刘淼高二英语第56课时宾语从句讲解课件.ppt

语法专项复习,-宾语从句,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语,宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）,二、宾语从句三要素,连接词,时态,语序,（一）连接词,1.that引导2.whether/if引导3.连接代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.连接副词whenwhywherehow。,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g.Ihear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.Iwanttoknow_.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_.（他是否能来）3.Idontknow_.（是否要下雨）,if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus,whether(if)hecancome,whetheritisgoingtorainornot,当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,陈述句变为引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.,HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.,HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,e.g.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.,Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.,Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgovisittheGreatWall.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.,HeaskedwhereIlived.,Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.,注意：,特别提示：,宾语从句要注意三要素；引导词、语序、时态。1、引导词：that,if/whether,特殊疑问词2、语序：宾语从句要用陈述语序，凡有助动词，情态动词，be动词在从句主语前面都要调到主语后面，若是助动词dodoesdid，要把它们去掉。3、时态:(1)、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。(2)、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou_abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be),willbe,goes,wereplaying,havereturned,hadbeen,travels,aretalking,were,weredoing,10.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do),wrote,moves,hastaken,hasbeen,rises,did,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?,Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.,7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.,Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.,CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?,Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?,TheyaskedwhereTomwas.,（二）语序：陈述句语序,即：陈述句结构（主+谓+其他成分）将下列句子换成陈述句语序1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?,（三）时态(时态一致性）,主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态。主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。Iknowheisateacher.Iknowhewasateacherthreeyearsago.Iknowhehasbeenateacherfor3yearsIknowhewillbeateacheraftergraduation.IknewhewasateacherIknewhehadbeenateacherfor3years.Iknewhewouldbeateacheraftergraduation.,宾语从句专项练习,1时态一致性()1Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake()2Catherinesaidthatshe_toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen()3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey_dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are()4SheaskedLindaif_goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay()5Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled,宾语从句专项练习,2连接词角度()1Canyoutellme_youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that()2Idontknow_theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where()3Ihardlyunderstand._hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who()4Shedidntknow_backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe()5Idontknow_hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when()6Doyouknow_theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow()7Heaskedme_toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose,宾语从句专项练习,3陈述句语序角度()1.Theydontknow_theirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich()2.Pleasetellme_lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked()3.SheaskedmeifIknew_.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit()4.Youmustremember_.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid()5Didyouknow_?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter()6Couldyoutellme_?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing,宾语从句在教材中的地位和作用,（1）宾语从句是中学英语复合句学习的起点，掌握好宾语从句的概念和应用为以后学习状语从句和定语从句以至于高中的名词性从句打好基础。,宾语从句在教材中的地位和作用,（2）宾语从句在教材中复现率较高。在七年级下册已经零星出现，但是并不作为语法点来讲解。在八年级下册4单元，以直接引语转化成间接引语的角度来讲解宾语从句。九年级11单元，在学生已经掌握了状语从句，定语从句的背景下，重新审视宾语从句，并且让学生能把握宾语从句其他从句的不同之处，可以说是对宾语从句的一次综合讲解。在中学教材当中，宾语从句是由点及线再到面，逐步深化。,宾语从句在中