奥迪颜色控制.ppt

12/6/2019,1,1.Basicsofcolorimetry2.Auditolerancing3.Productioncontrol4.Colorcareconcept,1.Basicsofcolorimetry(色度学基础)2.Auditolerancing（奥迪允许值）3.Productioncontrol（生产控制）4.Colorcareconcept(颜色管理概念),12/6/2019,2,Basicsofcolorimetry,12/6/2019,3,Whatiscolor?,12/6/2019,4,Eventhehumaneyecommitsmistakes,Opticalillusions,12/6/2019,5,Eventhehumaneyecommitsmistakes,Theeyeenlargescolordifferences,evenwhentheyarenotexisting,12/6/2019,6,Whatislight?,Electromagneticwavesintherangebetween400-700nm,12/6/2019,7,Whathappensinthepaint?,Daylight,Sample,12/6/2019,8,Whathappemsinthehumaneye?,Greyreceiver,12/6/2019,9,Whathappensinthehumanbrain?,2normalobserver1931,45cm,12/6/2019,10,Additivecolormixing,Red+Green+Blue=White,Subtractivecolormixing,Red+Green+Blue=Black,12/6/2019,11,Howtomeasurecolor?,Physicalpart,Physiologicalpart,Spectrophotometer,Tablesfornormalobserverandspectralfunctions,12/6/2019,12,Whatistheprinicipleofacolorspectrophotometer?,Int.,Sample,12/6/2019,13,Theprincipleofthetwoways,IndependenceofthebulbVariationsofthebulbwillbecompensated,Wemeasurerelativespectralreflection,12/6/2019,14,Whyisthereaneedforcalibration,Thecalibrationisneededtocreateauniformscaleforthereflection,12/6/2019,15,CIEColorvaluesXYZ,Illumination*Spectralreflection*Spectralfunctions=Colorvalues,X,Y,Z,=,=,=,Tablesstoredinthecomputer,Measuredbyspectrophotometer,Tablesstoredinthecomputer,12/6/2019,16,ColorvaluesXYZandxy,12/6/2019,17,CIEL*a*b*System,12/6/2019,18,CIEL*C*H*,red,yellow,+b*,-b*,+a*,-a*,green,blue,B,P,D,C*,D,H*,12/6/2019,19,WhyL*C*H*insteadL*a*b*?,red,yellow,+b*,+a*,Reference,Sample,bSamplebReference,blue?,aSampleHReference,yellow?,Whichisthecorrectanswer?,12/6/2019,20,WhyL*C*H*insteadL*a*b*?,red,yellow,+b*,-b*,+a*,-a*,green,blue,Sample,Reference,bSamplebReference,blue,aSampleaReference,green?,HSampleHReference,red?,Whichisthecorrectanswer?,12/6/2019,21,CIEL*a*b*orCIEL*C*h*?,NonbrilliantcolorsC10,red,yellow,+b*,-b*,+a*,-a*,green,blue,B,P,D,C*,D,H*,JudgementaccordingDL*,Da*,Db*,JudgementaccordingDL*,DC*,DH*,12/6/2019,22,Diiferencesolid,metallicandpearlescentcolors,+b*,yellow,+L,Lightness,*,solid,metallic,pearlescent,-b*,blue,+,a,*,-,a,*,green,red,12/6/2019,23,Geometries,25,45,75,110,12/6/2019,24,Geometries,Observationangle+illuminationangle=geometrie,45+-20=25,25+0=25,75+-50=25,12/6/2019,25,X-Ritespectrophotometer,MA583Geometries25,45,75,MA604Geometries15,25,45,75,MA685Geometries15,25,45,75,110,12/6/2019,26,ProblemsoftheCIEL*a*b*System,NocorrelationvisualimpressionandmeasuredcolordifferencesacceptancevaluesdifferfromcolortocolorangulardependencyoftheacceptancevaluesToosimpleformetallicandpearlescantcolors!,12/6/2019,27,InterinstrumentagreementofdifferentX-Ritespectrophotometers,Auditolerancing,12/6/2019,29,Introductionofweightingfactors,NonchromaticcolorsC10,C,12/6/2019,30,Determinationoftheweighingfactors,VisuallytestingthebatchpanelsofthelastyearsbydifferentpersonsandmeasuringthesepanelsVisuallytestingtheproductionofthemasterpanelsandmeasuringthesepanels,red,yellow,green,(alwaysaccepted),(alwaysrejected),(sometimesaccepted/sometimesrejected,visually,colorimetrically,zone,12/6/2019,31,Tolerancefactors,Red,ScL45,Sca45,Scb45,ScC45,ScH45,0.4,1.4,0.4,Green,0.4,0.8,0.4,Blue,0.4,0.6,0.4,Black,0.3,0.3,0.3,White,0.3,0.3,0.3,12/6/2019,32,Auditolerancessolidcolors,12/6/2019,33,Auditolerances,Whatdoyoudowithnewcolors?,L*,ScL,L*ofthenewcolor,12/6/2019,34,AudiTolerances,12/6/2019,35,AudiTolerances,ThefactorsfromthefunctionsareonlyvalidforthefirstevalutionofnewcolorsTheyhaveprobablytoberevisedormodifiedafterthefirstbatches.,AudidoesnotpublishtheformulabutpublishthefactorsScforeachcolor,12/6/2019,36,AudiTolerances,arecalculatedwiththeofficialspecifications,dLdadbdCdHarecalculatedwiththefactorsderivedfromtheformulas,12/6/2019,37,Differencebetweenbatchapprovalandproductionline,Theproductionlineweightingfactorshavetobeenlargedduetobiggerapplicationvariations,SpL=PFL*ScL,Spa=PFa*Sca,Spb=PFb*Scb,SpL=PFL*ScL,SpC=PFC*ScC,SpH=PFH*ScH,Nonchromaticcolors,Chromaticcolors,TheProductionfactorshavetobedeterminedforeachpaintshop,Audihasthesameproductionfactorsforallpaintshops,PFL=2.0,PFa=1.2,PFb=1.2,PFL=2.0,PFC=1.8,PFH=1.2,12/6/2019,38,Acceptancesofpaintbatchesorcars,Abatchwillbeaccepted,if,1.7,Acarbodywillbeaccepted,if,1.7,!CalculatedusingthebatchspecificationsSc!,!CalculatedusingtheproductionspecificationsSp!,Productioncontrol,12/6/2019,40,B105,B101,B102,B103,B104,B100,B106,Batchnumber,SilvermetallicConstancyofbatchpanels,12/6/2019,41,SilvermetallicLongtermstability03/1998-03/1999,Frontdoorleft,Frontdoorright,Hood,Backdoorleft,Backdoorright,12/6/2019,42,GreenmetallicConstancyofthebatchpanels,B101,B102,B103,B100,Batchnumber,B104,12/6/2019,43,GreenmetallicLongtermstability03/1998-03/1999,Frontdoorleft,Frontdoorright,Hood,Backdoorleft,Backdoorright,12/6/2019,44,SilvermetallicBumperAugust1998-Juni1999,Leftear,Rightear,12/6/2019,45,SilvermetallicAugust1998-Juni1999Rightear,B100,B102,B104,B101,B103,B105,B106,B107,12/6/2019,46,SilvermetallicAugust1998-Juni1999Averageoverallthebumperspaintedwithonebatch,B100,B101,B102,B104,B105,B100,B107,B102,B106,B104,B105,Frontbumper,Backbumper,12/6/2019,47,SilvermetallicBatch103,Frontbumperrightear,Frontbumperleftear,Backbumperrightear,Backbumperleftear,12/6/2019,48,SilvermetallicDependencyoftheskidposition,Skidposition1,Skidposition2,12/6/2019,49,Goldmetallic,CarbodyA,CarbodyB,12/6/2019,50,Colorharmony,Frontbumper,Backbumper,Carbody,12/6/2019,51,Plasticpart,Carbody,Colorharmony,12/6/2019,52,ModelA,ModelC,ModelB,ModelD,SilvermetallicDifferentpaintshops,12/6/2019,53,SilvermetallicDifferentpaintshops,ModelC,ModelB,ModelD,ModelA,12/6/2019,54,ColorCare,12/6/2019,55,WhatisthecolorofYourcar?,12/6/2019,56,ColorsonYourcar,12/6/2019,57,ColorsonYourcar,12/6/2019,58,Automotiveassemblyofthefuture:,Shapeintegratedadd-onpartsofdifferentsubstrates,12/6/2019,59,Originofcolordifferencesbetweencarbodiesandadd-onparts,Colorstandard,12/6/2019,60,Originofcolordifferencesbetweencarbodiesandadd-onpartsincomplexenviroments,Colorstandard,Add-onpartssupplierB,Add-onpartssupplierA,12/6/2019,61,Customerstatementsanddemands,Colormatchingisnotsufficientforthetodaysautomotiveassembly,Whoisabletohelpusinachievingasufficientcolormatch?Whatconceptionscoatingssupplierdohave?,Colorbecomesmoreandmoreaqualityitem,12/6/2019,62,StrategyofAudiAGtoimprovecolormatching,AcceptanceDeterminationInformationofthecolordifferencebetweencolorstandardandpaintedcarodies,Carpartsneighboringadd-onparts,Add-onpartssupplierA,Batchpanels,12/6/2019,63,ColorControlling/Masterbatchconception,Colorstandard,Add-onpartssupplierB,Add-onpartssupplierA,12/6/2019,64,ColorControlling/Masterbatchconception,Colorstandard,12/6/2019,65,Colorstandard,ColorControlling/Masterbatchconception,12/6/2019,66,Colorstandard,ColorControlling/Masterbatchconception,12/6/2019,67,Colorstandard,ColorControlling/Masterbatchconception,12/6/2019,68,NecessarybasicassumptionsofColorControlling,Stabilityofproductionpaintlineduringtheconsumptionofonebatch,Longtermreproducibilityoflabapplication,Constantoffsetlab-productionpaintline,Highbatchreproducibility,12/6/2019,69,BenefitsofColorControlling,Customer,BASFCoatingsAG,stablelabapplicationsmallamountoflabapplicationprogramsdefinedspecificationsconcerningcoloravoidingtheunsolvableproblemofpresentingnocolordifferencesbetweenbatchpanel/ColorStandardandpaintlineresult/Colorstandard,Colorconstancybatch-to-batchinproductionpaintlinesufficientcolormatchofcarmodelspaintedindifferentproductionplantsorpaintlinesCustomersatisfactionconcerningcolor,12/6/2019,70,PhasesofColorControlling,ok?,no,Yes,Preparation,Initializing,Controlling,Continuity,perproductionpaintline,percolor,percustomer/plant,Conviction,12/6/2019,71,Preparationphase,InstallationSpectrophotometer/PC/Software,Basictraining,Identificationofcolortostartwith,Screeningofcarbodiestodescribethestatusofthepr