肯尼迪就职演说背景

1 / 38 肯尼迪就职演说背景 the background meaning in john f. kennedy?s inaugural address 摘要 :肯尼迪是美国历 史上最年轻的总统 ,他的当选代表了二战后的年轻主张 .肯尼迪的就职演讲被认为是美国总统就职演讲中最为精彩的篇章之一 ,其语言简明、结构巧 妙 , 内容也反映了当时的政治，文化，社会背景，值 得我们 探究学 习。关 键词 :就职 演讲 ;权利 ;核力量 .abstract: kennedy was the youngest person elected president .his presidency came to represent the america youthful idealism in the aftermath of world war ii. and kennedy?s address was considered as one of the most wonderful in american history, the words in it is short, well-organized, inflected the political, culture, social background, and his sentences were worthing study. key words: inaugural address; rights; nuclear power. ?s victory is all the people?s victory. “ we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration 2 / 38 of freedom-symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning-signifying renewal, as well as change?” president of america is not only a victory of a party but also embody the celebration of freedom. it symbolizing a new start , which fulfill hope, freedom. equal rights. it is also the victory of all the american people and the human rights career. new generations advocate freedom, equal rights and peace. some americans proudly called the 1950s the placid decade. the united states had made huge profits in the second world war. as a result, the post-war years saw a degree of prosperity of capitalist economy. the relation between capital and labor became less was a relative peace. as to the new generation ,few of they have been influenced by the old doctrine of pre-world war， they witness the tragedy of war and the power of the nucleus. americans are free free to express to create, and ideally, to 3 / 38 solve problems, and expect to make the world a better place. they rose with a respect, recognition for and expectation of continued freedom; they have immense freedom and their ancient people fought to have freedom. kennedy, as a spirited image, he called on people to pursue freedom, human rights, etc. he took vigorous action in the cause of equal rights calling for new civil rights legislation. he wished america to resume its old mission as the first dedicated to the revolution of human rights. with the alliance for progress and the peace corps, he brought american idealism to the aid of developing nations and leaded the nation on its longest sustained expansion since wwii. 3. diplomacy policy and nuclear power at kennedy?s times. vs “ ? bargaining chip according to the ever-changing balance of power. cuba nuclear after his inauguration, 4 / 38 russians tried to install nuclear missiles in cuba. when this wasdiscovered in october quarantine on al offensiveweapons bound for cuba. while the world trembled on the brink of nuclear war, the russians backed down and agreed to take he missiles away? the months after the cuba crisis showed significant progress toward kennedy?s goal of “ a world of law and free choice, banishing the world of war and coercion” . his administration thus saw the beginning of new hope for both the equal rights of americans and the peace of the world. 6. massive holy bible languages were used in the address. although kennedy?s addresswas given to the whole world, as to the people of english countries who mostly is christian and believe in the god, he quoted many sentences in the bible. perhaps he thought that such language style would arouse thesense of agreement among english countries, or on the other hand, maybe this is because kennedy believes in catholicism. and people always suspect whether he can fulfillhis responsibility impartially or not, 5 / 38 because he is a catholic. in order toreply this, in september of 1960,kennedy said he was not catholic candidate for president; he was the democratic partys candidate for president who happens also to be a catholic. and he was not speaking for his church on public matters and the church does not speak for him. and kennedy also stressed there are many other things which is much more important than religion. war, hunger, ignorance and despair have no religion limit, and we should use religion tolerance to serve the national well-being. his speech restrained the noisy sound surrounding his religion issues. biography: 1狄红秋 . celebration hall: presidents of the m .天津：天津大学出版 社， XX， 209-211. 2李志坤 et al. 肯尼迪就职演说词的语用含义探究 j/ol. cjfd 收录刊 , 科技信息 XX 年 09 期 ,3. 3张汉熙 et al. 高级英语 m .北京：外语6 / 38 教学与研究出版社 ,1995,51-56. 篇二：肯尼迪就职演说评析 阅读翻译注释 首席法官先生，艾森豪威尔威尔总统，尼克松副总统， 杜鲁门总统，尊敬的神父，同胞 们；我们今天庆祝的不是一次政党的胜利而是庆祝自由精神的胜利 - 这不仅象征结束 这 还象征开始 意味着更新 也意味着变革。我在你们和全能的上帝面前宣读了将近一百 七十年前我们祖先拟定的同一庒严的誓言。现在，这世界已完全不同了。人类把消除各种贫 穷及毁灭各种形式的生活的力量握在巨手中。然而，在全球，我们祖先为之奋斗的相同的革 命信念仍然在争论之中 这信念 :人权不是来自国家的慷慨，而是来自上帝之手。 1： the same solemn oath: i do solemnly swear that i will faithfully execute the office of president of the united states,and will,to the best of my ability,preserve protest and defend the constitution of the united states.同一庒严的誓词：我郑重地 宣誓我一定满怀信心 地履任美国总统职务，尽我所能，维持，保护和防卫美国宪法。 2：林肯： four score and seven years ago,八十七年前；肯尼迪在此借用： nearly a century and three quarters ago 接近一百七十五7 / 38 年前 今天，我们不会忘记我们是第一次革命的后代。在此时此地，让我们的朋友和敌人都听 到我们的讲话：火炬已传到了新一代美国人手里 生在本世纪，受过战争的考炼，经历艰 难困苦的和平磨炼，以我们古老的传统而自豪 不愿意眼看着 ，不容忍我们美国一直承诺 的 ,今天在美国及全球仍然在承诺的人权，不断地遭受践踏。 3、 let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe,in order to assure the survival and the success of much we pledge and more.