《句作文法模式》PPT课件.ppt

1,基础写作,短文的结构：引言部分(introduction)三个部分：正文部分(body)总结部分(conclusion)段落结构：主题句(topicsentence)三个部分：扩展句(developingsentences)结束句conclusionsentences),2,准备写文章的步骤：动笔修改提纲的写法：Pollution,1.Types&causes,airpollution,waterpollution,factoriescarsfires,sewageschemicalsoils,3,2.Harmfulness,environment,peopleshealth,cancersotherdiseases,3.Measures,morelawseverybodysefforts,4,十句作文法模式,5,Para.1S(1):GeneraltalkofthetopicS(2):Thesis:thewritersattitudetowardsitPara.2S(3):ThewritersreasontohavethisattitudeS(4):SupportIS(5):Detail1S(6):Detail2S(7):SupportIIS(8):Detail1S(9):Detail2Para.3S(10):Conclusion:restatethethesis,6,第一段:S(1)引出主题(Topic),也即引出本文要讨论的问题，如：妇女问题、体育问题、大学生打工问题等。S(2)确立论点（Thesis），也即表明作者对这个问题的基本看法，例如是赞成还是反对等。第二段:S(3)承上启下，重复上一句的论点，提纲挈领引出本段要讨论的几个论据。S(4)第一论据：引出证明论点的第一个论据，或原因或理由或观点等。,7,S(5)细节说明：运用具体事例、事实说明第一个论据。S(6)细节说明：运用具体事例、事实说明第一个论据。S(7)第二论据：引出证明论点的第二个论据，或原因或理由或观点等。S(8)细节说明：运用具体事例、事实说明第二个论据。S(9)细节说明：运用具体事例、事实说明第二个论据。第三段:S(10)全文总结：重复或归纳全文论点。,8,范文：ChangesinPeoplesDiet(1)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,rice,thestaplefoodofmostChinese,isnowplayingalessimportantroleintheirdiet,whiletheconsumptionofhighqualityfoodsuchasmeat,milkandfruithasgreatlyincreased.(2)Amarkedchangehastakenplaceonthefamilydinningtableinlast10years.,9,(3)Therearetwofactorsleadingtothechange.(4)Foronething,peoplenowenjoyahigherstandardofliving.(5)Intheolddaysfewfamiliescouldaffordmeatandmilkeveryday,whichoftenmeantabigchunkofthefamilyincome.(6)Butnowpeoplehaveenoughmoneytotastearichvarietyoffoods.(7)Foranother,peopleoftodaypaymoreattentiontonutrition.(8)Theyarenotmerely,10,contenttofillthestomach.(9)Theyareseekingthemostreasonabledietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.(10)Inshort,withpeoplesstandardsoflivinggettinghigherandhigher,changesintheirdietwillbemoreobviousandgreater.,11,范文分析：第一句：用统计事实引出主题-人们饮食结构的变化。第二句：表明作者对这一变化的看法，也即全文的论点。第三句：点出变化的两个因素，为下面具体叙述作好准备。第四句：是引出变化的第一个因素-生活水平的提高。第五、六句：具体说明生活水平的提高与饮食结构变化的关系。第七句：是引出变化的第二个因素-人们注意营养。,12,第八、九句：具体阐述人们注意营养怎么会导致饮食结构的变化。第十句：用预示的方法归纳总结全文的论点。,13,练习：WhyCollegeStudentsTakeaPart-timeJob?1.最近几年越来越多的大学生加入打工的队伍。2.为什么大学生要打工？3.大学生打工的意义。,14,形象化描述,用数据和事实引出将要讨论的现象,WhyCollegeStudentsTakeaPart-timeJob?,(1)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,about25percentofChinesecollegestudentsnowholdapart-timeortemporaryjob,comparedwithnearly10yearsago,andthisfigureincreasesto72percentduringsummervocation.(2)Collegestudentsareworkingastutors,salespersons,engineersanddoingwhateverworktheycanfind.,15,原因1/短句变化,承上启下，引出解释/同位语,(3)Whydotheywantoddjobs-jobsusuallyrequiringlittleskillandknowledge?(4)Theprimaryreason,Ithink,ismoney.(5)Feelingthefinancialpressureasbooks,moviesandbusfareshaveallgoneupinprice,thereisscarcelyayoungboyorgirlwhodoesnotwanttoearnalittlemoneytohelpcovertheincreasinglyhighercollegecosts,andatbestsaveenoughtogotravelingorbuythingstheyhavelongdesired.,16,措词变化,原因2,(6)Inthiswaytheyhopetobeeconomicallyindependent&avoidtheindignityofhavingtoaskformoneyagainandagain.(7)Besidestheywanttogainsomeexperienceinthewayofsociety.(8)Studentsgrowingupfromnurseryschooltocollegeonlyknowaboutbooksandhavetroubledealingwithrealities.(9)Workingonapart-timebasiscanprovidethemarareopportunitytoknowtheoutsideworldandpreparethemforafuturecareer.,17,总结全文，指明意义。,(10)Thesignificanceforcollegestudentsofdoingapart-timejobmeansmorethanmoneyandexperience:Itwillbroadentheiroutlookandexertaprofoundinfluenceontheirpersonalityandlife.,TheEnd,18,SportsandHealth1.Theimportanceofhealth2.Sportsandhealth3.YourconclusionEconomicReforminChina1.Necessityofeconomicreform2.Thebenefitsbroughtaboutbyeconomicreform3.Economicreformshouldcontinue,ExercisesinWriting:,19,PopulationProblem1.ContinuingIncreaseofpopulation2.TheProblemBroughtbyPopulation3.WeShouldControlPopulationWaterPollution1.Sourcesofwaterpollution2.Harmofwaterpollution3.Solutions,20,CountryLifeandCityLife1.Peoplelivinginthecountrymayenjoyseveraladvantagesthatpeopleinthecitycannot.2.Peoplelivingincitieshavemuchmoretoenjoy.3.Peoplewillcontinuetoargueoverthequestions.,21,Information&ModernWorldTheimportanceofinformationinthemodernworld.2.Themeanstogetinformation3.YourownopinionScience&ModernLife1.Relationbetweenscience&modernlife2.Influenceofsci