专题3 动词时态、语态、词组.doc

专题三 动词时态、语态、词组 2013一、时态：1.一般现在时：(1)make sure/ see to it that+宾语从句中，从句用一般时 -Make sure you lock the door when you go out. - See to it that every child has a separate bed in the new home.(2)the morethe more 句型中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时 - The earlier you prepare your work, the better you will be. 例：1.Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend? D -Terry? Never! She _tents and fresh air! A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates2. The house belongs to my aunt but she _here any more. D A. hasnt lived B. didnt live C. hadnt lived D. doesnt live3. Send my regards to your wife when you _home. D A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write2.现在进行时：（1）有些动词无进行时,这是表示“感觉、感情、存在、从属”等的动词 如：see, hear, feel, taste, look, smell hate, love, like, want , wish, prefer, refuse exist, remain, stay have, possess, own, contain, belong to（2）与always, constantly, continually, forever, all the time 等表示时间的副词连用，表示说话人对主语的行为表示赞叹，赞许，表扬，抱怨等情绪 -The girl is always asking the same question. - The kind lady is always thinking of others.例：1.Whats that noise? C -Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine_. A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested2. Although the causes of cancer_, we dont yet have any practical way to prevent it. A A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered3.-I dont suppose the police know who did it.-Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and_ now. B A. has been questionedB. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned3.现在完成时： 用于 “This is the +序数词+time that+”句型中 - This is my first time that I have visited the Great Wall. 例: Though we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic_. D A. had changed B. will change C. was changed D. has been changed4.现在完成进行时: have/ has been doing 表示过去某一时刻开始的动作且状态一直延续到现在，并有可能一直延续下去。 - I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still havent found it. 例：1.-Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. -I think so. He _for it for months. D A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing2. I wont tell the students the answer to the math problem until he _on it for more than an hour. A A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked5.一般过去时：例：I _ in London for many years, but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived6. 过去进行时： 表示过去反复的习惯的动作，常与 always, continually, constantly等动词连用。 - Whenever I visited her, she was always writing at the desk.例：1. I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time! A A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked2. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday. A A. was happening B. happens C. has happenedD. happened3. -Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favour? -Of course. What is it? -I _ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. B A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonder7.过去完成时(1)用于hardly/scarcelywhen; no soonerthan句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 -I had hardly cleaned the classroom when the teacher entered. - I had no sooner come back home than it began to rain.(2)动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望，打算和意图 - I had hoped that I could pass the test, but I failed again. 例题：1.The hotel wasnt particularly good, but I _in many worse hotels. D A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed2. John, who got married only last week, spent $3.000 more than he _ for the wedding. D A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned3. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _ before. C A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying8.过去将来时 - She said she was going to set out at once. - They never knew that population would become a big problem. 例题：1. -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. C A. had B. would C. was going to D. did2.-What were you doing when Tony phoned you? D -I had just finished my work and _ to take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting9.一般将来时（1）祈使句, +and/or+句子and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时 - Use you mind, and you will have a way out.（2）be going to+动词原形，表示打算要做某事 be about to +动词原形，表示按照预定、计划或打算准备着手进行的动作 be to+动词原形，表示 必须、必然或计划要做的事 - He is about to go. - The meeting is to be held at 8 a. m. next Friday.例题：1. No decision _ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. A A. will be made B. is made C. is being made D. has been made2. -Your job _ open for your return. -Thanks. A A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept3. I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner. D A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come10.将来进行时：will be doing 表示将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 -The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport at ten tomorrow.例题：At this time tomorrow_ over the Atlantic. BA. were going to fly B. well be flyingC. well fly D. were to fly11.