中考英语 语法精讲精练 第12节 句子种类课件 人教新目标版.ppt

,英语,第12节句子种类,考点突破,中考导航,课堂小测,中考模拟演练,中考导航,1.反义疑问句的含义反意疑问句是指问话人对自己的看法、观点不完全肯定，需要别人来加以证实。它由陈述句与一个简短的一般疑问句构成，中间用逗号隔开。陈述句是肯定句时，反意部分用否定形式，否定形式必须缩写；陈述句是否定句时，反义部分用肯定形式。即前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯定。反义部分的主语必须用代词。如:Hegoestoworkonfoot，doesnthe?他步行去上班，是吗?,首页,末页,考点突破,考点1.反义疑问句(),首页,末页,2.反意疑问句的三种基本结构(1)结构一：肯定的陈述句+否定的附加问句(前肯后否)ItsTuesdaytoday，isntit?今天星期二，是吗？Sheoftenhaslunchatschool，doesntshe?她常在学校吃午饭，对吗？TheywenttotheGreatWallyesterday，didntthey?他们昨天去的长城，是吗？前面陈述部分是肯定形式，后面附加问句用否定形式。附加问句的主谓部分通常由陈述部分的主谓语来决定，即人称一致、时态一致。,考点突破,首页,末页,(2)结构二：否定的陈述句+肯定的附加问句(前否后肯)Youcantdoit，canyou?你不能做，是吗？TomdoesntspeakFrench，doeshe?汤姆不会说法语，对吗？当陈述部分有hardly，seldom，few，little，no，never，nothing，nobody，nowhere等否定词时，附加疑问部分要用肯定形式。如：Shenevertellsalie，doesshe?她从来不撒谎，是吗？Nobodycananswerthequestion，canthey?没有人能回答这个问题，是吗？Fewpeopleknowaboutit，dothey?几乎没有人知道有关这件事情，是吗？Hewasseldomlate，washe?他很少迟到，是吗？NeitheryounorIcanworkitout，canwe?你我都不能算出它，对吗？,考点突破,首页,末页,(3)结构三：祈使句+附加问句Stoptalking，willyou?停止讲话，好吗？Youfeedthebirdtoday，willyou?今天你喂鸟，好吗？Dontmakeanynoise，willyou?不要吵闹，好吗？Letusgohometogether，willyou？让我们一起回家，好吗？Letshavearest，shallwe?咱们休息一会儿，行吗？,考点突破,首页,末页,祈使句的反意疑问句，若前面是否定结构，则附加问句只能用willyou。若前面是肯定结构，附加问句用willyou，也可用wont/would/can/canntyou或shallwe等，它形式上是反意疑问句，但并不表示正式的疑问句，也不表示反意，而是表示邀请或表示请求。lets用于提出建议并包括对方时，其附加问句用shallwe。letus表示征求对方许可，其附加问句用willyou。let+第三人称时，其附加问句用willyou。这种反意疑问句往往用来表示进一步征求对方的意见，使口气变的客气，委婉一些。,考点突破,首页,末页,3.五种特殊情况的反意疑问句(1)当陈述部分是Im时，附加疑问句通常用arentI。Iamaveryhonestman，arentI?我是一个非常诚实的人，是吗？(2)当陈述部分是Iwish时，附加疑问句通常用mayI。Iwishtogowiththem，mayI?我想同他们一起去，可以吗？(3)当陈述部分为省略句时,附加疑问句的主语通常应视省略的情况而定。Anicegirl，isntshe?她是个好姑娘，对吧？Whataniceday，isntit?天气真好，是吧？(4)当陈述部分有usedto时，附加疑问句可用usedto或did。Heusedtoliveinthecountry，usednt(didnt)he?他过去常住在乡村，是吗？(5)当陈述部分有hadbetter时，附加疑问句用had。Wehadbetterdoitbyourselves，hadntwe?我们最好靠我们自己做，好吗？,考点突破,首页,末页,4.反意疑问句的回答对于反意疑问句的回答，总的一个原则是：不管问题的提法如何，只要事实上是肯定的，就用yes回答，事实上是否定的，就用no回答。但当陈述部分是否定句时，回答译成汉语时不一样。如：Youdontwanttogoout，doyou?你不想出去，对吧？Yes，Ido.No，Idont.不，我想出去。对，我不想出去。,考点突破,首页,末页,()1.(2012广东)YouhaventbeentotheWestLake,haveyou?.ButIwillgotherewithmyparentsthissummervacation.A.No,IhaventB.No,IdidntC.Yes,IhaveD.Yes,Idid,考点突破,母题训练,A,A,中考预测,()5.Hedidntgototheconcertyesterday,didhe?.Hewasbusystudyingforthetestsallday.A.No,hedidntB.Yes,hedidC.No,hedidD.Yes,hedidnt,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,C,B,中考预测,()2.(2011广东)Alicehadnothingforbreakfastthismorning,?No.Shegotuptoolate.A.hadsheB.hadntsheC.didsheD.didntshe,()6.Shesneverspokentoaforeigner,?Yes.ShesactiveandcanspeakEnglishfreely.A.issheB.hassheC.isntsheD.hasntshe,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,A,C,中考预测,()3.(2010广东)TheboyhasanewMP4，?AdoesntheBisntheCdoesheDishe,()7.TheycanhardlyspeakEnglish,?A.canttheyB.wonttheyC.cantheyD.willthey,母题训练,中考预测,()4.(2009广东)E-mailisverypopulartoday.Peopleseldomwritelettersnow,?A.didtheyB.dotheyC.didnttheyD.dontthey,()8.LetsvisittheNationalMuseumthisweekend,?A.willyouB.wontweC.dontweD.shallwe,B,D,首页,末页,感叹句表示说话人的喜悦、气愤、惊讶等强烈的情绪。