《初中非谓语动词》PPT课件.ppt

动词不定式（theinfinitive）,即todo，其否定形式是nottodo；不定式没有人称和数的变化。,动词不定式:,一.不定式的句法功能,1.Itsnormaltocrywhenwefeelsad.,(做主语),不定式做主语时,常用代词it来代替不定式结构,这时it被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置.往往放v.和adj.之后.,e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.=ItsnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.,Its+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.,1.不定式做主语：,常用句型：Its+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.（对某人来说）做某事是怎样的,=Toworkouttheproblemisdifficultforme.,Itsdifficultformetoworkouttheproblem.,=Workingouttheproblemisdifficultforme.,e.g.对我来说解答出这道题是很难的。,2.ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistoreadloudly.,(做表语),可与be动词构成系表结构.,HerwishistostudyinJiYanMiddleschool.Myjobistocleanthestreets.,在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”的语法成分。,2.不定式做表语：,常放在be动词后，表明主语“是什么”。e.g.Ourplanistogotherebyplane.我们的计划是乘飞机去那儿。（主语和表语指代的是同一事物）,1.Myjobis_computers.tosellingB.sellC.tosell2.Herhobbyis_(play)football.,toplay,=Herhobbyisplayingfootball.,3.Iwanttobuyaticket.,(做宾语),接动词不定式作宾语常见的几个动词是want,plan,hope,decide,begin,start.need,wait,wouldlike.hate.refuse.wish.prefer,learn.try.like.agree,fail.beabletodo,do/tryonesbesttodo等.,e.g.Theydecidedtotryagain.,Thelittleboywantedtogettoschoolbefore8oclock.,3.不定式做宾语：即动词+todo的结构中，这里的todo就是做宾语,1.Myfriendswant_(book)someticketstothemovieforus.2.Myparentsdecide_(give)memoremoney.3.Heplans_(go)toBeijingforaholiday.4.Theboyhopes_(pass)theEnglishexam.5.Mylittlesonisable_(read)somewords.6.Illtrymybest_(help)you.7.Shewouldlike_(become)beautiful.,4.KangkanghelpedustolearnEnglish.,动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的动词有tell,ask,get,want,wouldlike,wish,teach,help,order,invite,get,allow,send,lead等.常构成下面的句式：V+sb.+todo其否定形式为：V+sb.not+todo,(做宾语补足语),Shetoldmenottogivethebooktohim.,IaskedPaultocarrythebox.,4.不定式做宾语补足语：即动词+sb.+todo的结构中，这里的todo就是做宾语补足语,1.DontaskJim_(go)swimmingwithus,becausehismotherwontallowhim_(do)so.2.Doesyoumotherwishyou_adoctor?A.beingB.tobeC.become3.Myteacheralwaystellsme_(study)hard.4.Idontwantyou_(help)me.5.Shedlikeme_(join)them.6.Iwishyou_(have)agoodtime.Mybestfriendsteachme_(swim).8.Herfriendofteninvitesher_(have)dinner.9.Mymotheralwaysgetsmyfather_(do)housework.10.Iorderyou_(wash)yourhands,但使役动词（let.make.have)和感官动词(see.watch.lookat.hear.feel)的宾补常省略to,即：V.+sb.+do,Heoftenmakeshissisterwashhisclothes.Iseethelittlegirlrunintotheschool.,1.Whentheywentintothepark,theysawsomeone_ChineseKongfu.playsB.playedC.toplay2.Mr.Brownmadehisstudents_thenewwordsagain.copyingB.copyC.tocopy3.Pleaseletthestudents_down.A.sittingB.tositC.sit4.IsWeiFanggoodatsinging?-Yes,sheis.Weoftenhearher_inherroom.A.tosingB.singC.sings,5.Igetupearlytocatchthebus.,(做目的状语),不定式作状语一般表示目的，原因或结果,Iamsorrytohearthat.,Letsstoptohavearest.,Theorangearetoohightoreach.,Shedidntworkhardenoughtopasstheexam.,(表原因),(表目的),(表结果),5.不定式做状语：常用来表示目的，原因或结果。,Shesellsflowers_makemoney.A.madeB.makeC.tomake2.Theroomisnotbigenough_.A.toliveinB.forlivingC.tolive3.Imsorry_you.hitB.tohitC.hitting4.Heistooyoung_(go)toschool.,6.作定语(后置）Ihavesomething_要说.2.Shehasalotofwork_做everyday.3.Theoldmanhasahouse_住.4.Sheisaniceperson_谈话.,tosay,todo,tolivein,totalkwith,6.不定式做定语：用来修饰前面的名词或者不定代词。,注意：他在找一个房间住。没什么可担心的。请给我把笔来写东西。,Heislookingforaroomtolivein,Thereisnothingtoworryabout,Pleasegivemeapentowritewith,不定式和宾语之间有时候必须加上相应的介词，才能构成完整的动宾关系。,7.疑问词+todo构成短语。WedontknowwhentoleaveBeijing.Canyoushowmehowtoswim.Hedidnttellmewhentoleave.,1.JoeisteachingAlice_thechair.howmendB.howmendingC.howtomend2.Idontknowwhat_(do)next.3.Couldyoutellmewhen_(have)dinner?,8.在学习不定式中,我们需要注意些什么呢?,1）记住基本形式:,todo否定:nottodo,2）todo是非谓语动词,没有人称和数的变化,不能充当谓语.但可以和系动词构成系表结构.如:Mydreamistobeadoctor.,3）感官动词see,watch,hear,feel等和使役动词make,let等接do作宾语补足语时,do称为不带to的不定式如:Doyouoftenseehimplaytennisontheplayground?,4）充当后置定语时,要特别注意动词的不定式短语中的介词不能省去.如:Theoldmanhavenohousetolivein.,8.只能跟ving的动词：finish,enjoy,mind,keep(on),practise,feellike(want),bebusydoing.giveup,lookforwardtodoing,canthelpdoing,1.Icanthelp_(cry).2.Hedidntfinish_(do)homework.3.Wouldyoumind_(close)thewindow.4.EverydayMarypractise_(speak)English.5.Kangkangisbusy_(watch)TVnow.6.Ilookforwardto_(hear)fromyou.7.Theykeep_(play)basketball.8.Mysisterfeelslike_(eat)icecream.,9.既可以跟动词不定式又可以跟Ving的几组动词而意思无太大区别的：liketodolikedoingprefer.hatebeginstart.,10.注意Stoptodo与stopdoing：stoptodo指的是：停下其它的事情，去做不定式的动作。Wearesotired.Letsstoptohavearest.我们太累了，让我们停下来休息一会儿吧。Stopdoing是指停下来正在做的事情。Thestudentsstoppedtalkingwhentheteachercamein.,Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest2.Itstimeforclass,pleasestop_(talk)3.Hestopped_(say)hellotomewhenhesawme.4.Itstoolate,letsstop_(work)5.Hestopped_(cry)whenseeinghismother.,C,talking,tosay,working,crying,remembertodo记得要去做rememberdoing记得曾经做过Pleaseremembertobringyourbookwithyoutomorrow.Irememberbringingmybookthismorning.forgetdoing曾经做过这件事，但后来忘了forgettodo忘记要做一件事（根本没做）Ioftenforgettoturnoffthelight,butIrememberturningitofflastnight.,1.Dontforget_yourhomeworkwithyouwhenyoucometomorrow.tobringB.bringingC.totakeD.taking2.-Doyoustillremember_mesomewhereinBeijing?-Yes,ofcourse.Twoyearsago.toseeB.seeC.seeingD.saw3.Remember_(notbe)latenexttime!,温馨提示,11.findit+adj+todo=find(that)itistodo.thinkittodo=think(that)itisadj+todosth.,IfounditeasytolearnEnglish.=IfounditiseasytolearnEnlish,.Exercise:Ifeltithard_(give)up_(smoke),12.Itstimetodosth.ItsonesdutytodosthItsonesturntodosthTaketurnstodosth.IttakessbsometimetodosthItcostssbsomemoneytodosth主语+adjtodosth,Itcostme5yuan_(buy)thebookyesterday.Itwilltakehim8minutes_(get)there.Wetaketurns_(clean)theclassroom.4.Itsalreadytime_(stop)_(discuss)5.Itsmyduty_(protect)you,13.变被动语态makesbdosth.sbbemadetodosth.Hemakesuslaugh.Wearemadetolaughbyhimseesbdosth.sbbeseentodosth.Ioftenseehimplaygames.Heisoftenseentoplaygamesbyme.hearsbdosth.sbbeheardtodosth.IalwayshearmyfriendsingEngishsongs.MyfriendisalwaysheardtosingEnglishsongs,Yesterdayhewasseen_(play)computergames.2.Manyc