《作状语和定语》PPT课件.ppt

TheingformastheAttributiveandAdverbial,Grammar,V-ing形式,V-ing形式由“doing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。,现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前,说明其修饰名词的性质或特征,表示供作之用”和“的”。,现在分词作定语,awalkingstick,(astickusedforwalking),drinkingwater,(waterfordrinking),awaitingroom,(aroomforwaiting),workingpeople,therisingsun,动词-ing形式是短语,应放在所修饰的名词后,相当于一个定语从句。,Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.,whocomefromseveralcountries.,ThreedayslaterIreceivedaletterofferingmethejob.,whichofferedmethejob.,Thegirlstandingthereismyclassmate.,whostandsthere,Exercise:1._dogsseldombite.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.Barking2.Thewolfspokeina_voiceandMr.Dongguofelt_.frightening;frightenedB.frightened;frightenedC.frighten;frighteningD.frightening;frightening,D,A,3.Itspleasuretowatchthefaceofa_baby.A.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept4.The_buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shake5.Thehotel_nowbesidetheparkwasdesignedbyagroupofyoungmen.A.tobebuiltB.beingbuiltC.builtD.building,C,A,B,6.WhenthefirstsettlersarrivedintheNewWorld,theIndians_jewellerymadeofanimalbonesgreetedthemwarmly.A.wearingB.towearC.wornD.havingworn7.Doyouknowtheboy_theretalkingtoyoursister?A.tobestandingB.stoodC.beingstandingD.standing,A,D,现在分词作状语,现在分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语,分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系,否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它的各种形式变化:,主动形式被动形式V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed,一般式,完成式,e.g.Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.听见铃声,学生们开始走进教室。(听见和进入两个动作同时发生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们的新图书馆。(beingbuilt为现在分词的被动形式,表示动作正在进行之中),Havingdonethework,hewenthome.完成了工作,他就回家了。,现在分词在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的的状语(通常用不定式做目的状语)。,Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.),Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.),1)表时间状语,2)表原因状语Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidntgotoschool.),Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.),既然你是一个学生,你就应该努力学习。,由于想到它或许在家,所以我就给他打了电话。,Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.),3)表方式、伴随情况的状语:作伴随状语的分词表示的动作,必须是主语的一个动作,或是与谓语所表示的动作(或状态)同时发生,或是对谓语表示的动作(或状态)作进一步地补充说明。,e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.),他们笑着谈着走进了教室。,_,theywentintotheclassroom.,他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。,Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.),Laughingandtalking,4)表结果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.),全国到处在传唱这首歌曲,使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。,Thesongissungalloverthecountry,_.,makingitthemostpopularsong,5)表条件,Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.),一直往前走,你就会看到一座白色地房子。,_,youwillseeawhitehouse.,Walkingahead,6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格:Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhead我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。Timepermitting,welldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。,有时也可用with(without)+名词(代词宾格)+分词形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。7)作独立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看,他一定是个演员。,Exercise:1.Theysetout_forthe_boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing2.Thestudentsatthere,_whattodo.A.doesntknowingB.didntknowingC.notknowD.notknowing,B,D,现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never),3.Hesatthere_,withhisheadonhishand.A.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought4.The_PrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,_thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;added,B,C,5.Inwintersteamcanbeseen_fromwetclothes_nearafire.A.rising,hangingB.rising,tohangC.rise,hangingD.torise,tohang6.Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon7.YesterdayProfessorLireceivedaletterfromoneofhisfriends,_himtowriteanarticle,andheaccepted.A.havinginvitedB.invitedC.tobeinvitedD.inviting,A,A,D,8.Findinghercarstolen,_.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp9._,theboycouldntenterhishouse.A.SincethekeyhaslostB.ThekeybeenlostC.LostthekeyD.Havinglostthekey,D,D,10.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing11.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake,B,A,12.“Cantyouread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointD.andangrilypointing,A,13._areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived,C,14._histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.A.NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.Havingnotknown,A,1.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_alongspeechforthepresident.(NMET91)A.ToprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing2.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.(NMET98)A.MakingB.makesC.madeD.tomake,B,现在分词表结果状语,A,现在分词作伴随状语,高考链接,3.“Cantyouread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.(NMET93)A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointD.andangrilypointing,A,现在分词作伴随状语,4._areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.(NMET92)NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived5._histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.(1991上海)NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.Havingnotknown,C,A,现在分词作原因状语,分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。,作原因状语,6.Whilewatchingtelevision,_.(NMET2005)A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings7._theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.(2004广东)A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcom