高三二轮状语从句课件.ppt

状语从句,AdverbialClauses,Whatare“AdverbialClauses”?,在主从复合句中修饰主语中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫做“状语从句”。分类如下：,状语从句,1.时间状语从句,2.地点状语从句,3.原因状语从句,4.条件状语从句,5.让步状语从句,6.目的状语从句,7.结果状语从句,8.方式状语从句,9.比较状语从句,1)常用连词如下：as,when,while,till/until,notuntil,before,since,after等。,1.时间状语从句,e.g.IwontknowwhereheisuntilIgetaletterfromhim.Till只能用于肯定句中，until既可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句。,Its/willbe+一段时间before+一般现在时表示过了多久才Its/will（not)be+一段时间before+一般现在时表示没过多久就itsbeen+一段时间since+一般过去时,Itwillbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.Ithasbeen20yearssincewefirstsaweachother.,2)一些表示时间的名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。如：themoment,theminute,（一就）nexttime（下次）,every/eachtime（每次）。e.g.Themomenthecomes,Iwilltellhim.,3)assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly等副词也可引导状语从句。表示“一就”。AssoonasIreachhome,Iwilltellhimthenews.,4)a.hardly/scarcelywhenb.nosoonerthan注意：当hardly,scarcely及nosooner位于句首时,从句中的主谓要倒装。e.g.Nosoonerhadshegonethanithappened,2.地点状语从句,地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever(在任何地方)引导。,e.g.a.Juststaywhereyouare.b.Whereveryougo,Illberightherewaitingforyou.,3.原因状语从句,原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句常用的连接词是：because,since,as,for,nowthat及considering等。,e.g.Hedidntcometoschoolbecausehewasill.,c.f.Hemightbeill,forhedidntcometoschool.,表示“直接”原因。,表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。,1.because,for,since,as的区别because语气强,表示客观必然原因：例如:Heisabsent,becauseheisill.因为生病，所以他没来。比较:Heisabsent,forheisbusy.（“生病”是“缺席”的必然原因，“忙”不是必然原因。）for语气轻,表示非客观必然的原因,是主观可改变结果的原因,甚至是猜测可能的原因:Hemustbeill,forheisabsent.“缺席”不一定是“生病”，只是交流猜测。for不能放句首,它是并列连词.since,as都是不讲自明的原因,是已知的原因.SinceIamaboy,letmecarrythecase.Asyoudontfeelwell,youhadbetterstayathome.,4.条件状语从句,条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。,条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),onconditionthat(条件是),incase(假使),providing/provided(that),supposing（that）（假若，倘使），等。,e.g.a.WellcomeovertoseeyouonSaturdayifwehavetime.b.Weshouldservethepeopleas/solongaswelive.,5.让步状语从句,在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。通常由下列词语引导：though,although,evenif,eventhough,while,nomatterwho/,however，as等。,让步状语从句可以位于主句前、后，有时插在主句中间。,Though/althoughThough/Althoughhewasold,heworkedhard.=Hewasoldbutheworkedhard.,注意一个典型的中国错误：though/although切不可与but连用。,as,谓语动词的倒装：Tryashewould,hecouldnotrememberawordofit.Tryashemight,hedidntpasstheexam.Hatehimaswemay,wemustadmithisgreatness.Searchastheywould,theycouldfindnothingintheroom.Tryasyoumay,youwillneversucceed.,状语的倒装：（这时不可在状语之前加very,much等修饰语）MuchasIadmirehimasawriter,Idonotlikehimasaman.Muchashelikesthebike,hedoesntwanttobuyit.HardasIstudied,Icouldnotcatchupwiththem.,表语的倒装：（这时不可在状语之前加very,much等修饰语）Childasheis,heknowsalot.,while,while引导的让步状语从句：while(=although),它引导的让步状语从句只能前置，位于句首，如：Whileyoumayberight,Icantaltogetheragree.WhileIadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idontagreethattheycannotbesolved.,whetheror,whetheror引导的让步状语从句：这种从句也称“选择条件-让步状语从句”，可位于主句之前或之后，如：Whetherhedrivesor(whetherhe)flies,hewillbehereontime.Weholdthatallcountries,(whethertheyare)bigorsmall,(whethertheyare)richorpoor,shouldbeequal.Whetheritrainsorsnows,Iwillgotonight.Whetheryoulikeitornot,youllhavetodoit.Whetherornotitrains,Imgivingapartytomorrow.Shehadtogo,whetherornotshewantedit.,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever,由连接代词whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever引导的让步状语从句：Whoever(=nomatterwho)isunwillingtogo,Iwillgo.(whoever既相当于连接词短语nomatter连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问代词who)Whomever(=nomatterwhom)youaredealingwith,thismethodisnogood.Whatever(=nomatterwhat)happens,keepcalm.Whateverothersmaysay,youarecertainlyright.Whichever(=nomatterwhich)youchoose,wehavenoobjection.,whatever或whichever,由连接形容词whatever或whichever引导的让步状语从句，如：Whatever(=nomatterwhat)difficultiesmayarise,wemustandcanovercomethemonebyone.(whatever既相当于nomatter连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问形容词what修饰名词difficulties。)Whichever(=nomatterwhich)roomisassignedtohim,hewillhavenoobjection.Whichevermethodyouuse,theresultismuchthesame.,however,wherever或whenever,由连接副词however,wherever或whenever引导的让步状语从句。例如：However(=nomatterhow)difficultthetaskmaybe,wewillfulfillitontime.(however既相当于nomatter连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问副词how修饰difficult。)Wherever(=nomatterwhere)theywent,theywerewarmlywelcomed.WheneverImunhappy,hecheersmeup.ThedogfollowsmewhereverIgo.,eventhough和thougheventhough(=evenif)引导的从句指把握不大或假设的事情，意为“即使”、“纵然”；Mostofusignorethefoodadvice,evenif/eventhoughweknowittobetrue.,6.目的状语从句,引导目的状语从句的连词:,inorderthat,用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。,sothat,从句中要有情态动词,forfearthat;incase;lest(以免)等。,e.g.a.Wellsitnearerthefrontsothatwecanhearbetter.b.IshallwriteitdownlestIshouldforget.,注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用soastodo或inordertodo,e.g.Heranfastsothathemightarrivetherebeforetenoclock.,Heranfastsoastoarrivetherebeforetenoclock.,7.结果状语从句,结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由sothat,suchthat;sothat等引导。,e.g.a.SoquicklydidherunthatIcouldntcatchupwithhim.b.Thebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome.c.Hegottothestationfinally,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.,8.方式状语从句,描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导：as,justas,asif/asthough等。,e.g.a.WemustdoasthePartytellsus.b.Leavethethingsastheyare.c.Mostplantsneedsunli