GMAT逻辑推理备考基础训练材料.doc

GMAT逻辑推理备考基础训练材料 Nosmokewithoutfire.以下是小编为大家搜索整理的GMAT逻辑推理备考基础训练材料希望能给大家带来帮助更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网 25Minutes16Questions 1.Cabletelevisionspokesperson:Subscriptionstocabletelevisionareabargaininparisonto“free”television.Rememberthat“free”televisionisnotreallyfree.Itisconsumers,intheend,whopayforthecostlyadvertisingthatsupports“free”television. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,ismostdamagingtothepositionofthecabletelevisionspokesperson? (A)Consumerswhodonotowntelevisionsetsarelesslikelytobeinfluencedintheirpurchasingdecisionsbytelevisionadvertisingthanareconsumerswhoowntelevisionsets. (B)Subscriptionstocabletelevisionincludeaccesstosomepublictelevisionchannels,whichdonotacceptadvertising. (C)Forlocationswithpoortelevisionreception,cabletelevisionprovidespicturequalitysuperiortothatprovidedbyfreetelevision. (D)Thereisasmuchadvertisingonmanycabletelevisionchannelsasthereison“free”televisionchannels.(D) (E)Cabletelevisionsubscriberscanchoosewhichchannelstheywishtoreceive,andthefeesvaryaccordingly. 2.Woodsmokecontainsdangeroustoxinsthatcausechangesinhumancells.Becausewoodsmokepresentssuchahighhealthrisk,legislationisneededtoregulatetheuseofopenairfiresandwoodburningstoves. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,providesthemostsupportfortheargumentabove? (A)Theamountofdangeroustoxinscontainedinwoodsmokeismuchlessthantheamountcontainedinanequalvolumeofautomobileexhaust. (B)Withinthejurisdictioncoveredbytheproposedlegislation,mostheatingandcookingisdonewithoilornaturalgas. (C)Smokeproducedbycoalburningstovesissignificantlymoretoxicthansmokefromwoodburningstoves. (D)Nosignificantbeneficialeffectonairqualitywouldresultifopenairfireswerebannedwithinthejurisdictioncoveredbytheproposedlegislation.(E) (E)Invalleyswherewoodisusedastheprimaryheatingfuel,theconcentrationofsmokeresultsinpoorairquality. 3.Within20yearsitwillprobablybepossibletoidentifythegeneticsusceptibilityanindividualmayhavetowardanyparticulardisease.Eventually,effectivestrategieswillbediscoveredtocounteracteachsuchsusceptibility.Oncetheseeffectivestrategiesarefound,therefore,thepeoplewhofollowthemwillnevergetsick. Theargumentaboveisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions? (A)Foreverydiseasethereisonlyonestrategythatcanpreventitsoccurrence. (B)Inthefuture,geneticswillbetheonlymedicalspecialtyofanyimportance. (C)Allhumansicknessesareinparttheresultofindividualsgeneticsusceptibilities. (D)Allhumansaregeneticallysusceptibletosomediseases.(C) (E)Peoplewillfollowmedicaladvicewhentheyareconvincedthatitiseffective. 4.Mostemployeesintheputerindustrymovefrompanytopany,changingjobsseveraltimesintheircareers.However,SummitComputersisknownthroughouttheindustryforretainingitsemployees.Summitcreditsitssuccessinretainingemployeestoitsinformal,nonhierarchicalworkenvironment. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststronglysupportsSummitsexplanationofitssuccessinretainingemployees? (A)Somepeopleemployedintheputerindustrychangejobsiftheybeeboredwiththeircurrentprojects. (B)Ahierarchicalworkenvironmenthindersthecooperativeexchangeofideasthatputerindustryemployeesconsidernecessaryfortheirwork. (C)ManyofSummitssenioremployeeshadpreviouslyworkedatonlyoneotherputerpany. (D)Inanonhierarchicalworkenvironment,peopleavoidbehaviorthatmightthreatengroupharmonyandthusavoiddiscussingwiththeircolleaguesanydissatisfactiontheymighthavewiththeirjobs.(B) (E)ThecostoflivingnearSummitisrelativelylowparedtoareasinwhichsomeotherputerpaniesarelocated. 5.Financingforalargeconstructionprojectwasprovidedbyagroupofbanks.Whenthemoneywasgonebeforetheprojectwaspleted,thebanksapprovedadditionalloans.Now,withfundsusedupagainandpletionstillnotathand,thebanksrefusetoextendfurtherloans,althoughwithoutthoseloans,theprojectisdoomed. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,bestexplainswhythebankscurrentreactionisdifferentfromtheirreactioninthepreviousinstanceofdepletionoffunds? (A)Thebankshavereassessedtheinepotentialofthepletedprojectandhaveconcludedthattotalinegenerablewouldbelessthantotalinterestdueontheoldplustheneedednewloans. (B)Thebankshaveidentifiedseveralotherprojectsthatofferfasterrepaymentoftheprincipalifloansareapprovednowtogetthoseprojectsstarted. (C)Thebankshadagreedwiththeborrowersthattheconstructionloanswouldbesecuredbythepletedproject. (D)Thecostoverrunswerelargelyduetounforeseeableproblemsthataroseinthemostdifficultphaseoftheconstructionwork.