感叹句一般是由what或how开头。what用来强调名词，how则强调形容词、副词或动词。1.感叹句的基本句型(1)What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！Whatacleverboyheis!他是个多聪明的男孩！Whatcoldweatheritis!多冷的天气啊！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!(它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！Whatgoodnewsitis!多么好的消息啊！在感叹句中，whata/an常用来修饰单数可数名词，若该名词前面的形容词为元音音素开头，则用whatan。what是用来修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。但有些不可数名词（rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等）前面有形容词修饰，从而使抽象名词具体化时，则要用whata/an。,考点突破,考点2.感叹句(),首页,末页,(2)How+形容词副词+主语+谓语！Howkindyouare!你心肠真好！Howbluetheskyis!天空是多么蓝啊！Howfasttheyareworking!他们干得真快啊！Howheloveshispet!他是多么喜欢他的宠物！how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：Howwellshedances!她跳的多好呀！（how修饰动词）,考点突破,首页,末页,2.选用What和How的高效方法判断感叹句的引导词是What还是How。先把主谓+其他部分去掉，看最后一个词是名词用what，是形容词或副词用how。若没有主谓则看句末一词而定。句末一词是名词用what，是形容词或副词用how。Whatasmartmanheis!(主谓是heis，把它们去掉，最后一词是man，名词，故用What)Howexcellentheis!(主谓是heis，把它们去掉，最后一词是excellent，形容词，故用How)Whatexcitingnews!(本句没有主谓，最后一词是news，名词，故用What),考点突破,考点突破,母题训练,()1.(20145广东)Sofar,SuBringtianistheonlyChinesewhofinishedthe100-meterraceinlessthan10seconds._heruns!A.HowslowB.HowfastC.WhataslowD.Whatafast,()5._weatheritis!WecangoboatingontheDongchangLake.A.HowbadB.HowgoodC.WhatgoodD.Whatbad,中考预测,B,C,首页,末页,()2.(2014广东)DoyouknowWangFeng?Hecanremember100groupsofnumbersinfiveminutes.Yes.manheis!A.WhatasmartB.HowsmartC.WhatastupidD.Howstupid,考点突破,母题训练,A,A,中考预测,()6.beautifulflowerstheyare!Letsgototakesomephotos.A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,A,A,中考预测,()3.(2013广东)MoYanwontheNobelPrizeforLiteraturelastyear.excellentheis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan,()7.excitingnews!Weveneverhadsuchalongvacationbefore.A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,A,A,中考预测,()4.(2009广东)terribleweatherwehadlastSunday!A.WhatB.WhataC.SuchD.How,()8.Look!happilythechildrenareplayingoverthere!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa,首页,末页,特殊疑问句是用疑问词引导的疑问句。它不用yes或no来回答，而应该根据实际情况用较为完整的句子作答。常用的特殊疑问词有:who，whom，whose，which，what，when，where，why，how以及how引出的词组howmany，howlong，howoften，howsoon,howfar等。在这里重点讲讲how引出的词组的辨析。,考点突破,考点3.how引出的特殊疑问词组(),首页,末页,辨析：how引出的疑问词组(1)howoften意为“多久一次”，提问频率。表示频率的副词有always(总是),usually(通常),often(常常),sometimes/attimes(有时),seldom(很少、不常),hardly(几乎不),never(决不、从来不)等；短语有onceaday/week/month/year(每天、周、月或年一次)；twiceaday/week/month/year(每天、周、月或年两次)；threetimesaday(每天三次)；与every开头的短语也表示频率，例如everyday/week/month/year(每天、周、月或年)；everyfiveminutes(每五分钟)，everytwohours(每两小时)等。(2)howfar意为“多远”，提问两地之间的距离。表示两地间距离的短语常见的有fivekilometers(五千米),afewmiles(数英里),tenminuteswalk(十分钟的步行路程),threehoursride(三小时的车程)等,考点突破,首页,末页,(3)howlong有两种用法howlong意为“多长时间、多久”，提问一段时间，这是其主要用法。表示一段时间的短语有：“for+一段时间”意为“长达”，如forfourdays(长达四天)；“since+时间点或时间状语从句”意为“自从以来”，如since1968/yesterday/twodaysago(自从1968年/昨天/两天前以来)等。howlong意为“多长”，提问事物的长度。使用时要注意与howfar的区别。howfar强调某两个地点之间的距离，在疑问句中一般会出现两个地点。howlong提问单个事物本身的长短，与距离无关。如：HowlongistheGreatWall?长城有多远？Around6,700kilometerslong.约6,700千米长。Howlongisthesofa?沙发有多长？