Ethnicdialect黑人语言的特点.ppt

Idiolect,Ethnicdialect,Definition：,Idiolectisapersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombineselementsregardingregional,social,gender,andagevariations.,Example,LocalhumorShanghaineseHaipaiQingkousatirical,Ethnicdialect,Anethnicdialectisasocialdialectofalanguagethatcutsacrossregionaldifferences;itismainlyspokenbyalessprivilegedpopulationthathasexperiencedsomeformofsocialisolationsuchasracialdiscriminationorsegregation.Forexample,blackEnglish,thekindofEnglishspokenmostlybyalargesectionofnon-middle-classAmericanBlacks.,ThecharacterasticsofBlackEnglish,PronunciationandIntonationSyntaxandGrammarSpelling,1.NO/r/2.NO/l/e.gcoal,goal/kou/，/gou/3.Lenition辅音弱化/b/,/d/,/g/p/,/t/,/k/e.gled&let4./,/e/arealwaystransformed./t/e.gthink/tink/f/e.gmouth/mauf/e/d/e.gthey/dei/with/wid/5.Sometimes/i/,/e/arethesame.E.gpin&pen6.Thesimplificationoftheconsonantaffix辅音连缀的简化e.gpassed，pastpassmend，meantmen7.Thechangeofstresse.gpolicepolice8.Intonation与标准美语相比,在相似的情景中,黑人英语语调变化比白人大,经常使用高调甚至假声是黑人英语的一个特征,Aftervowele.ghard&hadBetweenvowelse.gparise&pass,Omit“be”e.gHetootallforme./Mymommainhospital.“Be”tellstimee.gifsomeonesays“Thecoffeecold”,itmeans“Todaythecoffeeiscold”,butifhewanttotellsus“Everydaythecoffeeiscold”,thenheshouldsay“Thecoffeebecold”.Negation1)3formsofnegation:aint,dont,ditn2)Twonoesdontmakeayes.youcantdonothingforhim.=youcandonothingforhim.在双重否定中，主语否定词与时态否定词常常倒装，表示否定的助动词可置句首，称之为否定倒装。（invertingnegative）Cantnobodydonothingaboutit.4.Omit“s”1)Thethird-personsingulare.ghego./itrain.2)Thepluralformsofnounse.gtwobook3)NounsofthePossessiveCasee.gmyfatherhousemyfathershouse5.“Itsa.”insteadsof“Thereisa.”e.gItsfourboyandtwogirlinthefamily.,“Er”canbereplacedby“a”e.gplayerplaya“Ks”cks”canbereplacedby“x”e.gthanksthanxThespecialuseof“O”e.gloveluvnothingnuthin4.”s”canbereplacedby“z”e.geasyez5.goinggonna,wanttowannaoutofoutta,kindofkinda6.“Ing”becomes“in”comingcomin,AfricanSlaveTradeUnfaireducationThepolicyofracialdiscriminationInterferenceofmothertongue.,Why?,CantbelieveIhaddagirllikeyou不敢相信我会拥有你这样的女孩AndIjustletyouwalkrightouttamylife而我居然让你离开我的生命AfterallIpututhruustillstuck我这样对你但你仍如此坚持Aroundandstayedbymyside陪伴著我为我停留WhatreallyhurtmeisIbrokeurheart,baby但真正伤我的是我让你心碎，宝贝YouwereagoodgirlandIhadnoright你是个好女孩但我却没资格拥有你IReallywannamakethingsright我好希望这一切都没发生过Cuz,withoutuinmylifegirl没你在我的生命