流程图题.docx

流程图的四要素1.流程图的信息比数学图表要更零散，看图时必须更加仔细，不能漏掉一个细节，否则可能导致无法正确理解题意。2.流程图里有生词完全正常。即使给出你中文的流程图，中间有的技术用语你也可能不认识，所以流程图里出现生词真的是再正常不过的事情。关键在于生词大多数都是名词，而且生词旁边都要解释性的图画，我们虽然不一定能够准确的猜出它的意思，至少大方向可以猜的出来。对待流程图里面生词的最好方法就是把它直接抄到文章里，因为它根本就不会影响我们写作。3.表示顺序的连词或者词组一定要多用。什么叫流程图？就是描述一个过程的图表，所以要充分使用下面的连词：At first=initially=in the first stageThen =in the next step=after that=in the following stageAt this point =in this phaseFinally=eventually有了这类表示顺序的连词，文章就有了骨骼，再往下加内容就是水到渠成的事了。4.如果发现流程图特别复杂，一定要合并成几大步来写。当你面对一个包含十几个小图的流程图时，你是否曾感到末日降临？其实只要你仔细研究就会发现，如果一个流程图里真的有一大堆小图，那么只有一种可能，就是一定能把这些小图合并成大的阶段来介绍。而且当这种情况真的出现时，题目里一定会有某些细节暗示我们如何把小图合并成大的阶段。实战练习Example1:You should spend about 20minutes on this task. The diagram below show how The Australian Bureau of Meteorology collects up-to-the-minute information on the weather in order to produce reliable forecasts. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.分析：这道题应该算是一道很典型的流程图了。正如很多考生害怕的那样这里既有生词无数，N多的小图还有迷宫般的网络。但是只要你能暂时抛开心里的恐惧感，静下心来用我们刚刚讲的四个要素衡量一下你就会发现：1. 这个信息绝对分散。所以请大家一定要保证每个图和每个字都看到了，即使不认识的单词也要看一下。2. 题目中有很多生词。但是我们应该能够猜出这个图讲的是澳洲的某个机构搜集天气信息，并且加工然后播放的一个流程。有些生词，比如右下角drifting buoy 完全可以猜出是水上搜集天气信息的一种装置，然后抄到文章中就好了，根本没有必要知道它的确切定义。3. 描述这个图明显要用到很多表示顺序的连词。4. 这样复杂的图肯定要合并成几大步来写。几大步最好呢？三步吗？按照卫星、雷达和浮标来写。这样写虽然逻辑上没有问题但是还是很容易乱。有没有更好的办法呢？大家可以仔细看一下，在这个流程图上方有4组黑体字：Incoming information: 信息接受Analysis &forecasting:分析和预报Prepare the broadcast:准备播放Broadcast:播放范文：开头转述原题The process diagram illustrates in four stages how the Australian Bureau of Meteorology gathers its weather information in order to make weather forecasts.According to the diagram, in the first stage there is the “incoming information”. Specifically, whether data is collected from outer space, on land, or at sea, using satellite, radar, and drifting buoy respectively. Next, in the second step, this data is analyzed and forecast by experts. At this stage experts study satellite photos, radar screens, and synoptic charts to determine weather conditions. Stage three of the process is when the information is prepared for broadcast. This is done through the computer which sends all necessary data to the fourth stage. At this point the weather data is broadcast to the general public via TV, radio and telephone.Thus, the process diagram clearly shows how data is collected, studied, prepared, and finally broadcast.Example2:You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.The chart below shows the shaping and growth of the forests in Yellowstone National Park after a fire disaster.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Write at least 150 words.分析：这道题的生词比较少，但是看图一定要仔细，很明显， 第二个图到第三个图数的数量减少了（因为竞争competition）,第四到五个图同样出现了树木数量的减少。这道题还是要分步来写。请看下面的范文，体会连接词的使用。范文：The progress diagram illustrates in four stages the recovery of the forests in Yellowstone National Park after a devastating forest fire.According to the diagram, in the first picture, while the old forest still exist, they drop bad wood to the soil under them, which makes the soil more fertile. Then lightening and fire strike, destroying the forests completely. And the growth of new forests starts right at the point. The second picture demonstrates that in the first 50 years after devastating fire, saplings emerge where the old forests used to stand. The second five decades see the saplings grow in build while diminish in overall number. In the next two centuries, the young trees continue to thrive in Yellowstone, because of the fertile soil and the ample sunlight. Then , three hundred years after the fire, the forests begin to experience a turnaround and the number of tress decline to roughly the same as the old forests.These five pictures show us that it takes as long as three centuries for a destroyed forest to fully recover. Additionally, they vividly explain us that the natural law of “ survival of the fittest”. The number of trees that a region can support is not limitless, which means the forests on earth will not be an inexhaustible resource.Example3:You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.Chorleywood is a village near London whose population has increased steadily since the middle of the nineteenth century. The map shows the development of the village.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.分析：这道题看起来像是map,其实还是一个分成四步发展的流程图，每个阶段写出它的交通方式即可。范文：Chorleywood is a village close to London. Its population has increased gradually since the middle of the nineteenth century. The map describes in four stages how the village of Chorleywood developed from 1868 to 1994.According to the map, the first period was from 1868 to 1883. At this time Chorleywood was only a small area of inhabited land. As for transportation, the people of Chorleywood only had two main roads available to them. The next period stretched from 1883 to 1922. During this time the village more than doubled in land area. The Chorleywood railway station and the railway were built in the middle of this new patch of land. Next, the period between 1922 to 1970 saw the village slowly expanding alongside the railway line. Finally, from 1970 to 1994 Chorleywood again increased significantly in size. In 1970, a motorway