定语从句考点及难点解析.ppt

,模拟训练动动脑？1.Theexam,_wasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,waschangedtothelibraryatthelastminute.(广州一模)2ThenIwenttothedepartmentstore_Iworkedpart-timeandboughtheranexpensivegiftboxofSichuanbeef.（广州一模）3.Itwasapoemaboutme,_includedthetime（深圳一模）4.Atthesametime,therehadbeenagrowingnumberofoverseasstudents_camebacktoChinaafterstudy.（茂名一模）5.MoreandmoreChinesestudentsgoabroadforstudy,_issupportedbytheChinesegovernment.（茂名一模）,which,where,which,who,which,思考:名从和定从的引导词一样吗？,1.引导定语从句的关系代词没有what,whatever,however对吗？2.That在名词性从句和定语从句中的不同？3.定语从句和同位语从句的不同？4.定从的难点在那里？,1.关系代词和关系副词的选用2.that和which3.对theway和where的考察4.介词+关系代词5.as的运用6.综合考察,考点,难点,常考点和难点归纳,考点一:如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词?,选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点：1.先行词2.关系词在从句中充当的成分,做主语，宾语，定语用,做状语用,关系代词,关系副词,请指出关系代词/副词在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.(),主语宾语定语宾语,5.Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.()6.Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked.()7.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.()8.Weshallneverforgetthedayswhenwelivedtogether.(),定语介宾宾语状语,Iwillneverforgettheday_Ifirstwenttoschool.Iwillneverforgettheday_wespentinBeijing.Thehouse_wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Thehouse_Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,1)Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?2)Theonlything_wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise，_broughtherheartintohermouth.,that,that,that,which,which,考点2：that与which,以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。(something除外）e.g.Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolen.*先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some修饰时也用that.eg:Allthethingsthatcanbedonehasbeendone.2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。e.g.Thisisthebestbook(that)Iveeverread.3.先行词被theonly，thevery，thelast修饰时，用that。e.g.HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttoseenow.4.先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。e.g.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen.5.定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。e.g.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.6.WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJim?.,which的用法,Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。e.g.1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.2.Theweatherturnedouttobegood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.,which,which,Anyone_breaksthelawispunished.Those_breakthelawarepunished.He_breaksthelawispunished.,在anyone,those,he/she/I/they作先行词时,用”who”代替“that”.,补充：that与who的区别,who,who,who,补充：定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。1.Iamnotonewho_afraidofdifficulty2.Dontchooseme,who_notfitforthisjob,is,am,填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.,that/which/不填,that/inwhich/不填,缺状语,缺宾语,考点3：theway用做先行词,1.IvecometothepointwhereIcantstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。,难点：一些特殊词之后的where,解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。,Translation:1.Graguallywecametothepointwherewehavedifferentopinions.2.Heisnowinadifficultsituationwhereheislikelytolosehisjob.3.Theytriedtosetupastateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbetreatedequally.4.IjustwanttogetajobwhereIcanbegreatlyvalued.,Fillingblanks:介词+whom/whiche.g.1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasinglepersonshecouldturnforhelp.2.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,mosthadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.,towhom,ofwhich,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImsure.,考点4：关系代词前介词的确定,3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.,5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.,Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.,Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,1.Doyoulikethebook_shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_shepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebook_shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_sheoftentalks?,onwhich,forwhich,fromwhich,aboutwhich,练习:介词+关系代词的使用,3._isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.,As,which,考点五:asthatwhich1.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanliftit.,as,that,归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成suchas,thesameas,soas,结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。,Theearthisround._isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_isknowntoall._isknowntoall,theearthisround_isknowntoallthattheearthisround.,It,which/as,As,It,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected.,wherethat1.Thisisthelibrary_Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary_Iborrowedthebook.,where,that,综合考查一：定语从句与强调句,难点三.综合考查,近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。,友情提示,综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句,1.Weallhaveheardthenews_ourteamwon.2.Wedontbelievethenews_hetoldusyesterday.,that,that/which,that/which,考察三：非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.Hefailedintheexam._madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,_madehisparentsangry.,4.Hehastwosons.Bothof_areteachers.5.Hehastwosons,bothof_areteachers.,This,which,whom,them,that,1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_isaninterestingbook.,which,考察四(作文)：定语从句可缩略为短语：1、缩略为分词短语例如：Iknowthemen(whoare)sittinginthat.2、缩略为形容词短语例如：WesaidgoodbyetoMrs.Long,(whowas)stillbusyatherchores.3缩略为名词短语,构成同位语例如：YoushouldhaveatalkwithMr.Worth,(whois)theadvisertostudents.4缩略为介词短语例如：Thecompanywantsmenwhohaveexperience.Thecompanywantsmenwithexperience.5、缩略为动词不定式短词例如：Youneedsomeonewhocanlookafterthebaby.Youneedsomeonetolookafterthebaby.,考点与难点归纳,1.关系代词和关系副词的选用2.that和which3.对theway和where的考察4.介词+关系代词5.as的运用6.综合考察,考点,难点,Homework：1.MakesomesentencesusingTheAttributiveClause.2.FindoutthedifferencebetweenTheAttributiveClauseandTheAdverbialClause.,模拟训练：,1.Heissuchalazyman_nobodywantstoworkwith_.A.as;himB.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto_place_shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;asB.thesame;whereC.thesame;thatD.asthesame;as,Correctthesentences:,1.Imusingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.2.Isthatfactorywhichyourfatheronceworkedin?3.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.4.July1,1999isthedaywhenwellneverforget.,_,(去掉),which,_,to,theone,Correctthesentences:,5.IstillremembertheholidaysIstayedwiththem.6.Imgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.7.ThosethathaventbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate.8.Idontlikethewaywhichyoutalkedtoyourfriend.,in,when,_,who,_,(that/which),Correctthesentences:,9.ThisisthelasttimewhenIvegivenyoulessons.10.Soontheycametoafarmhouse,andinfrontofwhichsatasmallboy.11.Weheardthenewswhichourteamwonthegame.12.Thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable.,_,that,_,that,_,why,it,_,13.T