将来完成时: will have done by+将来的时间 - By the time you reach the railway station, the train will have left already. 例题： By his next birthday, he _ married for ten years. C A. had beenB. had got C. will have beenD. will have got二、语态：1.不能用于被动语态的动词和短语: come true, consist of , take place, happen, become，rise, occur, belong , break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, exist, fail, succeed-例题： Can you say something about the accident _ outside the theater last week? B A. happened B. that happened C. happens D. was happened2. 下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义，而且常与 well, quite, easily, badly 等副词连用。如：lock, wash, sell, wear, write, use - This kind of TV sells well. - The pen you bought last week writes well. 3. 一些常用的被动句型： It is said that/ It is reported that/ It is widely believed that/ It is thought that - It is said that the book written by the young writer has been translated into several languages.4.动词短语转换成被动语态时，要被看成一个整体，后面的介词或副词不能省略。例题：The house _ by a poet. A A. was once lived in B. once lived in C. had been once lived D. once was living in5. get+-ed分词构成的被动语态，强调动作的结果。例题： Jack_ of college for failing his exams. B A. was got thrown out B. got thrown out C. had got thrown out D. was got throwing out6. 使役动词make, let, have 或感官动词hear, see ,listen to, look at, notice, watch, feel 等的被动语态三、动词词组搭配1.“动词+介词”,介词与动词不能分开，宾语放后面account for（说明）, aim at, appeal to（呼吁）, arrive at, ask after（探问）, ask for, attach to, begin with, break into, break off（中断）, break through（突破）, break up（分裂）, bring about（致使）, bring out（生产）, build up（树立）, call for, call on/upon, call up（召唤）, care for, carry on, carry out, come to , count on（依靠）, deal with, fill in/out, go after, go into, go through（经历）, keep to（遵循）, lie in, live on/by, look after, look into, look over, look through（看穿）, occur to, refer to, run into, see to（注意）, send for, serve as, set aside（留出）, stand for, stick to, take in, touch on（涉及）, turn to2. “动词+副词”，宾语是代词放中间break down(出故障）, break in（打断）, break out, come on, come out, call off ( 取消), carry out ( 执行), die out, dress up, drop out（退出）, find out, get down（使沮丧）, get off, give away（分发）, give in, give off, give out, give up, go by, go on, go out , hand down（传递下来）, hand in, hand out, hand over（移交）, hang up, hold back（忍住）, hold on, hurry up, keep back, keep off（挡住）, let down, look back, look out, look on（在一旁观看）, look up, make out, make up, pass away, pay back, pay off, pick out, pick up, pull down, put away, put on, put up, run down（撞沉）, set off, set out, set up, show off, take away, take down, take on（呈现）, take over（接管）, think over, throw away, turn down, turn in（上交）, turn off, turn on, turn out, turn over, turn up, use up, wear out（穿破）, wipe out（擦干净）, work out, work on.3. “动词+副词+介词”构成的短语动词break away from ( 脱离，改掉), catch up with, keep up with, come down with ( 患病), get along with, get out of ( 摆脱), look down upon, make up for ( 补偿)4. “动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词 catch sight of, get hold of, make fun of, make use of，pay attention to, take advantage of ( 利用), take notice of, take pride in5. “动词（+宾语）+介词+ 名词”构成的短语动词come into existence, come into effect, take sth into account ( consideration ) 考虑某事 6. “be +形容词+介词”构成的短语动词be fond of, be familiar with, be late for, be afraid of，be suitable for7. “动词+名词”构成的短语动词 change hands ( 易手), lose heart, make friends, make sense ( 有意义), take action 8. 后接名词或动名词（及物）aim at, accuse. of. （因某事控告某人）, depend on, devote to（致力于）, engage in（从事于，忙于）, feel like, go on, cannot/couldnt help, insist on（坚持）, keep from, keep on, look forward to, persist in（坚持）, prevent from, put off, set about（开始做某事）, succeed in, thank for, think of, break away (from), catch up with, come up to（达到）, come up with, concern with（与有关）, do away with（废除）, have something to do with, have nothing to do with, be fed up with（厌烦）, get along/on with, get through（穿过）, get down to（开始认真处理）, get out of, give way to（让路）, go in for, hold on to（坚持）, keep up with, let alone（不管）, live up to（达到高标准）, look down on, be made up of, make up for, never mind, put up with（容忍）, refer to. . . as, run out of, set out to（着手做-）, think of. as, throw (a) light on（阐明）例题解析：1 . After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside. C A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up set out:开始，着手; take over接管；set up:建立；take up: 开始从事-2 .Im still working on my project. Oh, youll miss the deadline. Time is_ A A. running out B. going outC. giving outD. losing out run out: 用完，到期；go out: 熄灭；give out: 分发；lose out: 不成功，受损失3. American Indians _ about five percent of the U.S. population. C A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up fill up: 填满； bring up: 抚养大；make up: 组成，编造，化妆4. The teacher stressed again that the students should not_ any important details while retelling the story. C A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. make out bring out: 阐明，出版；leave out: 遗漏，不提及5. Its the present situation in poor areas that _ much higher spending on education and traini