2018届高考英语二轮专题复习讲义：定语从句(含答案)2017.8.30.doc

大连铁路中学语法专项之定语从句篇 编制人：刘赟慧 使用时间2017.9晚课$来&源：ziyuanku.co 2018高考英语二轮复习：定语从句 讲义【考纲解读】 据考纲要求,考生应做到:1.熟练掌握关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句;2.区分限制性和非限制性定语从句;3. 定语从句中的主谓一致；4. which与that的区别；as与which的区别；whose与of which的转换。【考点纵横】2017年2016年全国卷2015年新课标卷20152016年地方卷目前这么考全国卷(定语从句关系代词that / which 定语从句who)北京(定语从句where)江苏(定语从句whose)浙江(非限制性定语从句whose)天津(定语从句where)全国卷(定语从句who;状语从句as / when)新课标卷(定语从句关系代词that / which)新课标卷(定语从句where)2016年江苏(定语从句)2016年浙江(定语从句)2016年北京(定语从句)2015年湖南(非限制性定语从句which)2015年广东(定语从句where)2015年四川(定语从句whose)今后怎么考?1. 找准先行词，准确判断先行词在定语从句中所做的成分。2. 关注定语从句的考查重点，难点和交叉点。并列句，状语从句，强调句，名词性从句和定语从句的综合考查。【考题导引】考点：考查定语从句。（2017北京卷）31. The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. that B. as C. where D. when 【答案】A （2017江苏）24.The publication of Great Expectations,which_both widely reviewed and highly praised,strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.A.is B.are C.was D.were24. 考查定语从句的主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectations，“Great Expectations”是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据“strengthened”可知，“被广泛阅读和得到高度评价”发生在过去，故选C。（2017江苏）28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of_purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 28. 考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是.，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。（2017全国） Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.70. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。（2017全国）In their spare time,they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden,that is on the rooftop of their house.考察非限定性定语从句。所以把which改成that.（2017全国）But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).定语从句缺少主语 who （2017全国）Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time,car magazines and musical instruments.they that/which 定语从句用that或者which指代photos。（2017天津）9. My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. that B. whose C. his D. who【答案】B【解析】试题分析：本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是my eldest son, 根据句意和空后名词，确定引导词做定语，在定语从句中只有引导词whose修饰名词做定语，意为：.的.。故选B。表示地点用where（2017浙江）Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot 63 (sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden, 64 itremaineduntilthecarrotsleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.(2016全国)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the development of chopsticks.解析：who此处who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。(2016江苏)Many young people，most of _ were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 解析：whom本题定语从句的先行词是people，关系代词whom指代先行词people，在从句中作介词of的宾语。 (2016浙江)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of _ has been proved. 解析：这是一个非限制性定语从句, 先行词是theories，指物，这里用“代词 + of + which”引导定语从句，which作介词of的宾语。(2016北京)I live door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise. 解析：whose couple是先行词，children和couple是所属关系，故填whose。(2015陕西)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent. 解析：when此处用when引导定语从句修饰先行词the time，the time在从句中作时间状语。&源：考点精讲【考点1】定语从句常见引导词【考点2】that与which，who，whom的用法区别【考点3】as与which的区别【考点4】关系副词的用法重点关注1选择关系代词和关系副词的三个原则(1)根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性；(2)根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物；(3)根据关系词在从句中所充当的成分。若从句中缺主语、宾语、定语或表语，则用关系代词；若从句中缺状语，则用关系副词。2牢记定语从句的特殊用法看到先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage等，若引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where引导定语从句；若不作状语，则常用关系代词that/which。3熟记as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别(1)位置不同as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。(2)含义不同as意为“正如”，后面的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意为“这一点”。4“介词关系代词”中介词的选择原则(1)根据介词与定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配；(2)根据介词与前面先行词的习惯搭配；(3)根据介词与定语从句中形容词的习惯搭配；(4)在非限制性定语从句中表“所有关系”或“整体中的一部分”时常用介词of。5巧辨定语从句与其他从句(1)定语从句与名词性从句的区别定语从句前必须有先行词，先行词通常为名词或代词；名词性从句除同位语从句外，前面均无名词或代词。(2)定语从句与同位语从句的区别二者前通常都有名词或代词，但定语从句起修饰、限定作用；同位语从句起解释、说明作用；引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；而引导同位语从句的that在从句中不作成分。(3)非限制性定语从句与并列句的区别若前后句之间有and，but，so等并列连词或分号等，则为并列句；若只有逗号，且逗号后的内容是对前面某一名词或句子的补充说明，则为非限制性定语从句。【真题感悟】1(2015新课标全国卷语法填空)Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.2(2015广东高考语法填空)When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market _ people from the towns met regularly.3(2014新课标全国卷语法填空)Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy.4(2013广东高考语法填空)Nicks guests, _ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.5(2015江苏高考改编)The number of smokers, _is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.6(2015四川高考改编)The books on the desk, _ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.7(2015陕西高考改编)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent.8(2015重庆高考改编)He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.9(2016高考全国乙卷语法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，_ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.10(2016高考全国丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，_ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the development of chopsticks.11(2013高考新课标全国卷单选，4改编)When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.12(2012高考新课标全国卷单选，8改编)That evening，_ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late.13.