（外国语言学及应用语言学专业论文）英语专业课堂多媒体使用状况调查研究.pdf

an investigation of multimedia- based classrooms for english majors iv 摘 要 随着信息时代的到来，科学技术的飞速发展加快了教育领域知识的更新，传 统的教学模式和教学手段己经不能满足现代化教学的需要。 多媒体课堂教学作为 计算机多媒体技术与现代教育技术相结合的产物， 在各高等院校得到了广泛地使 用。然而多媒体在英语专业课堂上的使用情况和教学效果如何，还未能得到有效 地论证。本文的主要目的是调查多媒体在英语专业课堂上的使用情况，并探讨提 高课堂教学效果的方法与策略。 本文主要探讨以下三个问题： 1. 英语专业教师运用多媒体授课的理论和实践能力如何？ 2. 英语专业教师和学生如何评价多媒体英语教学的效果? 3. 多媒体英语教学具有哪些优点和缺点？ 为了解决这三个问题， 基于国内外相关文献的研究和建构主义理论以及多元 智能理论的指导，作者分别设计了教师问卷和学生问卷，对武汉三所高校的英语 专业教师和学生发放问卷进行调查。教师问卷包括教师对多媒体教学理论的掌 握、对多媒体教学的态度、课堂教学实践情况、以及多媒体操作能力四个部分。 学生问卷包括学生对多媒体教学的态度、对课堂教学实践的评估、对教师计算机 操作能力的评估、以及对多媒体课堂优势的评估四个部分。此外，作者对自愿接 受采访的教师和学生进行了后期访谈。 调查结果表明：1）英语专业教师的理论水平存在不足，尽管一些老师已经 了解相关教学理论，但却没有运用到教学实践中；2）大部分英语专业教师都已 经掌握了操作多媒体的基本技巧，但不会使用一些高级程序；3）教师和学生对 多媒体教学都持有积极的态度，但碍于理论指导和技术支持的匮乏，多媒体教学 的效果不能令人满意；4）师生都认为相对传统教学，多媒体教学具有绝对优势， 但同时，教学实践中存在的缺憾不容忽视。基于发现的这些问题，作者提出了一 些提高多媒体课堂教学效果的策略：加强教师培训、开展合作教学、树立学生为 中心的教学方式、把多媒体教学与传统教学相结合。 关键词：英语专业教师；英语专业学生；多媒体课堂；调查；提高策略 an investigation of multimedia- based classrooms for english majors ii abstract along with the advent of the information age, the rapid development of science and technology has accelerated the updates of knowledge in the field of education. the traditional teaching m ethods (ttm) have become unable to meet the modern teaching needs. as a combination of modern educational theory and technology, the multimedia- based teaching has been widely used in classrooms in colleges and universities. but how multimedia work and perform in classrooms for english majors is far from in- depth discussion. this research aims to investigate the use of multimedia for english majors (em) in the multimedia- based classrooms (mbc) and to explore the strategies to improve teaching and learning efficiency. the present thesis aims to answer the following three questions: 1. what are the theoretical and practical competences of teachers of the english major (tem) for multimedia- based english teaching (mbet)? 2. how do tem and em evaluate the efficiency of multimedia- based english teaching (embet)? 3. what are the strengths and weaknesses of mbet? in order to solve these three research questions, questionnaires for teachers and students were respectively designed based on the previous relative studies and the guidance of constructivism and multiple intelligence theory, and an investigation through questionnaires was conducted in three universities in wuhan. the questionnaire for teacher participants (tp) is composed of four parts: teachers theoretical framework for mbet; teachers attitudes towards multimedia- based teaching; teachers teaching methods and activities in mbc; teachers competence in multimedia technology. the questionnaire for student participants (sp) contains four parts: students attitudes towards mbet, students evaluation of teachers teaching methods and activities, students assessment of teachers competence of multimedia application; and students view on the strengths of mbc. in addition, the voluntary teachers and students among the participants are 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 iii interviewed after the questionnaires. the results of the investigation show that: 1) tem knowledge of theoretical bases is insufficient, and not all of them can apply the theories to practice, though some teachers have acquainted themselves with the related theories; 2) as for competence in multimedia technology, most tem have mastered the basic skills of manipulating multimedia technology, but they are still unable to make full use of advanced programs; 3) both tem and em hold a very positive attitude towards mbet, but due to the lack of proper theory guidance and technology support, embet is far from satisfaction; 4) compared with traditional teaching methods (ttm), both teachers and students admit that mbet has an absolute superiority, but its weaknesses should arouse our attention. based on these findings, some improvement strategies of embet are proposed: strengthening teacher development; encouraging cooperative learning; creating a learner- centered classroom; and integrating mbet with ttm. keywords: teachers of the english major, english majors, multimedia- based classrooms, investigation, improvement strategy 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 v list of abbreviations call computer- assisted language learning mbc multimedia- based classrooms mbet multimedia- based english teaching mblt multimedia- based language teaching em english majors embc efficiency of multimedia- based classrooms embet efficiency of multimedia- based english teaching nem non- english majors qs questions for students qt questions for teachers sp student participants tem teachers of the english major tnem teachers of the non- english major tp teacher participants ttm traditional teaching methods an investigation of multimedia- based classrooms for english majors vi list of tables table 1 basic information about sp.15 table 2 basic information about tp.16 table 3 teachers theory proficiency.20 table 4 teachers attitude towards theory bases.21 table 5 teachers attitude towards mbet .23 table 6 students attitude towards mbet.25 table 7 teachers application of teaching methods.27 table 8 students evaluation and expectation of teaching method.28 table 9 frequency of cooperative activities in mbc.30 table 10 hindrances to cooperative learning.31 table 11 teachers functions and roles in mbc.34 table 12 students major learning activity in mbc.35 table 13 evaluation of teachers computer proficiency.37 table 14 teachers expectation of computer proficiency.38 table 15 evaluation on courseware- making competence .39 table 16 correlation between courseware content and textbook content.40 table 17 students view on the strengths of mbc .42 table 18 comparison of three learning strategies.44 中南民族大学 学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所 取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包含任 何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡 献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的 法律后果由本人承担。 作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意 学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文 被查阅和借阅。本人授权中南民族大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内 容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存 和汇编本学位论文。 本学位论文属于 1、保密，在_年解密后适用本授权书。 2、不保密。 （请在以上相应方框内打“” ） 作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 导师签名： 日期： 年 月 日 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 i acknowledgements upon the completion of this thesis, i would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the people from whose advice and support this work has benefited. special words of thanks are due to my supervisor yuan xuefen for her illuminating instructions, invaluable suggestions and enthusiastic encouragement. the thesis was assisted greatly by her constructive comments for its structure and transformation. i am enormously indebted to my supervisor who has sacrificed much valuable time for the birth of this thesis. i would also like to thank all the participants and interviewees who completed the questionnaires conscientiously and allowed me into their work and whose thoughts have been instrumental in shaping the contents. their passionate cooperation has been a great support for the fulfillment of the thesis. my appreciation would also be extended to some of my teachers and friends who have provided not only valuable suggestions but also practical supports. their assistance and support have made a difference at a time when it seemed the survey would not be completed. i wish to thank my family for their unconditional love and support. without their care and support, i could not have finished this thesis. 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 1 chapter one introduction 1.1 background of the study along with the advent of the information age, the rapid development of science and technology has accelerated the updates of knowledge in the field of education. therefore, it is imperative to apply the advanced teaching concepts and modern educational technology to education. as the combination of modern educational theory and technology, multimedia- based teaching has been widely used in colleges and universities with its distinctive features, rich in contents and vivid in forms. the ministry of education (2005) has issued a regulation on multimedia teaching in colleges and universities，which points out that among the required courses in key universities, the proportion of multimedia teaching hours should reach 30%, and in other universities, this proportion should be no less than 15%. meanwhile, multimedia- based education is an important factor in evaluating the quality of education in universities and colleges nowadays. many colleges and universities have built multimedia- based classrooms (mbc), or equipped the original classrooms with multimedia teaching facilities, and encourage teachers to use multimedia in language teaching, which to some extent, can improve the efficiency of classroom instruction and students learning outcomes as well. however, due to the impact of traditional teaching methods and the constraints of teachers competence in multimedia, some teachers just simply take multimedia as a substitute for the traditional teaching method, rather than the reform and update of the educational technology and teaching method in practical teaching. as a tool in language teaching, multimedia technology can influence the teaching activity in classroom, but it can not be a decisive factor in teaching efficiency. although this new teaching model has become more and more popular among teachers, there is insufficient research on the actual efficiency of multimedia- based classroom teaching. how multimedia work and perform in an investigation of multimedia- based classrooms for english majors 2 classrooms is far from in- depth study. consequently, it has now become a hot issue in instruction research. some scholars at home and abroad have made lots of studies on multimedia- based english teaching (mbet), and drew a number of important and meaningful conclusions. however, these researches are either mainly focused on the superiorities and importance of multimedia teaching, the teaching models and methods, or attitudes of teachers and students towards it. the comprehensive studies on the efficiency of multimedia- based english teaching (embet) are scarce, and articles aimed at english majors (em) are even less. compared with non- english majors (nem), em have longer time and more opportunities to receive multimedia- based instruction. therefore, improving embet for em in china is particularly important. 1.2 significance of the study with the application and development of multimedia technology, english teaching faces new challenges. teachers and students have shown great interest in using multimedia for english teaching and learning. how to use multimedia properly so as to achieve effective teaching is a crucial issue we all concern. the study on mbet can present some hints about the practical use of learning theories by some teachers of the english major (tem). learning theories on mbet has so far gone through three phases: behaviorist learning theory, cognitive learning theory and constructivist learning theory. constructivist learning theory is prevailing nowadays, which plays an active role in guiding the multimedia teaching. the multiple intelligence theory also provides useful guidance for teachers about the effective ways to perform multimedia technology. nevertheless, not all teachers can integrate the learning theories into the teaching practice. based on the objective to find out the hindrances arising from current mbet, the present study is useful in better optimizing multimedia teaching through the combination of advanced technology multimedia with advanced theory constructivism. the present study intends to contribute to improve embc for em, which 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 3 benefits both teachers and students. for teachers, they can find some shortcomings and consciously improve their theoretical framework and computer competence. on the other hand, the feedback from students can give them a better understanding of students attitude and requirements, so as to make some adjustments accordingly. in addition, after having a better command of the teaching theory and the teaching methods, the teaching efficiency of mbc can be improved. for students, they have an opportunity to express their feedback about teaching methods to teachers, which is beneficial to achieving a more active learning environment and a more effective way of learning. meanwhile, with the most favorable learning environment and cooperation between teachers and students, students academic achievement can be greatly improved. 1.3 research questions the present study is conducted with a purpose to investigate mbc for em. as we all know, there are lots of barriers to effective multimedia teaching. therefore, how to improve embc is becoming a focus of the education reform. now, many colleges and universities have invested a large sum of money to computerize their classrooms, and have practiced modern approaches like autonomous learning. how does the multimedia teaching perform in such classrooms is what the present study concerns. the major research questions of the study can be presented as follows: (1) what are the theoretical and practical competences of tem for mbet? qualifying teachers should specialize in the theory and practice of teaching. whether teachers have mastered the theoretical basis as well as practical capability is vital to embc. (2) how do tem and em evaluate embet? mbet gets more and more popular in all kinds of universities, but how does it perform in practical teaching needs careful consideration. (3) what are the strengths and weaknesses of mbet? as a modern teaching method, it is certain that mbet has its superiority. but every coin has two sides, the weaknesses emerged from the practical teaching is what we should concern. an investigation of multimedia- based classrooms for english majors 4 in short, the present study aims to analyze mbc for em from teachers and students perspectives, and to discuss the effective ways to improve teaching and learning efficiency. 1.4 layout of the thesis the thesis is made up of six chapters. chapter one presents a brief and brisk sketch of the background, significance of the study and the research questions. chapter two involves the definitions of the related terms and the brief history of the study. chapter three is the description of the theoretical framework. chapter four is concerned with the participants, instruments and procedure of data- collection. chapter five, the core part of the thesis, analyses and discusses the findings. chapter six summarizes the whole thesis and puts forward suggestions for further research. 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 5 chapter two literature review 2.1 definition of multimedia the concept of multimedia is not new. for years, teachers have made presentations using different kinds of media. traditionally, they have used slides, movies, cassette players, and overhead projectors to enrich their lessons. now teachers may employ a personal computer and hard disk storage to combine these different media sources in their teaching, since “ as a computer- based method of presenting information, multimedia emphasize interactivity” (sharp, 1999, p. 233). we are bombarded with the term multimedia everywhere we travel: on television, at the shopping mall, in newspapers, and in educational circles. what does this ubiquitous and elusive term really imply? is it just a catchword tossed about, or does it have a specific meaning? in general and in this thesis, the term multimedia refers to “ the capacity to access and control via computer a full range of familiar media: text, motion video, photo images, sound, and graphics” (pusack lomicka, 1998; maureillo, pangnucci zhang luo huizhong, 2002) made inquiry into the teaching efficiency of mbc. however, they just roughly analyzed the overall teaching efficiency without aiming at a particular major or course. that is to say, these studies are somewhat abstract and the findings have very limited guidance to english teaching and learning. to sum up, in over thirty years development of mblt at home and abroad, the researches have made significant achievements in the development of multimedia technology and educational theory. these findings play a positive role in guiding the application of multimedia technology in english teaching and learning as well as lay a solid foundation for the future research. however, of the research focus, rare researches have analyzed embet or discussed the strategies to improve the teaching efficiency. in terms of the respondents, most of the above surveys focused on tnem and nem. in other words, the performance of multimedia technology in classrooms of em is still unknown to us all. therefore, in this thesis, a survey has been conducted to examine embc from the perspectives of tem and em, which may provide some suggestions to improve the embc for em. an investigation of multimedia- based classrooms for