词选用原则,(2)根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。,IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty.IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere.,2.当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省略。,Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbor.IcantfindthepenwithwhichIwaswriting.,2.介词位于关系代词前，关系代词的使用,3.当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用which/that(指物),who/whom/that(指人)作从句中介词的宾语.而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。,(whom/who/that),(which/that),Dadisaperson_Icaneasilytalkto.,Isthistheplay_youweretalkingaboutjustnow?,3.介词位于句末，关系代词的使用,4.在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：,Thisisthewatch(that/which)Iamlookingfor.Thebabies(who/whom/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.,4.含介词的固定搭配动词短语的使用,5.先行词是theway，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/inwhich或省略。,Ididntliketheway_shetalkedtome.Theway_heteachesEnglishisinteresting.,（that/inwhich）,（that/inwhich）,5.先行词为theway，关系词的使用,Eg:1.Heissuchaman_nevertellsalie.2.Heisthemodelworker_weshouldlearnfrom.3.Adictionaryisabook_oftenhelpsustoknowthemeaningsofthewords.4.Thisisthefilm_Ilikebest.5.Theboy_fatherisaprofessorisoneofmybestfriends.6.Thehouse_roofwasblownawaybythestormwillberebuiltsoon.,who,(whom/who),which/that,(that/which),whose,whose