让每一个希望我们好还是希望我们不好的国家知道，我们将不惜一切代价，承受一切负 担，面对各种困难，支持所有朋友，反对一切敌人，以捍卫和争取自由的胜利。我们保证这 些 而且不仅如此。对偶：有意识地把词意相对的词语放在对称的结构中形成对照。结构匀称，整齐，词的 意义相反而互相衬托，使语言鲜明，使语义加强。well or ill place and time friend foeunited,little 8 / 38 we can not do,divided,little we can a free society can not help the many who are poor,it can not save the few who are rich. it was the best of times,it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom 智慧 ,it was the age of foolishness 愚蠢 it was the epoch of belief 信仰， it was the e poch of incredulity 怀疑 it was the season of light,it was the season of darkness, it was the spring of hope,it was the winter of despair 绝望 , we had everything before us,we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to heaven,we were all going direct the other way.狄 更斯：双城记 tom gave up the brush with reluctance in his face,but eagerness in his heart. 马克。吐温：排比：结构相同，意义并重，语气一致的词组或句子排列成串，形成一个整体。渲染， 壮文势，广文义。使文章条理清楚，论点突出。 that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any 9 / 38 friend,oppose any foe, there was a song in every heart;there was cheer in every face and a spring in every step. mark twain: 4. to those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share,we pledge the loyalty of faithful ,there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ,there is little we can do for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. 对那些和我们有着共同文化和精神渊源的老盟友，我们保证对挚友的忠诚。团结一致， 我们在许多合作事业中将无往不胜。四分五裂，我们将一事无成。 - 因为，意见分歧，各行 其是，我们就不能对付强大的挑战。对那些我们欢迎他们加入自由行列的新国家，我们保证对现我们的诺言：一种形式的殖 民控制的结束，决不能被更为暴虐的专制来代替。我们不总是指望看到他们支持我们的观点 , 但是，我们总是希望看到他们强烈的支持他们自己的自由 请记住，在过去，那些靠骑在 10 / 38 虎背上愚蠢地 寻找力量的人 ,必葬身虎腹。 1： one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far greater iron tyranny. 否定的转移： man does not live that he may eat but eats that he may live.人活着，不是为了 吃；但是 ,吃，人才活下来。 i do not think you are right. the machine did not stop for lack of oil. 2：those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up once was a lady from niger， who smiled as she rode on a came back from the ride, with the lady inside, and the smile on the face of the tiger. 对那些遍布在另一半地球上的茅屋荒村里，正在奋力打碎穷困锁链的各民族；我们保证， 无认需要多长时间，将尽最大的努力，来帮助他们帮助他们自己 不是因为共产党可能做 这些，也不是因为我们寻求他们在联合国里的选票，而是这样做是正确的。如果自由社会不 能帮助那些众多穷人，那么它就不能拯救少数富人。 对那些我们边界以南的各姐妹邻邦，我们提出特别的保证 在为进步而缔结成新的联 盟中，把我们良好的诺言转变成有益的行动，支持11 / 38 自由的人们和自由的政府 摆脱贫困的枷锁。 但是，这种充满希望的和平革命不能成为敌对势力的牺牲品。让我们所有的邻邦知道，我们 将和他们一起反对美洲大陆上任何地方的侵略和颠覆。让所有其他国家知道，西半球的人民 决心继续做自己家园的主人。对联合国，这个主权国家的世界性议会组织，在战争手段远远超过和平手段这一时代， 我们最美好和最后的希望之所在，我们重申我们对联合国支持的保证 防止它仅仅变成谩 骂的讲坛 加强对新生国家和弱小国家的保护 扩大联合国的决议得以执行的范围。 ,to those nations who would make themselves our adversary,we offer not a pledge but a request: thatboth sides begin anew the quest for peace,before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.最后，对那些一定要使自己成为我们敌手的国家，我们不是做出保证，而是提出要求： 我们双方重新开始谋求和平，不要等到被科学释放12 / 38 出的毁灭性的巨大威力因有意或无意的自 我毁灭而吞灭全人类。篇三：肯尼迪就职演讲中英文 friday, january 20, 1961vice president johnson, mr. speaker, mr. chief justice, president eisenhower, vice president nixon, president truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens, we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom-symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning-signifying renewal, as well as change. for i have sworn i before you and almighty god the same solemn oath our forebears l prescribed nearly a century and three quarters every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and the success of much we pledge-and more. to those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. united, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. divided, there is little 13 / 38 we can do-for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental dare not tempt them with weakness. for only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed. so let us begin anew-remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. let us never negotiate out of fear. but let us never fear to both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems 14 / 38 which divide us. all this will not be finished in the first 100 days. nor will it be finished in the first 1,000 days, nor in the life of this administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. but let us begin. in your hands, my fellow citizens, more than in mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course. since this country was founded, each generation of americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. the graves of young americans who answered the call to service surround the we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, north and south, east and west, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? will you join in that historic effort? and so, my fellow americans: ask not what your country can do for you-ask what you can do for your fellow citizens of the world: ask not what america will do for you, but what 15 / 38 together we can do for the freedom of man. finally, whether you are citizens of america or citizens of the world, ask of The Background Meaning in John F. Kennedy?s Inaugural Address 摘要 :肯尼迪是美国历史上最年轻的总统 ,他的当选代表了二战后的年轻主张 .肯 尼迪的就职演讲被认为是美国总统就职演讲中最为精彩的篇章之一 ,其语言简明、结构巧妙 , 内容也反映了当时的政治，文化，社会背景，值得我们探究学习。 