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UNIT 1 Welcome to Insidermedicine In Depth. Im Dr. Susan Sharma. Focusing time and energy on the most personally meaningful aspects of their work may help physicians avoid burnout, according to a survey published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Here are some consequences of physician burnout, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine: Increased risk for substance abuse Damage to personal relationships, and Increased risk for developing inappropriate prescribing patterns Researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester surveyed over 550 physicians in the department of internal medicine at a large academic medical center. The survey included questions about job satisfaction, emotional well-being, and the aspects of the jobs that were the most meaningful. As many as 34% of respondents met the criteria for burnout, including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a low sense of personal accomplishment. The 88% who said they spent at least 20% of their working time on activities they found to be the most meaningful had about half the burnout rate of those who did not. Todays research highlights the need to optimize career fit among physicians in order to reduce burnout rates. For Insidermedicine In Depth, Im Dr. Susan Sharma. UNIT 2 Emerging economies such as China, India and South Africa are discovering there is a downside to prosperity. As incomes rise, health can decline. On Monday, the U.N. opens a high-level meeting on non-communicable diseases that usually have been associated with western nations. In recent years, India and China have seen a growing middle class. But with greater affluence has come a surge in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer. South Africa is on a similar path. The United Nations will debate what can be done about these illnesses. Project HOPE is calling on the U.N. to take strong action not only on treatment but prevention. The health-based NGO has programs in 35 countries on 5 continents, many of them dealing with non-communicable diseases or NCDs. One of them the HOPE Center is located in Johannesburg, South Africa. Stefan Lawson, country director for Project HOPE, welcomes the U.N. meeting. Its the first time that weve had non-communicable diseases put on such a high-level forum. The last time a specific disease was done at this sort of level was for HIV and AIDS. And so, being able to push for non-communicable diseases up at that ministerial level I think will do a lot of good, he said. Whats for dinner? Lawson said a majority of South African men and women are now overweight. One of the results of prosperity is a change in lifestyle, which includes a change in diet. So, we see here in a shift to a more western diet MacDonalds, KFC, fast foods, more processed meat. Things like that that definitely have an impact on a persons lifestyle, he said. Food prices have risen sharply in recent years, dealing a major blow to the poor. This has a direct effect on diet and health. Healthy food fruits and vegetables, etc. now becomes more difficult to purchase for someone who lives in a poor township environment. So, theyre forced to then buy cheaper, less healthy food, he said. Footing the bill As diets change, he said, whether or not by choice, the overall health of a country can decline. That, he says, can place a great burden on budgets. South Africa had a well documented problem with HIV and TB. And that really put a strain on the public health system. And (it) has caused a real strain in just the volume of people that are going into the clinics now. So, if you add on top of that now more people going into the clinics with things like diabetes and hypertension related issues, its just going to increase the burden even more on an already over strained public health system, he said. He added higher health care costs can be a drag on South Africas economic growth. Reaching out The Hope Center project on the outskirts of Johannesburg provides services to those with non-communicable diseases. Its a partnership with the local community, the South African government and donor Eli Lilly Im just gonna make that my coming home ritual. Or, I love you know, historical fiction; Im just gonna carve out fifteen minutes a day to read something that I really really enjoy. I personally, I am not happy if I am not reading a novel that I m really engrossed in. And I just make sure that I have one in my bag at all times. And whenever I have a couple of minutes I just pull it open and it makes me happy. And it relieves the stress. And I think that everybody has something special like that that they love. JENNIFER: I mean its nice to think of it in small increments because I think we get overwhelmed looking at the whole picture when there are just small things that you can do throughout the day. TRISHA: Absolutely. JENNIFER: So what about exercise? Is that is there similar things? TRISHA: Walking is one of the best exercises and you can do it anywhere, and its easy to do. And it does you dont have to be a super athlete to be able to do it. Ten minutes, just take ten minutes. JENNIFER: How many calories do you burn in ten minutes? TRISHA: A hundred forty-five pound woman, if she is walking briskly, about a hundred. JENNIFER: Amazing. TRISHA: Yeah, so you really, you got to kick it up a little bit to burn that many but brisk walking is great for your heart. Even slow walking is good for you, its good for your health; its good for your weight control. You know, obviously the more you can walk; take the stairs instead of the elevator. Uh Walk to appointments, get off, y