Itstwometerslong.两米长。,考点突破,首页,末页,(4)howsoon意为“多久以后”，对“in+一段时间”提问，意为“之后(内)”，表示从现在到将来动作发生时为止的一段时间，常与一般将来时态连用。如insomeweeks(数周后)。(5)howmuch有两种用法“多少钱”，对价格或价钱提问，相当于“Whatsthepriceofsth.？”意为“某物多少钱？”。Howmuchisthebike?=Whatsthepriceofthebike?自行车的价格是多少？50.五十美元。“多少”，对不可数名词的数量提问，有时howmuch接的不可数名词可省略。Howmuchbreadwouldyoulike?你要多少面包？Fivekilosofbread.五公斤。,考点突破,首页,末页,(6)howmany“多少”，对复数名词的数量提问，有时howmany接的复数名词可省略。Howmanywatchesdoyouwant?你要几块手表？Twowatches.两块。,考点突破,首页,末页,()1.(2013广东)isitfromthevillagetoyourfarm?About10minuteswalk.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfar,考点突破,母题训练,D,A,中考预测,()3.doyouvisityourgrandparents？Twiceamonth.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowsoonD.Howfar,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,A,B,中考预测,()2.(2010广东)willyoucomeback?Inanhour.A.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howlong,()4.Kate,doyouknowitisfromheretothegym?Abouttwentyminuteswalk.A.howlongB.howfarC.howsoonD.howoften,课堂小测,()1.（2015贵州安顺）Dontbelateforschoolnexttime,_?No,Iwont.A.areyouB.willyouC.doyouD.didyou()2.（2015四川宜宾）Nancy,seeptheclassroom,_?dontyouB.doyouC.willyouD.doesntshe()3.（2015内蒙古呼和浩特）Wehavetofinishtheworknow,_?A.dontweB.haventweC.haveweD.dowe()4.(2015湖北襄阳)ThepassengershipEasternStarcapsized(倾覆)intheYangtzeRiverontheeveningofJune1st._badnews!Canwedosomethingtohelpwiththerescue(救援)?A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How,B,C,A,B,课堂小测,()5.(2015湖北宜昌)Ourteamhaswonthefirstprizeinthesoccergames.Congratulations!teamyouare!HowgreatB.WhatagreatC.WhatgreatD.Howagreat()6.(2015广西玉林)_interestingthebookis!Iwanttobuyone,too.A.HowB.WhatC.HowanD.Whatan()7.(2015辽宁丹东)_excitingthemovieis!Sure,Ihaveseenitthreetimes.A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan()8.(2015辽宁锦州)_excellentnewsreporterheis!Allofusareproudofhim.A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Whata,B,A,C,B,课堂小测,()9.(2015上海)_importantitisforkidstoimaginefreely!WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How()10.(2015云南)_usefulrobot!Itcanhelpwiththehouseworklikeahumanservant.A.HowB.WhatanC.HowaD.Whata()11.(2015贵州安顺)Listen!Someoneisplayingthepiano.Wow!beautifulmusic!Ilikeitverymuch.WhatB.HowaC.WhataD.How()12.(2015山东东营)interestingTVprogram6/RunningManis!Iwatchiteveryweek.A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan,D,D,A,D,课堂小测,()13.(2015江苏连云港)Whatprogrammeissoattractive?Theguardofhonor(仪仗队）ofthePLAaretakingpartintheparadeonRedSquare._excitingevent!A.HowaB.WhatanC.HowanD.Whata()14.(2015山东济宁)Wow!_beautifulthemusicis!Yes.Thatsmyfavorite.WhaB.WhataC.WhatanD.How()15.(2015辽宁营口)Bob,_isitfromyourhometoschool?Itsabouttenminuteswalk.howlongB.howfarC.howoftenD.howsoon()16.(2015江苏扬州)_pocketmoneydoyouusuallygeteverymonth?Fiftyyuan.Whataboutyou?A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.Howmuch,B,D,B,D,课堂小测,()17.(2015江苏淮安)Mr.Smith._isthenewbridge?Oh,letmesee!Itsabout800metres.A.howoldB.howlongC.howmuchD.howoften()18.(2015湖北宜昌)Canyoutellme_youronlineshoppingwillarrive?Inthreedays,Ithink.howlongB.howsoonC.howfarD.howmuch()19.(2015山东泰安)doIneedtofeedthepetdog?Twiceaday.HowlongB.HowmuchC.HowsoonD.Howoften()20.(2015山东临沂)_peopletraveleveryyear?Perhapswhenwearetalkingaboutit.Morethan100planeshavetakenoffaroundtheworld.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howoften,B,B,D,A,英语,首页,末页,()1.Shehardlyplayscomputergameseveryweek,？Yes.Sheisahard-workinggirl.A.doessheB.doesntsheC.didntsheD.wontshe()2.FewyoungpeopleinChinaknowaboutLadyGaga,?.SheisquitefamoushereinChina.A.dothey;NoB.dothey;YesC.dontthey;NoD.dontthey;Yes()3.Idontthinkshewillagreewithus,?A.willsheB.wontsheC.dontyouD.doyou()4.Hehardlygoestoschoolbycar,he?A.doesB.doesntC.isD.isnt,中考模拟演练,A,B,A,A,英语,首页,末页,()5.Idontthinktheycanmakeeverythinggoodenough,?A.doIB.cantheyC.canttheyD.dontI()6.Judysneverbeenlateforschool,she?.Sheisalwaysthefirsttogettoschooleverymorning.A.is;YesB.has;NoC.isnt;YesD.hasnt;No()7.YourfatherneverwatchesthedramaseriesonTV,?.Hethinksthesedramaseriesareboringanddull.A.doeshe;Yes,hedoes.B.doeshe;No,hedoesntC.doesnthe;Yes,hedoes.D.doesnthe;No,hedoesnt.,中考模拟演练,B,B,B,英语,首页,末页,()8.ThesixstudentsfromLianyunganggotthefirstprizeintheChineseCharactersDictationCompetitioninJiangsu.excitingnewsitis!A.WhatB.HowC.WhatanD.Howan()9.deliciousthesebeefnoodlesare!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa()10.interestingthefilmis!Yes.Ihaveseenittwice.A.WhatB.HowC.WhatanD.Howan,中考模拟演练,A,B,B,英语,首页,末页,()11.fantasticdocumentaryitis!Doyoumeanthehotfilm“DiaoyuIslandTheTruth”?A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata()12.rolesheplayedinthemovie!Thatswhyshehasalotoffans.A.HowinterestingB.HowaninterestingC.WhatinterestingD.Whataninteresting()13.braveZhangHuais!Yes.Hehelpedhisneighbour,Mrs.Sunoutofthefire.A.WhataB.HowC.HowaD.What()14.doyougotothesupermarket,Amy?Onceaweek.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowfarD.Howoften,中考模拟演练,D,D,B,D,英语,首页,末页,()15.willthefogandhazelast?Ivenoidea.Thereisnosignofanend.A.HowsoonB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howoften()16.haveyoubeeninChongqing?Forfiveyears.A.HowmanyB.HowsoonC.HowmuchD.Howlong()17.peoplearethereinyourfamily?Three.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.Howmuch()18.willthedinnerbeready?Justaminute.A.HowmuchB.HowlongC.HowsoonD.Howoften,中考模拟演练,C,D,C,C,首页,末页,()19.HehasneverbeentotheUnitedStates,?AisntheBdoesntheChasntheDhashe()20.Theladycouldntsayawordwhenshesawthesnake,?A.couldtheladyB.couldnttheladyC.couldsheD.couldntshe()21.YouhaventbeentoBeijing,haveyou?.HowIwishtogothere!A.Yes,IhaveB.No,IhaveC.No,IhaventD.Yes,Ihavent,D,中考模拟演练,C,C,首页,末页,()22.Letsgoandplayfootball,?Thatswonderful.A.willyouB.doyouC.wontweD.shallwe()23Lucydidntcometoschoolyesterday,didshe?,thoughshewasnotfeelingverywellANo，shedidntBYes，shedidCYes，shedidntDNo，shedid()24.Mom,mygrandfathergoesforawalkaftersuppereveryday,?A.doesheB.isheC.doesntheD.isnthe()25.excitingsportitistogobikeriding!A.WhataB.WhatanC.WhatD.How,D,中考模拟演练,B,C,B,首页,末页,()26.funitistohaveicecreaminhotsummer!A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa()27.greatpi