英语演讲：Remarks at the Brandenburg Gate.doc

演讲稿 英语演讲：remarks at the brandenburg gate thankyou.thankyou,verymuch.chancellorkohl,governingmayordiepgen,ladiesandgentlemen:twentyfouryearsago,presidentjohnf.kennedyvisitedberlin,andspeakingtothepeopleofthiscityandtheworldatthecityhall.wellsincethentwootherpresidentshavee,eachinhisturntoberlin.andtoday,i,myself,makemysecondvisittoyourcity.weetoberlin,weamericanpresidents,becauseitsourdutytospeakinthisplaceoffreedom.butimustconfess,weredrawnherebyotherthingsaswell;bythefeelingofhistoryinthiscity-morethan500yearsolderthanourownnation;bythebeautyofthegrunewaldandtheteirgarten;mostofall,byyourcourageanddetermination.perhapstheposer,paullinke,understoodsomethingaboutamericanpresidents.yousee,likesomanypresidentsbeforeme,ieheretodaybecausewhereverigo,whateverido:“ichhabnocheinenhofferinberlin”istillhaveasuitcaseinberlin.ourgatheringtodayisbeingbroadcastthroughoutwesterneuropeandnorthamerica.iunderstandthatitisbeingseenandheardaswellintheeast.tothoselisteningthroughouteasterneurope,iextendmywarmestgreetingsandthegoodwilloftheamericanpeople.tothoselisteningineastberlin,aspecialword:althoughicannotbewithyou,iaddressmyremarkstoyoujustassurelyastothosestandingherebeforeme.forijoinyou,asijoinyourfellowcountrymeninthewest,inthisfirm,thisunalterablebelief:esgibtnureinberlin.thereisonlyoneberlin.behindmestandsawallthatencirclesthefreesectorsofthiscity,partofavastsystemofbarriersthatdividestheentirecontinentofeurope.fromthebalticsouth.thosebarrierscutacrossgermanyinagashofbarbedwire,concrete,dogruns,andguardtowers.farthersouth,theremaybenovisible,noobviouswall.butthereremainarmedguardsandcheckpointsallthesame-stillarestrictionontherighttotravel,stillaninstrumenttoimposeuponordinarymenandwomenthewillofatotalitarianstate.yet,itishereinberlinwherethewallemergesmostclearly;here,cuttingacrossyourcity,wherethenewsphotoandthetelevisionscreenhaveimprintedthisbrutaldivisionofacontinentuponthemindoftheworld.standingbeforethebrandenburggate,everymanisagermanseparatedfromhisfellowmen.everymanisaberliner,forcedtolookuponascar.presidentvonweizsackerhassaid,thegermanquestionisopenaslongasthebrandenburggateisclosed.welltoday-todayisay:aslongasthegateisclosed,aslongasthisscarofawallispermittedtostand,itisnotthegermanquestionalonethatremainsopen,butthequestionoffreedomforallmankind.yet,idonoteheretolament.forifindinberlinamessageofhope,evenintheshadowofthiswall,amessageoftriumph.inthisseasonofspringin1945,thepeopleofberlinemergedfromtheirair-raidshelterstofinddevastation.thousandsofmilesaway,thepeopleoftheunitedstatesreachedouttohelp.andin1947secretaryofstate-asyouvebeentold-georgemarshallannouncedthecreationofwhatwouldbeeknownasthemarshallplan.speakingprecisely40yearsagothismonth,hesaid:ourpolicyisdirectednotagainstanycountryordoctrine,butagainsthunger,poverty,desperation,andchaos.inthereichstagafewmomentsago,isawadisplaymemoratingthis40thanniversaryofthemarshallplan.iwasstruckbythesignonaburnt-out,guttedstructurethatwasbeingrebuilt.iunderstandthatberlinersofmyowngenerationcanrememberseeingsignslikeitdottedthroughoutthewesternsectorsofthecity.thesignreadsimply:themarshallplanishelpingheretostrengthenthefreeworld.astrong,freeworldinthewest,thatdreambecamereal.japanrosefromruintobeeaneconomicgiant.italy,france,belgium-virtuallyeverynationinwesterneuropesawpoliticalandeconomicrebirth;theeuropeancommunitywasfounded.inwestgermanyandhereinberlin,theretookplaceaneconomicmiracle,thewirtschaftswunder.adenauer,erhard,reuter,andotherleadersunderstoodthepracticalimportanceofliberty-thatjustastruthcanflourishonlywhenthejournalistisgivenfreedomofspeech,soprosperitycaneaboutonlywhenthefarmerandbusinessmanenjoyeconomicfreedom.thegermanleaders-thegermanleadersreducedtariffs,expandedfreetrade,loweredtaxes.from1950to1960alone,thestandardoflivinginwestgermanyandberlindoubled.wherefourdecadesagotherewasrubble,todayinwestberlinthereisthegreatestindustrialoutputofanycityingermany-busyofficeblocks,finehomesandapartments,proudavenues,andthespreadinglawnsofparkland.whereacityscultureseemedtohavebeendestroyed,todaytherearetwogreatuniversities,orchestrasandanopera,countlesstheaters,andmuseums.wheretherewaswant,todaytheresabundance-food,clothing,automobiles-thewonderfulgoodsofthekudamm.fromdevastation,fromutterruin,youberlinershave,infreedom,rebuiltacitythatonceagainranksasoneofthegreatestonearth.thesovietsmayhavehadotherplans.butmyfriends,therewereafewthingsthesovietsdidntcounton-berlinerherz,berlinerhumor,ja,undberlinerschnauze.berlinerheart,berlinerhumor,yes,andaberlinerschnauze.*inthe1950s-inthe1950skhrushchevpredicted:wewillburyyou.butinthewesttoday,weseeafreeworldthathasachievedalevelofprosperityandwell-beingunprecedentedinallhumanhistory.inthecommunistworld,weseefailure,technologicalbackwardness,decliningstandardsofhealth,*evenwantofthemostbasickind-toolittlefood.eventoday,thesovietunionstillcannotfeeditself.afterthesefourdecades,then,therestandsbeforetheentireworldonegreatandinescapableconclusion:freedomleadstoprosperity.freedomreplacestheancienthatredsamongthenationswithityandpeace.freedomisthevictor.*andnow-nowthesovietsthemselvesmay,inalimitedway,beingtounderstandtheimportanceoffreedom.wehearmuchfrommoscowaboutanewpolicyofreformandopenness.somepoliticalprisonershavebeenreleased.certainforeignnewsbroadcastsarenolongerbeingjammed.someeconomicenterpriseshavebeenpermittedtooperatewithgreaterfreedomfromstatecontrol.*arethesethebeginningsofprofoundchangesinthesovietstate?oraretheytokengestures,intendedtoraisefalsehopesinthewest,*ortostrengthenthesovietsystemwithoutchangingit?wewelechangeandopenness;forwebelievethatfreedomandsecuritygotogether,thattheadvanceofhumanliberty-theadvanceofhumanlibertycanonlystrengthenthecauseofworldpeace.thereisonesignthesovietscanmakethatwouldbeunmistakable,thatwouldadvancedramaticallythecauseoffreedomandpeace.generalsecretarygorbachev,ifyouseekpeace,ifyouseekprosperityforthesovietunionandeasterneurope,ifyouseekliberalization:comeheretothisgate.mr.gorbachev,openthisgate.mr.gorbachev-mr.gorbachev,teardownthiswall!iunderstandthefearofwarandthepainofdivisionthatafflictthiscontinent,andipledgetoyoumycountryseffortstohelpoveretheseburdens.tobesure,weinthewestmustresistsovietexpansion.so,wemustmaintaindefensesofunassailablestrength.yetweseekpeace;sowemuststrivetoreducearmsonbothsides.beginning10yearsago,thesovietschallengedthewesternalliancewithagravenewthreat,hundredsofnewandmoredeadlyss-20nuclearmissilescapableofstrikingeverycapitalineurope.thewesternalliancerespondedbymittingitselftoacounter-deployment(unlessthesovietsagreedtonegotiateabettersolution)-namely,theeliminationofsuchweapon（sonbothsides.formanymonths,thesovietsrefusedtobargaininearnestness.asthealliance,inturn,preparedtogoforwardwithitscounter-deployment,thereweredifficultdays,daysofprotestslikethoseduringmy1982visittothiscity;andthesovietslaterwalkedawayfromthetable.butthroughitall,theallianceheldfirm.andiinvitethosewhoprotestedthen-iinvitethosewhoprotesttoday-tomarkthisfact:becauseweremainedstrong,thesovietscamebacktothetable.becauseweremainedstrong,todaywehavewithinreachthepossibility,notmerelyoflimitingthegrowthofarms,butofeliminating,forthefirsttime,anentireclassofnuclearweaponsfromthefaceoftheearth.asispeak,natoministersaremeetinginicelandtoreviewtheprogressofourproposalsforeliminatingtheseweapons.atthetalksingeneva,wehavealsoproposeddeepcutsinstrategicoffensiveweapons.andthewesternallieshavelikewisemadefar-reachingproposalstoreducethedangerofconventionalwarandtoplaceatotalbanonchemicalweapons.whilewepursuethesearmsreductions,ipledgetoyouthatwewillmaintainthecapacitytodetersovietaggressionatanylevelatwhichitmightoccur.andincooperationwithmanyofourallies,theunitedstatesispursuingthestrategicdefenseinitiative-researchtobasedeterrencenotonthethreatofoffensiveretaliation,butondefensesthattrulydefend;onsystems,inshort,thatwillnottargetpopulations,butshieldthem.bythesemeansweseektoincreasethesafetyofeuropeandalltheworld.butwemustrememberacrucialfact:eastandwestdonotmistrusteachotherbecausewearearmed;wearearmedbecausewemistrusteachother.andourdifferencesarenotaboutweaponsbutaboutliberty.whenpresidentkennedyspokeatthecityhallthose24yearsago,freedomwasencircled;berlinwasundersiege.andtoday,despiteallthepressuresuponthiscity,berlinstandssecureinitsliberty.andfreedomitselfistransformingtheglobe.inthephilippines,insouthandcentralamerica,democracyhasbeengivenarebirth.throughoutthepacific,freemarketsareworkingmiracleaftermiracleofeconomicgrowth.intheindustrializednations,atechnologicalrevolutionistakingplace,arevolutionmarkedbyrapid,dramaticadvancesinputersandtelemunications.ineurope,onlyonenationandthoseitcontrolsrefusetojointhemunityoffreedom.yetinthisageofredoubledeconomicgrowth,ofinformationandinnovation,thesovietunionfacesachoice:itmustmakefundamentalchanges,oritwillbeeobsolete.todaythusrepresentsamomentofhope.weintheweststandreadytocooperatewiththeeasttopromotetrueopenness,tobreakdownbarriersthatseparatepeople,tocreateasafer,freerworld.andsurelythereisnobetterplacethanberlin,themeetingplaceofeastandwest,tomakeastart.freepeopleofberlin:today,asinthepast,theunitedstatesstandsforthestrictobservanceandfullimplementationofallpartsofthefourpoweragreementof1971.letususethisoccasion,the750thanniversaryofthiscity,tousherinanewera,toseekastillfuller,richerlifefortheberlinofthefuture.together,letusmaintainanddevelopthetiesbetweenthefederalrepublicandthewesternsectorsofberlin,whichispermittedbythe1971agreement.andiinvitemr.gorbachev:letusworktobringtheeasternandwesternpartsofthecityclosertogether,sothatalltheinhabitantsofallberlincanenjoythebenefitsthatewithlifeinoneofthegreatcitiesoftheworld.toopenberlinstillfurthertoalleurope,eastandwest,letusexpandthevitalairaccesstothiscity,findingwaysofmakingmercialairservicetoberlinmoreconvenient,morefortable,andmoreeconomical.welooktothedaywhenwestberlincanbeeoneofthechiefaviationhubsinallcentraleurope.with-withourfrenchandbritishpartners,theunitedstatesispreparedtohelpbringinternationalmeetingstoberlin.itwouldbeonlyfittingforberlintoserveasthesiteofunitednationsmeetings,orworldconferencesonhumanrightsandarmscontrolorotherissuesthatcallforinternationalcooperation.thereisnobetterwaytoestablishhopeforthefuturethantoenlightenyoungminds,andwewouldbehonoredtosponsorsummeryouthexchanges,culturalevents,andotherprogramsforyoungberlinersfromtheeast.ourfrenchandbritishfriends,imcertain,willdothesame.anditsmyhopethatanauthoritycanbefoundineastberlintosponsorvisitsfromyoungpeopleofthewesternsectors.onefinalproposal,oneclosetomyheart:sportrepresentsasourceofenjoymentandennoblement,andyoumayhavenotedthattherepublicofkorea-southkorea-hasofferedtopermitcertaineventsofthe1988olympicstotakeplaceinthenorth.internationalsportspetitionsofallkindscouldtakeplaceinbothpartsofthiscity.andwhatbetterwaytodemonstratetotheworldtheopennessofthiscitythantoofferinsomefutureyeartoholdtheolympicgameshereinberlin,eastandwest.inthesefourdecades,asihavesaid,youberlinershavebuiltagreatcity.youvedonesoinspiteofthreats-thesovietattemptstoimposetheeast-mark,theblockade.todaythecitythrivesinspiteofthechallengesimplicitintheverypresenceofthiswall.whatkeepsyouhere?certainlytheresagreatdealtobesaidforyourfortitude,foryourdefiantcourage.butibelievetheressomethingdeeper,somethingthatinvolvesberlinswholelookandfeelandwayoflife-notmeresentiment.noonecouldlivelonginberlinwithoutbeingpletelydisabusedofillusions.something,instead,thathasseenthedifficultiesoflifeinberlinbutchosetoacceptthem,thatcontinuestobuildthisgoodandproudcityincontrasttoasurroundingtotalitarianpresence,thatrefusestoreleasehumanenergiesoraspirations,somethingthatspeakswithapowerfulvoiceofaffirmation,thatsaysyestothiscity,yestothefuture,yestofreedom.inaword,iwouldsubmitthatwhatkeepsyouinberlinislove.lovebothprofoundandabiding.perhapsthisgetstotherootofthematter,tothemostfundamentaldistinctionofallbetweeneast