(A) (E)Theprojectstimulatedthedevelopmentandrefinementofseveralnewconstructiontechniques,whichwillmakeiteasierandcheapertocarryoutsimilarprojectsinthefuture. 6.Lowinefamiliesareoftenunabletoaffordasmuchchildcareastheyneed.Onegovernmentprogramwouldawardlowinefamiliesarefundontheinetaxestheypayofasmuchas$1,000foreachchildunderagefour.Thisprogramwouldmakeitpossibleforalllowinefamilieswithchildrenunderagefourtoobtainmorechildcarethantheyotherwisewouldhavebeenabletoafford. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslycallsintoquestiontheclaimthattheprogramwouldmakeitpossibleforalllowinefamiliestoobtainmorechildcare? (A)Theaveragefamilywithchildrenunderagefourspendsmorethan$1,000ayearonchildcare. (B)Somelowinefamiliesinwhichoneoftheparentsisusuallyavailabletocareforchildrenunderagefourmaynotwanttospendtheirinetaxrefundonchildcare. (C)Thereductioningovernmentrevenuesstemmingfromtheinetaxrefundwillnecessitatecutsinothergovernmentprograms,suchasgrantsforhighereducation. (D)Manylowinefamilieswithchildrenunderagefourdonotpayanyinetaxesbecausetheirtotalineistoolowtobesubjecttosuchtaxes.(D) (E)Inetaxeshaveincreasedsubstantiallyoverthepasttwentyyears,reducingthemoneythatlowinefamilieshaveavailabletospendonchildcare. 7.Notscored 8.Althoughparapsychologyisoftenconsideredapseudoscience,itisinfactagenuinescientificenterprise,foritusesscientificmethodssuchascontrolledexperimentsandstatisticaltestsofclearlystatedhypothesestoexaminethequestionsitraises. Theconclusionaboveisproperlydrawnifwhichofthefollowingisassumed? (A)Ifafieldofstudycanconclusivelyanswerthequestionsitraises,thenitisagenuinescience. (B)Sinceparapsychologyusesscientificmethods,itwillproducecredibleresults. (C)Anyenterprisethatdoesnotusecontrolledexperimentsandstatisticaltestsisnotgenuinescience. (D)Anyfieldofstudythatemploysscientificmethodsisagenuinescientificenterprise.(D) (E)Sinceparapsychologyraisesclearlystatablequestions,theycanbetestedincontrolledexperiments. 9.Hotcooilburners,designedtobeusedinasphaltplants,aresoefficientthatHotcowillsellonetotheCliftonAsphaltplantfornopaymentotherthanthecostsavingsbetweenthetotalamounttheasphaltplantactuallypaidforoilusingitsformerburnerduringthelasttwoyearsandthetotalamountitwillpayforoilusingtheHotcoburnerduringthenexttwoyears.Oninstallation,theplantwillmakeanestimatedpayment,whichwillbeadjustedaftertwoyearstoequaltheactualcostsavings. Whichofthefollowing,ifitoccurred,wouldconstituteadisadvantageforHotcooftheplandescribedabove? (A)Anothermanufacturersintroductiontothemarketofasimilarlyefficientburner (B)TheCliftonAsphaltplantsneedformorethanonenewburner (C)VerypoorefficiencyintheCliftonAsphaltplantsoldburner (D)Adecreaseinthedemandforasphalt(E) (E)Asteadyincreaseinthepriceofoilbeginningsoonafterthenewburnerisinstalled 10.Todayslowgasolinepricesmakeconsumerswillingtoindulgetheirpreferenceforlargercars,whichconsumegreateramountsofgasolineasfuel.SoUnitedStatesautomakersareunwillingtopursuethedevelopmentofnewfuelefficienttechnologiesaggressively.TheparticularreluctanceoftheUnitedStatesautomobileindustrytodoso,however,couldthreatentheindustrysfuture. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldprovidethemostsupportfortheclaimaboveaboutthefutureoftheUnitedStatesautomobileindustry? (A)Aprototypefuelefficientvehicle,builtfiveyearsago,achievesaveryhigh81milespergallononthehighwayand63inthecity,butitsmaterialsarerelativelycostly. (B)SmallcarssoldbymanufacturersintheUnitedStatesaremorefuelefficientnowthanbeforethesuddenjumpinoilpricesin1973. (C)Automakerselsewhereintheworldhaveslowedtheintroductionoffuelefficienttechnologiesbuthavepressedaheadwithresearchanddevelopmentoftheminpreparationforapredictedriseinworldoilprices. (D)Therearemanytechnologicalopportunitiesforreducingthewasteofenergyincarsandlighttrucksthroughweight,aerodynamicdrag,andbrakingfriction.