英语口语关于意群和停顿的课件.ppt

Pausing&sensegroup,byL.D,停顿，意群与气群,Pausing:为了使意思表达得更清楚或者是换气的需要，人们在说话或朗读时经常需要停顿。（句子之间的停顿较长，意群之间停顿较短，往往由逗号、分号、冒号等分开。）Whenwintercomes,itgetscolderandcolder,andthedaysgetshorterandshorter.,意群（sensegroup)：一个句子可以按照意义和语法结构分成几个部分，每一个部分称为一个意群。意群可以用“l”符号表示。意群是根据语义、语法和语调来划分的。从语义和语法上讲，意群必须是表达某种意义的一个（组）词、一个短语、一个分句、一个主句或者从句。从语调上说，意群必须是可以用降调、声调或平调来朗读的一个语调单位。,Before1949,IusedtoliveinHongKongandworkedasateacher.,三个意义单位，三个语法单位，三个语调单位。,气群：凡是一口气能说完或者读完的一个句子或句子一大部分的称为一个气群。一个气群一般包括若干个意群，说话或者朗读时气长的人可念完一个很长的句子而不停顿，但最短的气群不得少于一个意群。气群用”ll”表示。,BothmybrotherandIlarefondoftennis.llWhichisbigger,anelephantoratiger?Hereadagreatdeal,andmadefullnoteswhileheread.Ifyouhadthechoiceofalltheplacesintheworld,wherewouldyouchoosetospendourweddinganniversary?,IhavebecomemostawareofmylackofapropereducationwheneverIhavehadthechancetoputittothetest.Myrosesareyellow,asyellowasthehairofthemermaiden,andyellowerthanthedaffodilthatbloomsinthemeadow.,Allnightlongyoumustsingtome,andthethornmustpierceyourheart,andyourlife-bloodmustflowintomyveinsandbecomemine.Andwhenthemoonshoneintheheaven,theNightingaleflewtotheRose-tree,andsetherbreastagainstthethorn.Allnightlongshesangwithherbreastagainstthethorn,andthecoldcrystalmoonleaneddownandlisten.Allnightlongshesang,andthethornwentdeeperintoherbreastandherlife-bloodebbedawayfromher.,节奏：英语每一句话中出现的一系列音节都有轻重、长短、快慢等有规律的交替现象。这种现象被称为节奏。实词（名词、形容词、数词、动词、副词）重读，虚词（冠词、介词、连词、助动词）不重读。因此分析重读和弱读非常必要。重读音节出现的间隔时有规律的。每隔一段就会有一个重音。Janethasgonetoschool.每个重音有一拍。每拍之间的间隔是一样的，而在两拍之间必须把非重读音节读完。Mywifeiswaitingformeatthecornerofthestreet.,AbookAgoodbookAverygoodbookAverygoodtext-bookAverygoodschooltext-bookThisisaverygoodschooltextbook.,Exercise,AcupAnemptycupAnemptycupandsaucerAnemptycupandabrokensaucerTwoemptycupsandabrokensaucerThreearetwoemptycupsandabrokensaucer.,AclockMyfriendsclockThehandsofmyfriendsclockThemetalhandsofmyfriendsclockThetwobrokenmetalhandsofmyfriendsclock,1.Theyliveinthatlargehouse/ontheotherside/ofthebridge./2.Inthemorning/theboygoestoschoolearly./Sometimes/hewaslate,/becausehismotherwasinpoorhealth./3.Itisveryimportantforus/totakepartinmanuallabor/fromtimetotime./4.Doyourememberallthoseyears/whenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillus/butthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidntknowforsure.5.However,whetheritcomesfromthecommonancestor/thatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,/is,/asyet,/anunansweredquestion./6.Whatishardertoestablish/iswhethertheproductivityrevolution/thatbusinessmenassumetheyarepresidingover/isforreal./,7.Shesellsseashells/bytheseashore./Theshellsshesells/aresurelyseashells./So/ifshesellsshells/ontheseashore,Imsure/shesellsseashoreshells.8.Icannotbeartoseeabear/beardownuponahare./Whenbareofhair/hestripsthehare,/rightthere/Icry,/Forbear!/9.Howmuchwood/wouldawoodchuckchuck/ifawoodchuck/couldchuckwood？Awoodchuck/wouldchuckallthewood/awoodchuckcouldchuck/ifawoodchuckcouldchuckwood./Howmanycookies/could/agoodcook/cook？Ifagoodcook/couldcookcookies,agoodcook/couldcook/asmuchcookies/asagoodcook/whocouldcookcookies./,11.Asnow-whiteswan/swamswiftly/tocatchaslowly-swimmingsnake/inalake./12.Once/twohunterswenthunting/intheforest.Oneofthem/suddenlyfelldown/byaccident.Heshowedthewhitesofhiseyes/andseemedtohaveceasedbreathing.Theotherhunter/soontookouthismobilephone/tocalltheemergencycenter/forhelp./Theoper