关键词 :就职演讲 ;权利 ;核力量 . Abstract: Kennedy was the youngest person elected President .His presidency came to represent the America youthful idealism in the aftermath of World War II. And Kennedy?s address was considered as one of the most wonderful in American history, the words in it is short, well-organized, inflected the political, culture, social background, and his sentences were worthing study. Key Words: Inaugural address; Rights; Nuclear power. President Kennedy was an excellent speaker and writer; Kennedys speech object is global ， does not 16 / 38 only aimed at the American citizen, moreover in view of international judgment. He applied various historics. Such as, alleles, repetition, alliteration, antithesis, metaphor, synecdoche. And he used the first person, let people in the same standpoint, feel comfortable, so make it easy to win their support. He aroused Americans sense of pride and responsibility, enabled the speech having strong sedition .In his address, we can learn the political, social, cultural situations at that moment; appreciate the art of his language. ?s victory is all the people?s victory. “ We observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom-symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning-signifying renewal, as well as change ” Kennedy emphasized that he become the president of America is not only a victory of a party but also embody the celebration of freedom. It symbolizing a new start , which fulfill hope, freedom. Equal rights. It is also the victory of all the American 17 / 38 people and the human rights career. new generations advocate freedom, equal rights and peace. “ We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans-born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage-and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world” Some Americans proudly called the 1950s the Placid Decade. The United States had made huge profits in the Second World War. As a result, the post-war years saw a degree of prosperity of capitalist economy. The relation between capital and labor became less was a relative peace. As to the new generation ,few of they have been influenced by the old doctrine of pre-world war， they witness the tragedy of war and the power of the nucleus. Americans are free free to express to 18 / 38 create, and ideally, to solve problems, and expect to make the world a better place. They rose with a respect, recognition for and expectation of continued freedom; they have immense freedom and their ancient people fought to have freedom. Kennedy, as a spirited image, he called on people to pursue freedom, human rights, etc. He took vigorous action in the cause of equal rights calling for new civil rights legislation. He wished America to resume its old mission as the first dedicated to the revolution of human rights. With the Alliance for Progress and the Peace Corps, he brought American idealism to the aid of developing nations and leaded the nation on its longest sustained expansion since WWII. 3. Diplomacy policy and nuclear power at Kennedy?s times. VS “ Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, 19 / 38 before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.But neither can two GREat and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course-both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankinds final war.” At that time, the contradiction between socialism countries and capitalistic states is still sharp. Ever since the advent of atomic bombs at the end of the Second World War, the nuclear weapon has played a very important part in United States world strategy. In its rivalry with the former Soviet Union, the United States had used its nuclear arsenal either as a trump card or as a bargaining chip according to the ever-changing balance of power. Cuba nuclear crisis. Soon after his inauguration, Russians tried to install nuclear missiles in Cuba. When this was 20 / 38 discovered in October imposed quarantine on al offensive weapons bound for Cuba. While the world trembled on the brink of nuclear war, the Russians backed down and agreed to take he missiles away the months after the Cuba crisis showed significant progress toward Kennedy?s goal of “ a world of law and free choice, banishing the world of war and coercion” . His administration thus saw the beginning of new hope for both the equal rights of Americans and the peace of the world. 5.” become the host of our own” America say to the Americas. “ To those new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom-and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of 21 / 38 the tiger ended up inside” “ Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every other power know that this Hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house .” In this address, Kennedy used many metaphors to convey implicated meanings. In the first sentence, he talked about some countries were used to seek the aids from socialist country, but lost their freedom at last. He thought this is very foolish, implying and treating the other countries don?t be close to socialism any more. Next, he spoke in a sincerely tone, calling on all the American people to protect their freedom, their human rights of course, under their eldest brother -America?s leader. He compared “ his peaceful revolution of hope.” and “ Americas” to