(C) (E)Thepromotionofmasstransitoverautomobilesasanalternativemodeoftransportationhasencounteredconsumerresistancethatisdueinparttothefailureofmasstransittoacmodatethewidedispersalofpointsoforiginanddestinationsfortrips. 11.Anexperimentwasdoneinwhichhumansubjectsrecognizeapatternwithinamatrixofabstractdesignsandthenselectanotherdesignthatpletesthatpattern.Theresultsoftheexperimentweresurprising.Thelowestexpenditureofenergyinneuronsinthebrainwasfoundinthosesubjectswhoperformedmostsuccessfullyintheexperiments. Whichofthefollowinghypothesesbestaccountsforthefindingsoftheexperiment? (A)Theneuronsofthebrainreactlesswhenasubjectistryingtorecognizepatternsthanwhenthesubjectisdoingotherkindsofreasoning. (B)Thosewhoperformedbestintheexperimentexperiencedmoresatisfactionwhenworkingwithabstractpatternsthandidthosewhoperformedlesswell. (C)Peoplewhoarebetteratabstractpatternrecognitionhavemoreenergyefficientneuralconnections. (D)Theenergyexpenditureofthesubjectsbrainsincreaseswhenadesignthatpletestheinitiallyrecognizedpatternisdetermined.(C) (E)Thetaskofpletingagivendesignismorecapablyperformedbyathletes,whoseenergyexpenditureislowerwhentheyareatrestthanisthatofthegeneralpopulation. 12.Aresearcherstudyingdrugaddictsfoundthat,onaverage,theytendtomanipulateotherpeopleagreatdealmorethannonaddictsdo.Theresearcherconcludedthatpeoplewhofrequentlymanipulateotherpeoplearelikelytobeeaddicts. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheresearchersconclusion? (A)Afterbeingaddictedtodrugs,drugaddictslearntomanipulateotherpeopleasawayofobtainingdrugs. (B)Whentheyareimprisoned,drugaddictsoftenusetheirabilitytomanipulateotherpeopletoobtainbetterlivingconditions. (C)Somenonaddictsmanipulateotherpeoplemorethansomeaddictsdo. (D)Peoplewhoarelikelytobeeaddictsexhibitunusualbehaviorpatternsotherthanfrequentmanipulationofotherpeople.(A) (E)Theaddictsthattheresearcherstudiedwereoftenunsuccessfulinobtainingwhattheywantedwhentheymanipulatedotherpeople. 13.Onewaytojudgetheperformanceofapanyistopareitwithotherpanies.Thistechnique,monlycalled“benchmarking,”permitsthemanagerofapanytodiscoverbetterindustrialpracticesandcanprovideajustificationfortheadoptionofgoodpractices. Anyofthefollowing,iftrue,isavalidreasonforbenchmarkingtheperformanceofapanyagainstpanieswithwhichitisnotinpetitionratherthanagainstpetitorsEXCEPT: (A)Comparisonswithpetitorsaremostlikelytofocusonpracticesthatthemanagermakingtheparisonsalreadyemploys. (B)Getting“inside”informationabouttheuniquepracticesofpetitorsisparticularlydifficult. (C)Sincepaniesthatpetewitheachotherarelikelytohaveparablelevelsofefficiency,onlybenchmarkingagainstnonpetitorsislikelytorevealpracticesthatwouldaidinbeatingpetitors. (D)Managersaregenerallymorereceptivetonewideasthattheyfindoutsidetheirownindustry.(E) (E)Muchofthesuccessofgoodpaniesisduetotheiradoptionofpracticesthattakeadvantageofthespecialcircumstancesoftheirproductsofmarkets. 14.Amongthemoreeffectivekindsofpublicitythatpublisherscangetforanewbookistohaveexcerptsofitpublishedinahighcirculationmagazinesoonbeforethebookispublished.Thebenefitsofsuchexcerptionincludenotonlyasureincreaseinsalesbutalsoafeepaidbythemagazinetothebookspublisher. Whichofthefollowingconclusionsisbestsupportedbytheinformationabove? (A)Thenumberofpeopleforwhomseeinganexcerptofabookinamagazineprovidesanadequatesubstituteforreadingthewholebookissmallerthanthenumberforwhomtheexcerptstimulatesadesiretoreadthebook. (B)Becausethefinancialadvantageofexcerptinganewbookinamagazineusuallyaccruestothebookspublisher,magazineeditorsareunwillingtopublishexcerptsfromnewbooks. (C)Incalculatingthetotalnumberofcopiesthatabookhassold,publishersincludesalesofcopiesofmagazinesthatfeaturedanexcerptofthebook. (D)Theeffectivenessofhavingexcerptsofabookpublishedinamagazine,measuredintermsofincreasedsalesofabook,isproportionaltothecirculationofthemagazineinwhichtheexcerptsarepublished.(A) (E)Booksthataresuitableforexcerptinginhighcirculationmagazinessellmorecopiesthanbooksthatarenotsuitableforexcerpting. 15.InSwartkansterritory,archaeologistsdiscoveredcharredbonefragmentsdatingback1millionyears.Analysisofthefragments,whichcamefromavarietyofanimals,showedthattheyhadbeenheatedtotemperaturesnohigherthanthoseproducedinexperimentalcampfiresmadefrombranchesofwhitestinkwood,themostmontreearoundSwartkans. Whichofthefollowing,