【2011全国卷I) 31】The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what【2011全国卷II）7】Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather A. this B. that C. what D. which【2011北京卷）26】Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, make all the others upset. A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that【2011上海卷) 39】Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as【2011山东卷）32】The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.A. they B. where C. what D. that【2011江西卷）34】She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years.A. for whichB. with whichC. of whichD. to which【2011江苏卷）24】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which【2011安徽卷）28】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A. when B. which C. where D. while【2011浙江卷）8】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those【2011浙江卷）10】A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. there【2011福建卷）24】She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ,_ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A. which B. where C. what D. who【2011福建卷）33】It was April 29,2001 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.Athat BwhenCsinceDbefore【2011四川卷）17】The school shop, _ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays. A. which B. whose C. when D. where【2011天津卷）10】The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A. when B. that C. where D. which【2011陕西卷）11】I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. where C. who D. that【2011湖南卷)25】Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _ she spoke fluently. A. who B. whom C. which D. that【2012浙江卷】17. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A. whichB. whoC. whereD. whom【2012浙江卷】9.We live in an agemore information is available with greater ease than ever before.A. whyB. whenC. to whomD. on which【2012江苏卷】22.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what【2012重庆卷】29. Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as salesA. which B. that C. when D. where【2012四川卷】13. In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them【2012陕西卷】14. It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all. A. that B. whereC.whichD. what【2012北京卷】26. When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 【2012天津卷】I wish to thank Professor Smith, without_help I would never have got this far.A.who B. whose C. whomD. which2013上海卷38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what 2013浙江卷13The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A. whatB. whereC. whenD. why 2013重庆卷 24John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members. Athem Bthat Cwhich Dwhom 2013陕西卷16 is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. A. It B. That C. What D. As2013四川卷9 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.A. what B. which C. when D. where 2013山东卷35 Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. when B. where C. which D. whom 2013山东卷 31There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.A. as B. that C. when D. where 2013辽宁卷 34 He may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team.Ain which case Bin that case Cin what case Din whose case 2013江西卷 33 He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A. what B. which C. where D. how 2013江苏 32 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen 2013湖南卷 21 Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whom B. whoC. what D. which 2013福建卷27 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A. whose B. that C. who D. which 2013北京卷 27Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. which C. whose D. where 2013安徽卷 29 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come trueAit Bthat Cwhat Dwhich 2013天津卷6 We have launched another manmade satellite，_ is announced in todays newspaper.A. that B. which Cwho Dwhat 2013浙江5. The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom 2014安徽卷 The exact year_Anglela and her family spent together in China was 2008.Awhen Bwhere Cwhy Dwhich 2014北京卷 I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，_my classmates recommended to me.Awho Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere2014福建卷 Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.Awho Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere2014湖南卷 I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter c