比较级、最高级讲义.doc

形容词、副词比较级、最高级讲义比较级、最高级的构成：一、规则变化：单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er,-est Eg: tall-taller-tallest smart-smarter-smartest以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r Eg: nice-nicer-nicest large-larger-largest以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er” Eg: early-earlier-earliest happy-happier-happiest busy-busier-busiest以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er Eg: big-bigger-biggest hot-hotter-hottest多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more Eg: popular-more popular-most popular important-more important-most important 二、不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good/well-better-best bad/ill-worse-worst many/much-more-most old-older/elder-eldestlittle-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest 考点总结：一、原级用法：1、表达“A和B一样”，用asas的结构。Eg. I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。2表达“A不如B”用not asas的结构。公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as+B A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as+BEg I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。 He doesnt run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。注意：否定句可以换成not so.as,肯定句不可替换。 I am not so tall as you.When we speak to people, we should be _.A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possiblyThis book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive二、比较级用法1、比较级+than 表示两者差级 I am taller than you.我比你高。 He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。Which is_country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largestWhich do you like _, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most2、 比较级单独使用Be more careful next time. It is colder today.I hope to get a better hob.3“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。 It is getting warmer and warmer天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster他跑得越来越快。注意：0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful我们祖国越来越美了。At last he began to cry _. A.hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder4、“the more， the ”表示“越，就越”，The more，the better. 越多越好The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。_ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more_ you come back, _ it will be.A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better注意：1、 more不可修饰比较级，much可以，意为：.得多，更. She looks _ younger than me. A. more B. MuchI think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B. important B. C. much more important D. more much important2、 相比较的必须是同一类。the weather of Beijing is colder than _A. Shanghai B.that C. that of Shanghai D.it3、 在同意范围内要使用other 排除本身。China is larger than _ in Asia.A. other B. any other Tom is taller than _ in Marys Class.B. other B. any other Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject3、 最高级用法1the + 最高级 + 比较范围 1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词可省略 The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 He runs (the)fastest in the sports meeting. 在运动会上他跑的最快。Which month is_, June, July or August?A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest四、比较级、最高级修饰语1、比较级修饰语： 程度修饰much, a little, even, a lot, a bit等 He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。 I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。 The rain makes life even harder. 雨天使生活更艰难了。 数量修饰,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。 I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。 This building is 20 meters higher than that one.这栋楼比那栋高20米。It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hotThe earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty times big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times bigYour room is _mine.A. twice as large than B. twice the size of C. bigger twice than D. as twi